| NGC 4622 | |
|---|---|
 AHubble Space Telescope (HST) image of NGC 4622 | |
| Observation data (J2000epoch) | |
| Constellation | Centaurus |
| Right ascension | 12h 42m 37.7s[1] |
| Declination | −40° 44′ 35″[1] |
| Redshift | 4,367 ± 39 km/s[1] |
| Distance | 200 millionly[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 12.6[1] |
| Characteristics | |
| Type | SA(r)ab[1] |
| Apparent size (V) | 1′.7 × 1′.6[1] |
| Other designations | |
| PGC 42701[1] | |
NGC 4622, also known as theBackward Galaxy, is a face-onunbarred spiral galaxy with a very prominentring structure located in theconstellationCentaurus. Thegalaxy is a member of theCentaurus Cluster.[2]
The spiral galaxy NGC 4622 lies approximately 111 millionlight-years away from Earth in the constellation Centaurus. NGC 4622 is an example of a galaxy with leadingspiral arms.[2] Each spiral arm winds away from the center of the galaxy and ends at an outermost tip that "points" in a certain direction (away from the arm). Spiral arms were thought to always trail, meaning that the outermost tip of every spiral arm points away from the direction of the disk's orbital rotation. This is true of theinner spiral arm of NGC 4622 but not of itsouter spiral arms. The outer arms of NGC 4622 are instead leading spiral arms, meaning the tips of the spiral arms point towards the direction of disk rotation. This may be the result of a gravitational interaction between NGC 4622 and another galaxy or the result of a merger between NGC 4622 and a smaller object.[2]
NGC 4622 also has a single inner trailing spiral arm.[2] Although it was originally suspected that the inner spiral arm was a leading arm, the observations that established that the outer arms were leading also established that the inner arm was trailing.[2]
These results were met with skepticism in part because they contradicted conventional wisdom with one quote being "so you're the backward astronomers who found the backward galaxy." Astronomical objections centered on the fact that dust reddening and cloud silhouettes were used to determine that the outer arms lead. The galaxy disk is tilted only 19 degrees from face-on making near to far-side effects of dust hard to discern and because clumpy dust clouds might be concentrated on one side of the disk, creating misleading results.
In response, new research determined NGC 4622's spiral arm sense with a method independent of the previous work.[3] The Fourier component method reveals two new weak arms in the inner disk winding opposite the outer strong clockwise pair. Thus the galaxy must have a pair of arms winding in the opposite direction from most galaxies. Analysis of a color-age star formation angle sequence of the Fourier components establishes that the strong outer pair is the leading pair.
A Fourier component image of the arm pairs is shown with one of the pair of arms marked for the newly discovered inner CCW pair (black dots) as well as one of the already known (CW) outer pair (white dots).
On 25 May 2001, an image taken by theHubble Space Telescope captured asupernova in NGC 4622, designatedSN 2001jx (type unknown, mag. 17.5).[4] It was discovered by R. Buta and GG Byrd of the University of Alabama as well as T. Freeman ofBevill State Community College.[5] The type of supernova was not determined.[6]
A second supernova in this galaxy was discovered on 14 January 2019, and designatedSN 2019so (type Ia-91bg-like, mag. 18.5).[7]
According to AM Garcia, NGC 4622 is a member of theNGC 4709 group which consists of at least 42 galaxies includingNGC 4616,NGC 4622B (also calledPGC 42852),NGC 4679 and NGC 4709.[8]
The NGC 4709 group is part of theCentaurus Cluster.[9]
Media related toNGC 4622 at Wikimedia Commons
