Music and fashion have long been closely linked. Artistic movements inmusic have often been associated with distinctfashions.[1][2] Both industries have also had considerable influence on each other. Many famous musicians have also had notable styles and influenced fashion.[3][4]
The Boston Globe described singersCher andDavid Bowie as pioneers of shape-shifting inpop music.[5] Cher emerged as afashion trendsetter in the 1960s, popularizing "hippie fashion withbell-bottoms, bandanas andCherokee-inspired tunics".[6] She has repeatedly reinvented herself by adopting a series ofvisual personas,[7] for whichRichard Aquila called her "the ultimate pop chameleon".[8]Billboard observed Cher's role in redefining visual possibilities for pop stars, allowing them to adopt multiple personas on and off stage.[9]The Independent's Alexander Fury traced Cher's fashion influence among female music artists such asBeyoncé andJennifer Lopez, stating, "They all graduated from the Cher school of never sharing the stage, with anyone or anything."[10]
New York magazine acknowledgedBarbra Streisand fashion sense saying "she embarked on a surreal, chameleonic, personal fashion quest" that single-handedly began the retro revolution in the 1960s.[11] American singerMichael Jackson inspired global fashion trends during the 1980s.[12]BritishVogue called him "a fashion pioneer [who] initiated the trophy jacket trend in the Eighties".[13] His style included sequined gloves, afedora, red leather jackets, sequined jackets,aviator sunglasses, blackhigh-waisted pants, white socks and leatherpenny loafers.[14] American singerMadonna is known for having adopted multiple visual styles throughout her career. AuthorJames Robert Parish wrote that her fashion during the 1980s helped create a new version of theblonde bombshell image.[15] ScholarCamille Paglia wrote, "[Madonna] has become a fashion icon more than a music pioneer".[16] Madonna's prominence enabled her to bring subcultural styles into the mainstream.[17] Various publications have credited Madonna with starting theunderwear as outerwear trend.[18][19][17]
Western wear is a category of men's and women's clothing which derives its unique style from the clothes worn in the 19th centuryWild West. It ranges from accurate historical reproductions ofAmerican frontier clothing, to the stylized garments popularized byWestern film and television orsinging cowboys such asGene Autry andRoy Rogers in the 1940s and 1950s. It continues to be a fashion choice in theWest andSouthwestern United States, as well as people associated withcountry music orWestern lifestyles, for example the variousWestern orRegional Mexican music styles. Western wear typically incorporates one or more of the following:Western shirts withpearl snap fasteners andvaquero design accents,blue jeans,cowboy hat, a leatherbelt, andcowboy boots.
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Grunge fashion refers to the clothing, accessories and hairstyles of thegrunge music genre. Thissubculture emerged in mid-1980sSeattle, and had reached wide popularity by the mid 1990s. Grunge fashion is characterized by durable or hardythrift store clothing, often worn in a loose, androgynous manner to de-emphasize the silhouette.[20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The style was popularized by music bandsAlice in Chains,Nirvana,Soundgarden andPearl Jam.
Heavy metal fashion is the style of dress,body modification,make-up, hairstyle, and so on, taken on by fans ofheavy metal, or, as they are often called,metalheads or headbangers. While the style has changed from the 1970s to the 2020s, certain key elements have remained constant, such as black clothes,long hair andleather jackets. In the 1980s, some bands began wearingspandex. Other attire includes denim or leather vests or jackets with band patches and logos,t-shirts with band names, and spiked wristbands. It can also include with heavier subgenres of metal: bullet belts, gas masks, and war gear.
Hip-hop fashion (also known as rap fashion) refers to the various styles ofdress that originated from UrbanBlack America and inner city youth in American cities likeNew York City,Los Angeles, andAtlanta. Being a major part ofhip-hop culture, it further developed in other cities across the United States,[27] with each contributing different elements to the overall style that is now recognized worldwide.
Mod, from the wordmodernist, is asubculture that began in late 1950s London and spread throughout Great Britain, eventually influencing fashions and trends in other countries.[28] It continues today on a smaller scale. Focused on music and fashion, the subculture has its roots in a small group of stylish London-based young men and women in the late 1950s who were termedmodernists because they listened tomodern jazz.[29]
Punk fashion is theclothing,hairstyles,cosmetics,jewellery, andbody modifications of thepunk counterculture. Punk fashion varies widely, ranging fromVivienne Westwood designs to styles modeled on bands likethe Exploited to the dressed-down look of North American hardcore. The distinct social dress of other subcultures and art movements, includingglam rock,skinheads,greasers, andmods have influenced punk fashion. Punk fashion has likewise influenced the styles of these groups, as well as those ofpopular culture. Many punks use clothing as a way of making a statement.[30]
The early, pre-fame work of designerVivienne Westwood helped pioneer the look of early British punk with her scene-establishing clothing shopsSex andSeditionaries in the mid-1970s, co-run withMalcolm McLaren who managed theSex Pistols. Westwood was asked by then-partner McLaren to outfit the Sex Pistols, and Westwood's designs found a canvas on Johnny Rotten and Sid Vicious.[31] Her early work with Sex and the Sex Pistols helped to establish her as one of the most influential British designers of the 20th century.[32]
Punk fashion has long been commercialized,[33] with well-established fashion designers likeZandra Rhodes,[34][35][36]Thierry Mugler,[37][38]Jean Paul Gaultier,[39][40]Stephen Sprouse,[41][42] andAnna Sui[43][44] using punk elements in their production and the first punk-influenced fashion spreads appearing in mainstream fashion magazines as early as 1976.[45]
...[P]unk...has inspired the huge trash cans with shoulder ropes being sold...as trendy carryalls at New York's Fiorucci.
1977: Rhodes presented a 'punk' collection of ripped, zipped and safety-pinned jersey evening dress...
The French are not the first to exploit punk fashion. British fashion designer Zandra Rhodes incorporated rips and tears and safety pins into $600 silk crepe dresses a season back [spring 1977]. Stores like Sakowitz in Houston sold them 'rather well,' according to Robert Sakowitz, the store owner.
...Zandra Rhodes, the British designer who transcribed the punk rock image into the idiom of high fashion....Zandra Rhodes...catapulted 'punk rock' to the fashion world's attention....The style is characterized by cutouts, safety pins and chains...In Miss Rhode's versions, there was not much of the aggressive, sadistic punk rock flavor.
There is punk influence at Thierry Mugler, including a punk model with fluorescent yellow hair...
At Thierry Mugler, black leather and safety-pin jewelry showed up on the runway worn by the cool, blonde [French punk icon] Edwige.
...Jean-Paul Gaultier fused the showmanship of a couture training...with the design anarchy borrowed from London's streets...
Jean Paul Gaultier...defines the neo-punk yuppies.
Stephen Sprouse...continues to manipulate...the Sixties hippie and Seventies punk influences...
Stephen Sprouse...T-shirts printed with safety pins, skulls, and barbed wire; eleven-inch micro-skirts in...camouflage patterns;...dresses covered with gold safety pins...
1976: The punk image began to be covered in ItalianVogue, which featured page after page of black clothing worn with aggressive accessories: low-slung, studded belts, leather knuckle-dusters, dog chains, and wrap-around sunglasses. Hair was dishevelled and tied with black lace ribbons.
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