Martin Creed
Born	(1968-10-21)21 October 1968 (age 57) Wakefield, England
Education	Slade School of Art atUniversity College London
Notable work	Work No. 227: The lights going on and off Work No. 1059: The Scotsman Steps Work No. 1197: All The Bells
Awards	Turner Prize (2001)
Website	http://www.martincreed.com/

Martin Creed (born 21 October 1968) is a British artist, composer and performer. He won theTurner Prize in 2001 for exhibitions during the preceding year,^[1] with the jury praising his audacity for exhibiting a single installation,Work No. 227: The lights going on and off, in the Turner Prize show.^[2] Creed lives and works in London.^[3][4]

Martin Creed was born inWakefield, England. He moved with his family toGlasgow at age 3 when his silversmith father got a job teaching there.^[5] He grew up revering art and music. His parents wereQuakers, and he was taken often to Quaker meetings.^[5] He attendedLenzie Academy,^[6] and studiedart at theSlade School of Art atUniversity College London from 1986 to 1990. Since then he has lived in London, apart from a period (2000–2004) living inAlicudi, an island off Sicily in the South of Italy. He currently lives and works back in London.^[4]

Films, installations, paintings, theatre and live-action sculptures are all characteristic of his work. Making use of whatever medium seems suitable.^[7] Since 1987 he has numbered each of his works, and most of his titles are descriptive: for exampleWork No. 79: some Blu-tack kneaded, rolled into a ball and depressed against a wall (1993) andWork No. 88, a sheet of A4 paper crumpled into a ball (1995).^[8] Creed's workWork No. 200: Half the air in a given space (1998) is a room which has half of its cubic space filled with balloons.

One of Creed's earlier works isWork No. 19: An Intrusion And A Protrusion From A Wall; an installation originally exhibited atSlade School of Fine Art in 1989, and who in the next year, still atSlade School of Fine Art, got "replaced" by an installation of mere the (almost) exact name (but with slightly different content) -Work No. 21: An Intrusion And A Protrusion From A Wall - challenging the notion of reproducibility and authenticness in art.^[9]

Work No. 916 consists of retail (empty) boxes (postage labels still applied) aligned on top of each other making a pyramid. This is part minimalism part readymade blending the two in a way reminiscing Andy Warhol'sBrillo Boxes; but where Warhol made copies Creed made use of various different boxes, so the work could be seen as yet another comment about authenticity in modern art. A metaposition is then attached as there exist different (unique) pieces of work by the same artist all looking the same, with the same disposition (or slightly altered like inWork No. 876 where the boxes form an up and down pyramid), but alas composed of other retail boxes.^[9]

Creed won the 2001Turner Prize for two exhibitions,Martin Creed Works andArt Now: Martin Creed shown across England during the preceding year.^[1] His submission for the Turner Prize show at theTate Gallery wasWork No. 227: The lights going on and off. The work was an empty room in which the lights switched on and off at 5-second intervals. This created a great deal of press attention, most of it questioning whether something asminimalist as this could be considered art at all. Nevertheless, the jury praised this work, saying they "admired the audacity in presenting a single work in the exhibition and noted its strength, rigour, wit and sensitivity to the site".^[2]

Work No. 1197: All the bells in the country rung as quickly and as loudly as possible for three minutes was commissioned to herald the start of the2012 Summer Olympics.

In 2009, he wrote and choreographedWork No. 1020: Ballet, a live performance of Creed's music, ballet, words and film, originally produced bySadler's Wells, London and performed in the Lilian Baylis Studio. In 2010,Work No. 1020: Ballet was performed at theTraverse Theatre, Edinburgh as part of theEdinburgh Festival Fringe and at The Kitchen, New York, in December 2013.Work No. 1020 was also performed in 2014 at theQueen Elizabeth Hall in connection with Creed's retrospective at theHayward Gallery, London. He designed a work forVictoria Beckham's store onDover Street inMayfair, London in 2015.^[10]

His work has often excited controversy: a visitor threw eggs at the walls of Creed's empty room as a protest against the prize, declaring that Creed's presentations were not real art and that "painting is in danger of becoming an extinct skill in this country".^[11] In recent years Creed has been exhibiting paintings in nearly every exhibition he has done (for example, Work No. 1768).^[12]

Many of his public works may be freely viewed, such asThe Scotsman Steps in Edinburgh,DON'T WORRY at St Peter's Church, Cologne, the singing lifts at The Royal Festival Hall, London and at the Centro Botin in Santander, and the huge spinning "MOTHERS" sign on a roof in Fort Worth, Texas.

Creed's works are found in museum collections worldwide, including at the Colleccion Jumex in Mexico City, andThe Lights Going On and Off at the Museum of Modern Art in New York.

Work No. 1000 consists of 1,000 hand prints made with broccoli, and exemplifies Creed's comical, child-like approach to art.^[13][14] He also frequently gives talks, and performs live with his band.

Creed'sWork No. 975, Everything is Going to be Alright, was installed on the facade of theScottish National Gallery of Modern Art in November 2009. AlthoughWork No. 975 is a unique sculpture, the phrase has been used on several related works, each assigned its own work number. Previous toWork No. 975, a red neon text appeared in New York's Times Square (Work No.225 1999, commissioned byPublic Art Fund), a thirty-metre-long version was installed in Detroit (Work No.790 2007), and another text in white neon ran the 23 metre length of the Rennie Museum's façade in Vancouver's Chinatown (Work No.851 2008).^[16] Most recently, a 46-metre multicoloured version was commissioned forChristchurch Art Gallery, in the advent of its reopening after almost five years of earthquake-related closure.^[17]In 2011, Creed was commissioned byFruitmarket Gallery to make a work as part of the restoration of the historicScotsman Steps in Edinburgh. Creed'sWork No. 1059 was subsequently installed, cladding each of the 104 steps and landings in a different type of marble.Guardian art critic Jonathan Jones called it "a generous, modest masterpiece of contemporary public art".^[18]

In 2012, Creed was the first artist to participate in the long-term programme of artist-conceived restaurants at Sketch, London. Together with a series of paintings and wall drawings, Creed specifically createdWork No. 1343 where every single piece of cutlery, glass, chair and table was different and brought together a mix of the mass-produced and hand-crafted, from classic antiques to contemporary design from all around the world.Work No. 1347, still on display at the restaurant, consists of 96 different types of marble, in a herringbone formation across the floor.

In 2019,Work No. 2950: WHATEVER was placed on the roof of a building inAuckland,New Zealand. It is a large multicolouredneon sign showing the word “WHATEVER”.^[19][20]

Creed's first band, Owada, was formed in 1994 with Adam McEwen and Keiko Owada. In 1997, they released their first CD,Nothing, onDavid Cunningham's Piano label. Sound has also featured in his gallery-based work, with pieces using doorbells, drum machines and metronomes. Since 1999 he has not used the band name "Owada". In 2000, he published a recording of his songs titledI Can't Move under his own name with the arts publisherArt Metropole, in Toronto. A solo concert in 2004 achieved the rare privilege of a zero star review inThe Guardian.

In 2010, he provided the cover art for aFuturistic Retro Champions single, while supporting its launch with an appearance with his own band withKeiko Owada on bass, Genevieve Murphy on keyboards, Ben Kane on drums and Anouchka Grose on steel guitar.[1]

Creed started his own label, Telephone Records, and released the single "Thinking/ Not Thinking" in early 2011, following it up with the single "Where You Go" in 2012. Releases accelerated in 2012, with the Double AA Side single "Fuck Off" and "Die" coming out onMoshi Moshi Records in May 2012, in advance of the albumLove To You, released on Moshi Moshi in July 2012. The album is produced by David Cunningham, Martin Creed and The Nice NIce Boys (Andrew Knowles ofJohnny Marr & The Healers andNick McCarthy ofFranz Ferdinand). The Vinyl Factory worked with Creed to produce a limited edition of the release which featured hand-painted covers by Creed. The single "You're The One For Me" came out at the same time as the album.

January 2014 saw the releaseMind Trap, an album that featured songs alongside instrumental pieces for orchestra. Creed sings and plays the instruments, supported by gospel singers Dee Alexander andYvonne Gage (who have worked with The Police, Madonna and R.Kelly) and Andy Knowles (musical credits include stints with the Fiery Furnaces & Franz Ferdinand) playing drums on If You're Lonely, You Return and Don't Tell Me. Keiko Owada plays bass on Gift Attack / Don't Won't. Co-produced by Martin with Andy Knowles, the album was recorded in London, Chicago and the Czech Republic. Nick McCarthy of Franz Ferdinand and Mark Ralph (who works with Hot Chip) provided additional production. The Chicago songs, which form the heart of the album, were recorded all-analogue at John McEntire's (Tortoise) Soma Studios. Engineered by Bill Skibbe (The Kills/Franz Ferdinand). It also includes 3 specially commissioned orchestral works:Work No. 955 was originally written for the Birmingham Symphony Orchestra,Work No. 994 was composed for the Hiroshima Symphony Orchestra andWork No. 1375 was commissioned by the London Sinfonietta. These pieces were recorded for the album by the Brno Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Mikel Toms. All lyrics and music on the album are written by Martin Creed, with the exception of the New Shutters which is Martin's arrangement of a traditional Neapolitan folk song. The album sleeve features one of Martin's paintings,Work No. 1674: Anouchka and was designed by Andy Knowles, who has recently directed videos for Franz Ferdinand and The Cribs. Martin Creed is also much loved byFranz Ferdinand - regular attendees at his gigs and co-producers on his album 'Mind Trap' - as well as Moshi Moshi label-mates Slow Club.

A new body of audiovisual work was released in late November 2015 in response to theSyrian refugee crisis. The double A-side single “Let Them In / Border Control” was made available via Telephone Records as free downloads on SoundCloud. Both songs are accompanied by videos which Creed made himself.

In July 2016, Martin Creed released a new album entitledThoughts Lined Up. The album includes the singles "Understanding" and "Princess Taxi Girl" for which accompanying videos have been released.

In an interview published in the 2002 bookArt Now: Interviews with Modern Artists, Creed explains that he used to 'make paintings' but never liked having to decide what to paint. He decided to stop making paintings and instead to think about what it meant, and why he wanted to make things. He says:

The only thing I feel like I know is that I want to make things. Other than that, I feel like I don’t know. So the problem is in trying to make something without knowing what I want. [...] I think it’s all to do withwanting to communicate. I mean, I think I want to make things because I want to communicate with people, because I want to be loved, because I want to express myself.

Creed says that he makes art works not as part of an academic exploration of 'conceptual' art, but rather from a wish to connect with people, 'wanting to communicate and wanting to say hello'. The work is therefore primarilyemotional:

To me it’s emotional. Aye. To me that’s the starting point. I mean, I do it because I want to make something. I think that’s a desire, you know, or a need. I think that I recognise that I want to make something, and so I try to make something. But then you get to thinking about it and that’s where the problems start because you can’t help thinking about it, wondering whether it’s good or bad. But to me it’s emotional more than anything else.

In 1996,Richard Long and Roger Ackling selected Creed to exhibit atEASTinternational. In the decade since winning the Turner Prize he has exhibited extensively throughout the world, including large survey shows at Trussardi Foundation, Milan ('I Like Things'),Bard College, New York ('Feelings'), and a touring exhibition which started atIkon Gallery Birmingham and toured to Hiroshima and Seoul.^[21]

The first major survey show of Creed's, 'What's the point of it?', took place at the Hayward Gallery, London, in January 2014. The exhibition included a number of his best-known works, from the installationWork No. 227 The Lights Going On and Off (2000),Work No. 293 A sheet of paper crumpled into a ball (2003), to his epic sculptureWork No. 1092 MOTHERS (2011). Coinciding with the exhibition at the Hayward, theSouthbank Centre commissioned Martin to compose a new piece for the Royal Festival Hall organ, resulting inWork No.1815, a performance alongside some of J.S Bach's greatest organ works.^[22]

Creed's largest survey show to date took place at Park Avenue Armory, New York from June - August 2016, curated by Tom Eccles and Hans-Ulrich Obrist. EntitledThe Back Door, using both the Wade Thompson Drill Hall and the historic interiors of the building, the show brought together a sequence of works from Creed's more than 20-year career.^[23]

In 2017 he had an exposition inMuseum Voorlinden in the Netherlands titledSay Cheese.^[24] In this exhibition he showed a wall with 1000 broccoli prints in various colors, he filled a room with blue balloons for walking through. In another room he showed manymetronomes were ticking at different speeds.

In 2019, the Centro Botín Centre held an exhibition calledAmigos.^[25] It ran from 6 April to 9 June and features several new installations including one put amongst some trees which surround the building.^[26]

In 2019, theMuseum of Recent Art held an exhibition calledThinking / Not Thinking. It ran from 12 February to 2 May and features several installations.

• Grosenick, Uta; Riemschneider, Burkhard, eds. (2005).Art Now (25th anniversary ed.). Köln: Taschen. pp. 68–71.ISBN 9783822840931.OCLC 191239335.

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