Luís Carlos de Lima de Almeida Braga (20 October 1890 – 27 February 1970) was aPortuguese writer and politician who has one of the leading figures within theIntegralismo Lusitano movement.
Born inBraga, Almeida Braga first came to politics whilst a student at theUniversity of Coimbra where he was active in the cause ofmonarchism.[1] Forced into exile in 1911 following a crackdown on such activity, he feld toBelgium where he continued his studies atGhent University and theUniversité libre de Bruxelles.[1] The journal that he founded,Alma Portuguesa, was an early basis for integralist development and he produced it in exile until he was amnestied in 1916.[1] Whilst in exile Almeida Braga was also involved in translatingPortuguese language literature intoFrench, including some of the works ofGil Vicente.[2]
He was involved in the failed monarchist uprising of 1919 and afterwards became, along with his close allyAlberto Monsaraz, one of the leading advocates for the claims ofDuarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza.[3] Although a prolific writer he was not a main leader of the integralist movement and spent much of the 1920s out of Portugal, notably inBrazil. Whilst there his writings found an audience and helped to bring about the development ofBrazilian Integralism.[3] As one of the group's leading thinkers he set out to convert Portugal's elite to the new, somewhatMaurrasian, political ideology, particularly focusing on the young in their quest for support.[4]
In 1932, by then settled back in Portugal, he joined withJosé Hipólito Raposo in launching the journalIntegralismo Lusitano as an attempt to redefine their older ideas in the Portugal ofAntónio de Oliveira Salazar.[3] The initiative was not a success. Unlike some former integralists Almeida Braga did not like Salazar and his last active involvement in politics saw him campaign in the1958 Presidential election for Salazar's opponentHumberto Delgado.[3]
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