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List of white dwarfs

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of exceptionalwhite dwarf stars. An extensive database of all known white dwarfs and their properties is available in theMontreal White Dwarf Database.[1]

Firsts

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These were the first white dwarfs discovered fitting these conditions

TitleStarDateDataCommentsNotesRefs
First discovered40 Eridani B1783[2][3]
First found in a binary star system
First double white dwarf systemLDS 2751944L 462-56 system[4]
First solitary white dwarfVan Maanen 21917Van Maanen's star is also the nearest solitary white dwarf[5]
First white dwarf with a planetWD B1620−262003PSR B1620-26 b (planet)This planet is a circumbinary planet, which circles both stars in thePSR B1620-26 system[6][7]
First singular white dwarf with a transiting objectWD 1145+0172015Known object is adisintegrating planetesimal, most likely an asteroid.[8]
First white dwarf that is apulsarAR Scorpii A2016The star is in abinary system with ared dwarf[9]

Extremes

[edit]

These are the white dwarfs which are currently known to fit these conditions

TitleStarDateDataCommentsNotesRefs
NearestSirius18528.6 ly (2.6 pc)Sirius B is also the second white dwarf discovered.
See also:§ Nearest
[2][3]
FarthestSN UDS10Wil progenitor201310,000,000,000lyz=1.914SN Wilson is a type-Iasupernova whose progenitor was a white dwarf[10][11][12]
OldestWD 0346+246202111.5 billion years[13]
Youngest
Highest surface temperatureRX J0439.8−68092015250,000 K (250,000 °C; 450,000 °F)This star is located in the Milky Way's galactic halo, in the field of the Large Magellanic Cloud[14][15][13]
Lowest surface temperaturePSR J2222–0137 B
WD J2147–4035		2021
2022		3,000 K (2,730 °C; 4,940 °F)
3,050 K (2,780 °C; 5,030 °F)		Binary
Single		[13][16]
Most luminousCentral star of theSkull Nebula201818,600+7,600
−11,000 L☉		[17]
Least luminousWD 0343+2471.62×10−5 L☉[18][19]
Brightest apparentSirius B18528.44 (V)
Dimmest apparent
Most massiveZTF J1901+1458[20]20201.35 M☉[20]
Least massiveCR Boötis B20220.07 M☉In a tight 24 minute binary.[21]
LargestZ Andromedae B0.17—0.36R☉[22]
SmallestHD 4979820210.0023 R☉[23]

Nearest

[edit]
10 nearest white dwarfs
StarDistanceCommentsNotesRefs
Sirius B8.58 ly (2.63 pc)Sirius B is also the second white dwarf discovered. It is part of theSirius system.[2][3][24][25]
Procyon B11.43 ly (3.50 pc)Part ofProcyon system[24][25]
van Maanen's Star14.04 ly (4.30 pc)[24][25]
GJ 44015.09 ly (4.63 pc)[24]
40 Eridani B16.25 ly (4.98 pc)Part of40 Eridani system[24][25]
Stein 2051 B18.06 ly (5.54 pc)Part ofStein 2051 system[24][25]
LP 44-11320.0 ly (6.1 pc)[25]
G 99-4420.9 ly (6.4 pc)[25]
L 97-1225.8 ly (7.9 pc)[25]
Wolf 48926.7 ly (8.2 pc)[25]

Other notable white dwarfs

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References

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  1. ^Dufour, Patrick; Blouin, Simon (March 2016)."The Montreal White Dwarf Database: A Tool for the Community".20th European White Dwarf Workshop.509: 3.arXiv:1610.00986.Bibcode:2017ASPC..509....3D.
  2. ^abcAtlas of the Universe,"The Universe within 12.5 Light Years: The Nearest Stars",Richard Powell,30 July 2006 (accessed 2010-11-01)
  3. ^abcBBC News,"Hubble finds mass of white dwarf",Christine McGourty,14 December 2005 (accessed 2010-11-01)
  4. ^W. J. Luyten (September 1944). "Note on the Double White Dwarf L 462-56 = LDS 275".Astrophysical Journal.100: 202.Bibcode:1944ApJ...100..202L.doi:10.1086/144658.
  5. ^Schatzman, Evry (1958),White Dwarfs, North Holland Publishing Company, p. 2.
  6. ^Steinn Sigurdsson; Harvey B. Richer; Brad M. Hansen; Ingrid H. Stairs; Stephen E. Thorsett (July 2003). "A Young White Dwarf Companion to Pulsar B1620-26: Evidence for Early Planet Formation".Science.301 (5630):193–196.arXiv:astro-ph/0307339.Bibcode:2003Sci...301..193S.doi:10.1126/science.1086326.PMID 12855802.S2CID 39446560.
  7. ^"Looking for planets around white dwarfs". Professor Astronomy. 20 August 2010.
  8. ^Vanderburg, Andrew (October 2015)."A disintegrating minor planet transiting a white dwarf".Nature.526 (7574):546–549.arXiv:1510.06387.Bibcode:2015Natur.526..546V.doi:10.1038/nature15527.PMID 26490620.
  9. ^Hambsch, Franz-Josef (15 August 2016)."Amateurs Help Discover Pulsing White Dwarf".Sky & Telescope. Sky and Telescope.
  10. ^Jason Major (5 April 2013)."Hubble Spots the Most Distant Supernova Ever". Discovery Channel.
  11. ^"CANDELS Finds the Most Distant Type Ia Supernova Yet Observed". Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS). 23 April 2013.
  12. ^David O. Jones; Steven A. Rodney; Adam G. Riess; Bahram Mobasher; Tomas Dahlen; Curtis McCully; Teddy F. Frederiksen; Stefano Casertano; Jens Hjorth; Charles R. Keeton; Anton Koekemoer; Louis-Gregory Strolger; Tommy G. Wiklind; Peter Challis; Or Graur; Brian Hayden; Brandon Patel; Benjamin J. Weiner; Alexei V. Filippenko; Peter Garnavich; Saurabh W. Jha; Robert P. Kirshner; Henry C. Ferguson; Norman A. Grogin; Dale Kocevski (2 April 2013). "The Discovery of the Most Distant Known Type Ia Supernova at Redshift 1.914".The Astrophysical Journal.768 (2) (published May 2013): 166.arXiv:1304.0768.Bibcode:2013ApJ...768..166J.doi:10.1088/0004-637X/768/2/166.S2CID 118890248. 166.
  13. ^abcLacki, Brian C.; Brzycki, Bryan; Croft, Steve; Czech, Daniel; DeBoer, David; DeMarines, Julia; Gajjar, Vishal; Isaacson, Howard; Lebofsky, Matt; MacMahon, David H. E.; Price, Danny C.; Sheikh, Sofia Z.; Siemion, Andrew P. V.; Drew, Jamie; Worden, S. Pete (2021-11-24)."One of Everything: The Breakthrough Listen Exotica Catalog".The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series.257 (2): 42.arXiv:2006.11304.Bibcode:2021ApJS..257...42L.doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac168a.ISSN 0067-0049.
  14. ^Universitaet Tübingen (24 November 2015)."The hottest white dwarf in the Galaxy". Science Daily.
  15. ^K. Werner; T. Rauch (29 September 2015). "Analysis of HST/COS spectra of the bare C–O stellar core H1504+65 and a high-velocity twin in the Galactic halo".Astronomy and Astrophysics.584 (published December 2015): A19.arXiv:1509.08942.Bibcode:2015A&A...584A..19W.doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527261.S2CID 118458007. A19.
  16. ^Elms, Abbigail K.; Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel; Gänsicke, Boris T.; Koester, Detlev; Hollands, Mark A.; Gentile Fusillo, Nicola Pietro; Cunningham, Tim; Apps, Kevin (2022-12-01)."Spectral analysis of ultra-cool white dwarfs polluted by planetary debris".Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.517 (3):4557–4574.arXiv:2206.05258.Bibcode:2022MNRAS.517.4557E.doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2908.ISSN 0035-8711.
  17. ^Löbling, Lisa (2018-06-01)."Sliding along the Eddington Limit—Heavy-Weight Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae".Galaxies.6 (2): 65.arXiv:1806.07279.Bibcode:2018Galax...6...65L.doi:10.3390/galaxies6020065.
  18. ^"MWDD - Tables and Charts".Montreal White Dwarf Database. Retrieved2024-12-15.
  19. ^"WD 0343+247".Montreal White Dwarf Database. Retrieved2024-12-15.
  20. ^ab"A White Dwarf Living on the Edge".California Institute of Technology. 2021-06-30. Retrieved2023-07-20.
  21. ^Boneva, Daniela (2022)."Mid-Cycle Observations of CR Boo and Estimation of the System's Parameters".Data.5 (4): 113.arXiv:2108.10421.doi:10.3390/data5040113.
  22. ^Sokoloski, J. L.; Kenyon, S. J.; Espey, B. R.; Keyes, Charles D.; McCandliss, S. R.; Kong, A. K. H.; Aufdenberg, J. P.; Filippenko, A. V.; Li, W.; Brocksopp, C.; Kaiser, Christian R.; Charles, P. A.; Rupen, M. P.; Stone, R. P. S. (2006-01-01)."ACombination Nova Outburst in Z Andromedae: Nuclear Shell Burning Triggered by a Disk Instability".The Astrophysical Journal.636 (2):1002–1019.arXiv:astro-ph/0509638.Bibcode:2006ApJ...636.1002S.doi:10.1086/498206.ISSN 0004-637X.
  23. ^Mereghetti, S.; Pintore, F.; Rauch, T.; La Palombara, N.; Esposito, P.; Geier, S.; Pelisoli, I.; Rigoselli, M.; Schaffenroth, V.; Tiengo, A. (2021)."New X-ray observations of the hot subdwarf binary HD 49798/RX J0648.0–4418".Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.504:920–925.arXiv:2104.03867.doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1004. Retrieved2023-01-08.
  24. ^abcdefDavid Taylor (2012)."White Dwarf Stars Near The Earth"(PDF).The Life and Death of Stars. Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences - Northwestern University.
  25. ^abcdefghi"White dwarfs within 10 parsecs". Sol Station. 2011. Archived fromthe original on February 15, 2005.
  26. ^Caiazzo, Ilaria; Burdge, Kevin B.; Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel; Fuller, James; Ferrario, Lilia; Gänsicke, Boris T.; Hermes, J. J.; Heyl, Jeremy; Kawka, Adela; Kulkarni, S. R.; Marsh, Thomas R.; Mróz, Przemek; Prince, Thomas A.; Richer, Harvey B.; Rodriguez, Antonio C. (2023-07-19)."A rotating white dwarf shows different compositions on its opposite faces".Nature.620 (7972):61–66.arXiv:2308.07430.Bibcode:2023Natur.620...61C.doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06171-9.ISSN 1476-4687.PMID 37468630.
  27. ^"Two-Faced Star Exposed".California Institute of Technology. 2023-07-19. Retrieved2023-07-31.

See also

[edit]
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Formation
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