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List of weapons of the Portuguese Colonial War

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Portuguese Army soldiers in the beginning of the War in Angola. Thecamouflage uniforms and theFN FALassault rifles identify them asCaçadores Especiais. At this time, the remaining Army forces still wore yellow khaki field uniforms and were mostly armed withbolt-action rifles.
Soldiers of thePAIGC raise theflag of Guinea-Bissau in 1974.

ThePortuguese Colonial War (Portuguese:Guerra Colonial), also referred to as thePortuguese Overseas War orOverseas War (Portuguese:Guerra do Ultramar) for short, was a military conflict staged during theDecolonisation of Africa that pitted the guerrilla forces of theAfrican nationalistLiberation movements of theGuinea-Bissau,Angola andMozambique overseas provinces, which were part of thePortuguese Empire, against the colonial armed and security forces loyal to the authoritarianEstado Novo regime of Portugal, between 1961 and 1975. Main combatants comprised:

An eclectic variety of weapons was used by all sides in the Portuguese Colonial War. The Portuguese Military and Security Forces serving in the African territories were equipped with Western-made weapon systems from bothWorld War I andWorld War II, mainly Portuguese, Austro-Hungarian, Danish, German, Italian, French, Canadian and British in origin, but also included more modern Portuguese, Spanish, French, British, Belgian, Dutch, West German, American and South African military hardware. During the early phase of the war, the African Liberation Movements likewise were largely equipped with WWII-vintage Western arms and munitions, though as the war went on, Soviet,Eastern Bloc and Chinese weaponry began to play a major role, particularly after 1970.[7]

Portuguese Military and Security Forces equipment

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Revolvers

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Smith & Wesson Model 49 Bodyguard .38 Special.

Received from the Portuguese Army or privately purchased, used by colonial public servants and officials as personal side-arms for self-defence.[10]

Pistols

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Submachine guns

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Pistola-metralhadora FBP m/948.
Pistola-metralhadora 9 mm m/961 UZI.

Bolt-action rifles

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Semi-automatic rifles

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  • SKS: Captured from PAIGC guerrillas and re-issued to colonial troops in Guinea-Bissau.[48]

Battle rifles

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ArmaLite AR-10 assault rifle (Portuguese model).
FN FAL assault rifle (50.00 model).

Sniper rifles

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Light machine guns

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Metralhadora ligeira 7,62 mm m/963 HK21

General-purpose machine guns

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Metralhadora 7,92 mm m/944 MG34 Borsig

Medium and Heavy machine guns

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Metralhadora pesada 12,7 mm m/955 Browning M2

Grenade systems

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Land mine systems

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Bombs and explosives

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Rocket systems

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Anti-tank rockets and Grenade launchers

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Recoilless rifles

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Mortars

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Howitzers

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Anti-aircraft guns and Autocannons

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Armoured vehicles

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Escort, transport and recovery vehicles

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Helicopters

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A Portuguese Air ForceAérospatiale Alouette III helicopter deploying paratroopers armed with 7.62mmArmaLite AR-10 rifles during an assault operation in Angola.

Aircraft

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A Portuguese Air ForceF-84G Thunderjet being loaded with ordnance at Luanda Air Base, 1960s.
PortugueseFiat G.91 fighter-bomber, deployed by thePortuguese Air Force in the theatres of Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique.
Two former Portuguese North American T-6G Texan trainers now on display on theNational Museum of Military History in Luanda, Angola, 2015.
ALockheed PV-2C Harpoons of thePortuguese Air Force, 1970s.
Portuguese Air Force Dornier Do 27.

Naval and River craft

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The large landing craft NRPAlfange supplying the garrison ofBambadinca, Portuguese Guinea, 1973.

African Liberation Movements equipment

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Pistols

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Submachine guns

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MP 40 Submachine gun
MAT-49 Submachine gun

Bolt-action rifles

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Chinese Type 53 carbine.

Semi-automatic rifles

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SKSsemi-automatic rifles were used by the guerrillas before the full introduction ofAK-47 andAKM assault rifles.

Battle rifles

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AK-47 assault rifle, widely used by the African guerrilla movements.
Vz. 58 assault rifle.

Sniper rifles

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Hungarian M/52 rifle withPU 3.5× optics
  • M/52 (Hungarian copy of the Soviet Mosin–Nagant Model 1891/30 sniper rifle)

Shotguns

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  • Canhangulo (home-made shotgun): employed early in the War in both Angola and Mozambique.

Light machine guns

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Chinese Type 53 light machine gun
RP-46 light machine gun
Vz. 52 machine gun

General-purpose machine guns

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MG 42s (second and third from left) in a training camp of theFNLA, inZaire, 1973, along with aMadsen machine gun and severalKarabiner 98ks andPattern 1914 Enfields.

Medium and Heavy machine guns

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FNLA soldiers undergoing training with aDShKM 12.7mm Heavy machine gun at a base camp inZaire, 22 August 1973.

Grenade systems

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Land mine systems

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Bombs and explosives

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Rocket and missile systems

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Anti-tank rockets and Grenade launchers

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PAIGC guerrillas armed withAKMs andType 69 RPGs manning a checkpoint in Guinea-Bissau, 1974.

Recoilless rifles

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Mortars

[edit]

Howitzers

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Anti-tank guns

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Heavy equipment used by thePAIGC, including two ZiS-2 and ZiS-3 anti-tank guns, a DShKM Heavy machine gun and a B-10 recoilless rifle, now on display at Bissau.

Anti-aircraft guns and Autocannons

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Armoured vehicles

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Transport vehicles

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GAZ-66 light truck in military service with thePAIGC liberation movement in Guinea-Bissau, 1973.

Aircraft

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Naval and River craft

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Notes

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  1. ^abcdAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 33.
  2. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 8; 12.
  3. ^Silva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), pp. 57–58.
  4. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 8–9.
  5. ^abcSilva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), p. 51.
  6. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 8–10.
  7. ^abAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 10.
  8. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 13–15.
  9. ^Silva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), p. 66.
  10. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), p. 63.
  11. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 61–63.
  12. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 80–82.
  13. ^Supica, Jim; Nahas, Richard (2007).Standard Catalog of Smith & Wesson. Iola, Wisconsin: F+W Media, Inc. pp. 141–143, 174,210–211.ISBN 978-0-89689-293-4.
  14. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), p. 82.
  15. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 100–103.
  16. ^Grant,The Luger (2018), p. 28.
  17. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 176–178.
  18. ^Walter,Walther Pistols – PP, PPK and P 38 (2022), p. 71.
  19. ^Abbott, Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 6; 17.
  20. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 134–137.
  21. ^"As Armas da 1ª Guerra Mundial".quelegalbakana.blogspot.com (in Portuguese). 5 September 2007.
  22. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 160–162.
  23. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 17; 37.
  24. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 213.
  25. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 166–168.
  26. ^Quesada,MP 38 and MP 40 Submachine Guns (2014), p. 62.
  27. ^abcPinto, Major-general Renato Fernando Marques."As Indústrias Militares e As Armas de Fogo Portáteis no Exército Português".REVISTA MILITAR. Retrieved2023-07-31.
  28. ^abAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 17–18.
  29. ^Krott, Robb (June 2000)."The Belgium Vigneron SMG: Belgium's Little Known Submachine Gun".Small Arms Review. No. V3N9.
  30. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 179–181.
  31. ^abDebay, Yves (February 1987)."Les armes de l'infanterie italienne".La Gazette des Armes (in French). No. 162. pp. 26–30. Archived fromthe original on 2018-12-14. Retrieved2018-12-10.
  32. ^Gander, Terry J. (2000)."National inventories, Portugal".Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001–2002. p. 3371.
  33. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 182–184.
  34. ^Thompson,The Sten Gun (2012), p. 74.
  35. ^Moss,The Sterling Submachine Gun (2018), p. 64.
  36. ^Bonn International Center for Conversion."Sterling L2A3".SALW Guide: Global distribution and visual identification.
  37. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 214.
  38. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 185–187.
  39. ^"PISTOLA METRALHADORA "UZI" 9 MM M/61"(PDF) (in Portuguese). Portuguese Army. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2011-08-09. Retrieved2011-02-21.
  40. ^"MPL & MPK: Walther's Cold War MP Subguns".Tactical Life Gun Magazine: Gun News and Gun Reviews. 6 October 2015.
  41. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 88–93.
  42. ^Paul, Scarlata (October 20, 2012)."The Portuguese Mod. 1904 Mauser Vergueiro".Shotgun News. RetrievedNovember 13, 2012.
  43. ^Abbott, Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 17.
  44. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 138–143.
  45. ^Reynolds, Dan,The Rifles of Portugal 1880–1980,"Port". Archived fromthe original on 2008-10-05. Retrieved2008-09-09.
  46. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 107–111.
  47. ^Out, Roger (July 2012)."Le fusil britannique Page 14".Gazette des Armes (in French). No. 444. pp. 30–36.
  48. ^Venter,Portugal's Guerrilla War: The Campaign for Africa (1973), p. 71.
  49. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 38.
  50. ^abcdeSilva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), p. 34.
  51. ^abPikula,The ArmaLite AR-10 Rifle: The Saga of the First Modern Combat Rifle (1998), pp. 75; 79–80.
  52. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 108; 177; 183–184.
  53. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 198–200.
  54. ^abcAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 17.
  55. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 358–359.
  56. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 188–191.
  57. ^abCashner,The FN FAL Battle Rifle (2013), pp. 46–47.
  58. ^Pikula,The ArmaLite AR-10 Rifle: The Saga of the First Modern Combat Rifle (1998), p. 79.
  59. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 108; 183–184; 358–359.
  60. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 192–197.
  61. ^Thompson,The G3 Battle Rifle (2019), pp. 29–31.
  62. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 196.
  63. ^Smith,Small Arms of the World (1969), p. 342.
  64. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 7.
  65. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 127–130.
  66. ^abAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 7; 18.
  67. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 144–147.
  68. ^Smith,Small Arms of the World (1969), p. 530.
  69. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 156–159.
  70. ^abcdefghijSilva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), p. 35.
  71. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 108; 178.
  72. ^Miller,The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns (2001), page unknown.
  73. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 205–208.
  74. ^Jones, Richard D.; Ness, Leland S., eds. (27 January 2009).Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010 (35th ed.). Coulsdon: Jane's Information Group.ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5
  75. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrsAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 18.
  76. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 163–165.
  77. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 178; 183–184.
  78. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 201–204.
  79. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 36.
  80. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 148–152.
  81. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 169–171.
  82. ^Telo and Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro (2004), pp. 172–175.
  83. ^abCarvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 220.
  84. ^LEXPEV."Portuguese grenades". Lexpev.nl. Retrieved2014-05-03.
  85. ^Rottman,The hand grenade (2015), p. 57.
  86. ^abAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 165.
  87. ^António de Araújo e António Duarte Silva,O uso de napalm na Guerra Colonial – quatro documentos, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (IPRI-UNL), 17 de Setembro de 2008. (in Portuguese) –[1]
  88. ^Ribeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), pp. 31; 49.
  89. ^abRibeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), p. 49.
  90. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 109; 178.
  91. ^Rottman,The Bazooka (2012), p. 71.
  92. ^abcAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 178.
  93. ^Silva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), pp. 34–35.
  94. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 173; 178.
  95. ^abcd"RPG-2".SALW Guide.
  96. ^Bonn International Center for Conversion."RPG 7".SALW Guide: Global distribution and visual identification.
  97. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), page unknown.
  98. ^abcdefRibeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), p. 51.
  99. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 209.
  100. ^Ribeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), p. 31.
  101. ^abAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 108.
  102. ^Ribeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), p. 32.
  103. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 390–392.
  104. ^Ribeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), pp. 50; 143.
  105. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 104–105; 143; 390–392.
  106. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 390–392.
  107. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 390–392.
  108. ^abRibeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), p. 50.
  109. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 390–392.
  110. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 390–392.
  111. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 390–392.
  112. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 402.
  113. ^Borges,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. II – Armamento de Artilharia antiaérea (2007), pp. 35–38; 41; 80–82.
  114. ^abFontanellaz, Cooper & Matos,War of Intervention in Angola, Volume 3: Angolan and Cuban Air Forces, 1975–1985 (2020), p. 25.
  115. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 215.
  116. ^Borges,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. II – Armamento de Artilharia antiaérea (2007), pp. 75–77.
  117. ^Borges,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. II – Armamento de Artilharia antiaérea (2007), pp. 37–38; 70–74.
  118. ^Borges,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. II – Armamento de Artilharia antiaérea (2007), pp. 37–40; 67–69.
  119. ^Ribeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), pp. 53–55.
  120. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 386–389.
  121. ^Gonçalves,Odissea em África – Os M5A1 em Angola (2010), pp. 83–91.
  122. ^abDunstan,Panhard Armoured Car: 1961 Onwards (AML 60, AML 90, Eland), Enthusiasts' Manual (2019), p. 124.
  123. ^abcdeRibeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), p. 53.
  124. ^Dunstan,Panhard Armoured Car: 1961 Onwards (AML 60, AML 90, Eland), Enthusiasts' Manual (2019), p. 123.
  125. ^abCoutinho, Pereira (May–August 2012)."Exército Português Auto-Metralhadoras"(PDF).Revista da Cavalaria.3 (27):6–10. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on December 20, 2014.
  126. ^Ribeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), pp. 52–53.
  127. ^abDunstan,Panhard Armoured Car: 1961 Onwards (AML 60, AML 90, Eland), Enthusiasts' Manual (2019), pp. 122–124.
  128. ^Ribeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), pp. 52–53; 55.
  129. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 386–389.
  130. ^Ribeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), pp. 53–54.
  131. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 386–389.
  132. ^abcDunstan,Panhard Armoured Car: 1961 Onwards (AML 60, AML 90, Eland), Enthusiasts' Manual (2019), pp. 123–125; 154.
  133. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 386–389.
  134. ^abDunstan,Panhard Armoured Car: 1961 Onwards (AML 60, AML 90, Eland), Enthusiasts' Manual (2019), pp. 27; 123–125.
  135. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 386–389.
  136. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 386–389.
  137. ^Ribeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I) (2000), pp. 50; 53.
  138. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 386–389.
  139. ^Dunstan,Panhard Armoured Car: 1961 Onwards (AML 60, AML 90, Eland), Enthusiasts' Manual (2019), pp. 123–124.
  140. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 386–389.
  141. ^Monteiro,Berliet, Chaimite e UMM – Os Grandes Veículos Militares Nacionais (2018), pp. 41–43; 106–113.
  142. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 125.
  143. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 18.
  144. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 18.
  145. ^Monteiro,Berliet, Chaimite e UMM – Os Grandes Veículos Militares Nacionais (2018), p. 103.
  146. ^Monteiro,Berliet, Chaimite e UMM – Os Grandes Veículos Militares Nacionais (2018), p. 103.
  147. ^Monteiro,Berliet, Chaimite e UMM – Os Grandes Veículos Militares Nacionais (2018), p. 103.
  148. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 19.
  149. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 18.
  150. ^Monteiro,Berliet, Chaimite e UMM – Os Grandes Veículos Militares Nacionais (2018), pp. 11–17.
  151. ^Monteiro,Berliet, Chaimite e UMM – Os Grandes Veículos Militares Nacionais (2018), pp. 11–17; 96–103.
  152. ^Monteiro,Berliet, Chaimite e UMM – Os Grandes Veículos Militares Nacionais (2018), pp. 11–17; 96–103.
  153. ^Monteiro,Berliet, Chaimite e UMM – Os Grandes Veículos Militares Nacionais (2018), pp. 11–17; 96–103.
  154. ^abGunston,An Illustrated Guide to Military Helicopters (1981), p. 82.
  155. ^Silva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), p. 70.
  156. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 25; 72.
  157. ^abcAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 24; 33.
  158. ^Silva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), p. 67.
  159. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 25; 98.
  160. ^Gunston,An Illustrated Guide to Military Helicopters (1981), p. 90.
  161. ^abcdefghijkAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 24.
  162. ^Silva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), p. 55.
  163. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 79.
  164. ^Canongia Lopes, "Portugal's Fighting Thunderjets" (1986), pp. 43–44; 50–54.
  165. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 24; 35.
  166. ^Silva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), p. 61.
  167. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 36.
  168. ^Willis, "Warplane Classic: Republic F-84 Thunderjet, Thunderstreak and Thunderflash" (2008), pp. 152; 164.
  169. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 24; 37.
  170. ^Canongia Lopes, "Portugal's Ginas" (1988), pp. 64; 66–71.
  171. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 24; 38.
  172. ^abAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 98.
  173. ^Niccoli, "Fiat G.91, NATO's Lightweight Fighter" (2002), pp. 174; 181.
  174. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 25; 36; 168.
  175. ^Mesko and Greer,A-26 Invader in action (1993), p. 45.
  176. ^Hagedorn and Hellström,Foreign Invaders, the Douglas Invader in Foreign Military and US Clandestine Service (1994), pages unknown.
  177. ^Portuguese Military Aviation – The Douglas B-26B/B-26C Invader.
  178. ^Davis, Greer and Manley,T-6 Texan in action (1999), pp. 55–56.
  179. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 25; 72; 98.
  180. ^abCanongia Lopes,High Winged Workhorses: Broussards and Dorniers in Portuguese Service (1998), p. 44.
  181. ^abAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 25; 36; 98.
  182. ^Niccoli,Portuguese Numerology: Serial systems used by the Aeronautica Militar and the Força Aerea Portuguesa (1998), p. 38.
  183. ^Canongia Lopes,High Winged Workhorses: Broussards and Dorniers in Portuguese Service (1998), pp. 41–42.
  184. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 25.
  185. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 25; 36.
  186. ^abSilva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), p. 27.
  187. ^Silva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), p. 37.
  188. ^Lopes,West Germany and the Portuguese Dictatorship, 1968–1974 (2014), pp. 81–82.
  189. ^Fontanellaz, Cooper & Matos,War of Intervention in Angola, Volume 3: Angolan and Cuban Air Forces, 1975–1985 (2020), pp. 10–12.
  190. ^Eastwood and Roach,Piston Engine Airliner Production List (1991), p. 158.
  191. ^abcAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 171.
  192. ^Eastwood and Roach,Piston Engine Airliner Production List (1991), pp. 169–199.
  193. ^abcdefgAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 158–161.
  194. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 42.
  195. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 159.
  196. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 251.
  197. ^abCarvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 196.
  198. ^"Stechkin APS (Automatic Pistol Stechkin) Selective-Fire Service Pistol / Machine Pistol".Archived from the original on 29 January 2018. Retrieved29 January 2018.
  199. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 187.
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  201. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 185.
  202. ^abcAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 252.
  203. ^abcdeAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 12.
  204. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 178.
  205. ^abcAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 14.
  206. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 183.
  207. ^Fitzsimmons,Mercenaries in Asymmetric Conflicts (2013), p. 155.
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  209. ^Gander, Terry J. (2000)."National inventories, Angola".Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001–2002. p. 447.
  210. ^Fitzsimmons,Mercenaries in Asymmetric Conflicts (2013), pp. 155–156.
  211. ^Bonn International Center for Conversion."Sterling L2A3".SALW Guide: Global distribution and visual identification.
  212. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 154; 252.
  213. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 176.
  214. ^McNab,Soviet Submachine Guns of World War II: PPD-40, PPSh-41 and PPS (2014), p. 73.
  215. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 154.
  216. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136–137; 252.
  217. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 186.
  218. ^Popenker, Maxim (27 October 2010)."Sa. 23".Modern Firearms.
  219. ^abAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 136.
  220. ^Storkmann,Geheime Solidarität: Militärbeziehungen und Militärhilfen der DDR in die "Dritte Welt" (2012), p. 246.
  221. ^abAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 43.
  222. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 251.
  223. ^abAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 9; 12; 43.
  224. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 140; 154; 251.
  225. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 175.
  226. ^George,The Cuban intervention in Angola (2005), p. 65.
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  228. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 174.
  229. ^Rottman,The AK-47 Kalashnikov-series assault rifles (2011), p. 78.
  230. ^"Czechpoint – History of the Sa vz. 58 – History of the Sa vz. 58 rifle". Czechpoint-usa.com.Archived from the original on 2011-07-06. Retrieved2010-09-04.
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  232. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 177.
  233. ^abAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 46.
  234. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 392.
  235. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 100; 253.
  236. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 192.
  237. ^José Matos,A guerra das antiaéreas na Guiné (1965/1970), Revista Militar 2601 - Outubro de 2018.
  238. ^José Matos,A guerra das antiaéreas na Guiné (1965/1970), Revista Militar 2601 - Outubro de 2018.
  239. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 191.
  240. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 312.
  241. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 312.
  242. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961-1974 (2000), p. 191.
  243. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 312.
  244. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 313.
  245. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 313.
  246. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 313.
  247. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961-1974 (2000), pp. 189; 191.
  248. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 308; 313; 315.
  249. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961-1974 (2000), p. 189.
  250. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 136.
  251. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 136; 312.
  252. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 308.
  253. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 308.
  254. ^Carvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961-1974 (2000), p. 192.
  255. ^abAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 13; 15.
  256. ^Silva Machado and Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993 (1992), p. 63.
  257. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 110; 257; 392.
  258. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 156; 185; 255.
  259. ^Borges,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. II – Armamento de Artilharia antiaérea (2007), pp. 39–40.
  260. ^abAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 15; 46.
  261. ^abcCarvalho,Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974 (2000), p. 190.
  262. ^José Matos,A guerra das antiaéreas na Guiné (1965/1970), Revista Militar 2601 - Outubro de 2018.
  263. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 154.
  264. ^abcAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 256.
  265. ^abAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 109; 256.
  266. ^Bonn International Center for Conversion."RPG 7".SALW Guide: Global distribution and visual identification.
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  268. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), pp. 12; 15.
  269. ^abcdeAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 99.
  270. ^Fitzsimmons,Mercenaries in Asymmetric Conflicts (2013), p. 139.
  271. ^abAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 140; 257; 392.
  272. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 108; 136; 257; 392.
  273. ^Abbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 15.
  274. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 109–110; 257.
  275. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), p. 110.
  276. ^José Matos,A guerra das antiaéreas na Guiné (1965/1970), Revista Militar 2601 - Outubro de 2018.
  277. ^Afonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 99; 110.
  278. ^abcBorges,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. II – Armamento de Artilharia antiaérea (2007), p. 39.
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  284. ^abAbbott, Ribeiro Rodrigues and Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74 (1988), p. 13.
  285. ^abcAfonso and Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique (2000), pp. 99; 259.
  286. ^Zaloga, Kinnear and Sarson,T-34-85 Medium Tank 1944–94 (1996), p. 40.
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  290. ^Borges,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. II – Armamento de Artilharia antiaérea (2007), p. 40.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Adrien Fontanellaz, Tom Cooper & Jose Augusto Matos,War of Intervention in Angola, Volume 3: Angolan and Cuban Air Forces, 1975–1985, Helion & Company Publishing, Warwick, UK 2020.ISBN 978-1-913118-61-7
  • André Garcez and Alexandre Coutinho,50 Anos – Alouette III na Força Aérea, Contra a Corrente, Lda., Lisbon 2013.ISBN 9789899728387 (in Portuguese)
  • António José Telo and Mário Álvares,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. I – Armamento ligeiro, Prefácio, Lisbon 2004.ISBN 972-8816-43-X (in Portuguese)
  • Aniceto Afonso and Carlos de Matos Gomes,Guerra Colonial: Angola – Guiné – Moçambique, Editorial Notícias, Lisbon 2000.ISBN 972-46-1192-2 (in Portuguese)
  • Alexandre Coutinho and Luís Viegas,Land Rover em Portugal: A História de um Ícone – Do Series I ao Defender, Contra a Corrente, Lda., Lisboa 2017.ISBN 9789899901247 (in Portuguese)
  • Alexandre Gonçalves,Odissea em África – Os M5A1 em Angola, inCadernos Militares do Lanceiro No 3, Ano II, Lisbon 2010. (no ISBN) (in Portuguese)
  • Alejandro de Quesada,MP 38 and MP 40 Submachine Guns, Weapon series 31, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2014.ISBN 978 1 78096 388 4
  • Al J. Venter,Portugal's Guerrilla War: The Campaign for Africa, J. Malherbe EDMS BPK, Cape Town (South Africa) 1973.ISBN 978-0869660478
  • Al J. Venter,Portugal's Guerrilla Wars in Africa – Lisbon's Three Wars in Angola, Mozambique and Portuguese Guinea 1961–1974, Helion & Company Limited, Solihull UK 2013.ISBN 978 1 909384 57 6
  • Al J. Venter,The last of Africa's Cold War Conflicts – Portuguese Guinea and its Guerrilla Insurgency, Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley, South Yorkshire 2020.ISBN 978 1 52677 298 5
  • Bill Gunston,An Illustrated Guide to Military Helicopters, Salamander Books Ltd, London 1981.ISBN 978-0861011100
  • Bob Cashner,The FN FAL Battle Rifle, Weapon series 27, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2013.ISBN 978 1 78096 903 9
  • Chris McNab,Soviet Submachine Guns of World War II: PPD-40, PPSh-41 and PPS, Weapon series 33, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2014.ISBN 9781782007944
  • David Miller,The Illustrated Directory of 20th Century Guns, Salamander Books Ltd., London 2001.ISBN 1-84065-245-4
  • David Willis, "Warplane Classic: Republic F-84 Thunderjet, Thunderstreak and Thunderflash",International Air Power Review, Volume 24, 2008, pp. 132–165.ISSN 1473-9917
  • Dan Hagedorn and Leif Hellström,Foreign Invaders, the Douglas Invader in Foreign Military and US Clandestine Service, Midland Publishing, Earl Shilton, Leicester, UK 1994.ISBN 1-85780-013-3
  • Edward George,The Cuban intervention in Angola, Frank Cass Publishers, New York 2005.ISBN 978-0415647106
  • Gordon L. Rottman,The Rocket-propelled Grenade, Weapon series 2, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2010.ISBN 978 1 84908 153 5
  • Gordon L. Rottman,The AK-47 Kalashnikov-series assault rifles, Weapon series 8, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2011.ISBN 978-1-84908-461-1
  • Gordon L. Rottman,The Bazooka, Weapon series 18, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2012.ISBN 978 1 84908 801 5
  • Gordon L. Rottman,The hand grenade, Weapon series 38, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2015.ISBN 978-1-4728-0734-2
  • Klaus P. Storkmann,Geheime Solidarität: Militärbeziehungen und Militärhilfen der DDR in die "Dritte Welt", Ch. Links Verlag GmbH. 2012.ISBN 978-3-86153-676-5 (in German)
  • Jim Mesko and Don Greer,A-26 Invader in action, Aircraft Number 134, Squadron/Signal Publications, Inc., Carrollton, Texas 1993.ISBN 0-89747-296-9
  • João Pedro Gomes Timóteo,Portuguese Military Procurement During the Colonial War (1961-1974), Mestrado em História Moderna e Contemporânea, ISCTE-IUL, Setembro 2020. –[2]
  • João Vieira Borges,Armamento do Exército Português Vol. II – Armamento de Artilharia antiaérea, Prefácio, Lisbon 2007.ISBN 978-989-8022-30-1 (in Portuguese)
  • John P. Cann,Counterinsurgency in Africa – The Portuguese Way of War, 1961–1974, Helion Studies in Military History Number 12, Helion & Company Limited, Solihull UK 2012.ISBN 978-1-907677-73-1
  • John P. Cann,The Flechas – Insurgent Hunting in Eastern Angola, 1965–1974, Africa@War Volume 11, Helion & Company Limited, Solihull UK 2013.ISBN 978-1-909384-63-7
  • John P. Cann,Brown waters of Africa – Portuguese riverine warfare, 1961–1974, Helion Studies in Military History Number 17, Helion & Company Limited, Solihull UK 2013.ISBN 978-1-908916-56-3
  • John P. Cann,Flight Plan Africa – Portuguese airpower in counterinsurgency, 1961–1974, Wolverhampton Military Studies No.7, Helion & Company Limited, Solihull UK 2015.ISBN 978 1 909982 06 2
  • John P. Cann,Portuguese Commandos – Feared Insurgent Hunters, 1961-1974, Africa@War Volume 27, Helion & Company Limited, Solihull UK 2016.ISBN 978-1-911096-32-0
  • John P. Cann,The Paras – Portugal's First Elite Force, Africa@War Volume 28, Helion & Company Limited, Solihull UK 2016.ISBN 978-1-911512-48-6
  • John P. Cann,Portuguese Dragoons, 1966–1974: The Return To Horseback, Africa@War Volume 42, Helion & Company Limited, Solihull UK 2019.ISBN 978-1-915113-18-4
  • John Walter,Walther Pistols – PP, PPK and P 38, Weapon series 82, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2022.ISBN 9781472850843
  • José Augusto Matos,Mar Verde – The Portuguese Amphibious Assault on Conakry, 1970, Africa@War Volume 55, Helion & Company Limited, Solihull UK 2021.ISBN 978-1-804510-60-5
  • José Ortiz,Angola from the trenches, International Organization of Journalists, Prague 1984.OCLC 22657439
  • Joseph E. Smith,Small Arms of the World (11th edition), The Stackpole Company, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 1969.ISBN 9780811715669 –[3]
  • Scott Fitzsimmons,Mercenaries in Asymmetric Conflicts, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2013.ISBN 978-1107-02691-9
  • Steven J. Zaloga, Jim Kinnear and Peter Sarson,T-34-85 Medium Tank 1944–94, New Vanguard series 20, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 1996.ISBN 1 85532 535 7
  • Simon Dunstan,Panhard Armoured Car: 1961 Onwards (AML 60, AML 90, Eland), Enthusiasts' Manual, Haynes Publishing UK, Somerset 2019.ISBN 978-1-78521-194-2
  • Tenente Coronel Manuel Jorge Pereira de Carvalho (direcção),Testemunhos de Guerra: Angola, Guiné e Moçambique 1961–1974, Liga dos Amigos do Museu Militar do Porto, Porto 2000. (no ISBN) (in Portuguese)
  • Tony Eastwood and John Roach,Piston Engine Airliner Production List, The Aviation Hobby Shop, London 1991.ISBN 0-907178-37-5
  • Larry Davis, Don Greer and Perry Manley,T-6 Texan in action, Aircraft No. 94, Squadron/Signal Publications, Inc., Carrollton, Texas 1999.ISBN 0-89747-224-1
  • Leroy Thompson,The Sten Gun, Weapon series 22, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2012.ISBN 978 1 84908 759 9
  • Leroy Thompson,The G3 Battle Rifle, Weapon series 68, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2019.ISBN 9781472828620
  • Rui Lopes,West Germany and the Portuguese Dictatorship, 1968–1974: Between Cold War and Colonialism, Security, Conflict and Cooperation in the Contemporary World book series (SCCCW), Palgrave Macmillan, London 2014.ISBN 978-1137402066
  • Riccardo Niccoli,Portuguese Numerology: Serial systems used by the Aeronautica Militar and the Força Aerea Portuguesa,Air Enthusiast, No. 75, May–June 1998.ISSN 0143-5450
  • Riccardo Niccoli, "Fiat G.91, NATO's Lightweight Fighter",International Air Power Review, Volume 7, Winter 2002.ISSN 1473-9917
  • Mario Canongia Lopes, "Portugal's Fighting Thunderjets",Air Enthusiast, No. 31, July–November 1986, pp. 43–54.ISSN 0143-5450
  • Mario Canongia Lopes, "Portugal's Ginas",Air Enthusiast, No. 36, May–August 1988, pp. 61–72.ISSN 0143-5450
  • Mario Canongia Lopes,High Winged Workhorses: Broussards and Dorniers in Portuguese Service,Air Enthusiast, No. 75, May–June 1998.ISSN 0143-5450
  • Major Sam Pikula,The ArmaLite AR-10 Rifle: The Saga of the First Modern Combat Rifle, Regnum Fund Press 1998.ISBN 9986-494-38-9
  • Manuel A. Ribeiro Rodrigues,The Overseas Campaigns 1961–1974 – Guinea-Angola-Mozambique – Army (I), Edições Destarte Lda., Lisbon 2000.ISBN 972-8496-14-1 (Bi-lingual edition)
  • Manuel António Gabriel da Silva Machado and António Eleutério Sucena do Carmo,Tropas Pára-quedistas Portuguesas 1956–1993, Revista BOINA VERDE, 1st edition 1991 (authors' 2nd edition, 1992). (no ISBN) (in Portuguese)
  • Matthew M. Hurley and José Augusto Matos,Sanctuary lost: Portugal's air war for Guinea, 1961–1974 – volume 1: outbreak and escalation (1961–1966), Africa@War Volume 59, Helion & Company Limited, Warwick UK 2022.ISBN 978-1-80451-251-7
  • Matthew Moss,The Sterling Submachine Gun, Weapon series 65, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2018.ISBN 9781472828088
  • Neil Grant,The Luger, Weapon series 64, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2018.ISBN 9781472819734
  • Pedro Manuel Monteiro,Berliet, Chaimite e UMM – Os Grandes Veículos Militares Nacionais, Contra a Corrente, Lda., Lisbon 2018.ISBN 9789899901261 (in Portuguese)
  • Peter Abbott, Manuel Ribeiro Rodrigues and Ron Volstad,Modern African Wars (2): Angola and Mozambique 1961–74, Men-at-Arms series 202, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1988.ISBN 0-85045-843-9

External links

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