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List of wars involving India

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the list of wars and conflicts involving theBritish Raj as well as modernIndia. For the list of wars and conflicts took place in theIndian subcontinent before 1858, seeList of wars in the Indian subcontinent.

This is a list ofmilitary operations conducted by theBritish Indian Empire (1858–1947) and thepost-independence Dominion of India (1947–1950) and the modernRepublic of India (since 1950), includingtotal wars,limited operations, andcounter-insurgency missions both domestically and abroad.

British Indian Empire (1858–1947)

Main article:British Raj
  British Indian victory
  Another result*
  British Indian defeat

*e.g.settlement, withdrawal of troops, ceasefire or inconclusive

ConflictIndia and AlliesOpponent(s)Result, casualties, and losses of India and Opponent(s)
Second Opium War
(1856–1860)
United Kingdom

France

ChinaVictory
Ambela Campaign
(1863–1864)
 IndiaAfghanPashtunsDefeat
  • Failure to subdue Afghan tribal area
  • Forced British withdrawal fromBuner
Bhutan War
(1864–1865)
 IndiaBhutanVictory
  • Bhutanese territorial cessions to India.
British Expedition to Abyssinia
(1867–1868)
United KingdomUnited KingdomEthiopian EmpireVictory
  • British victory at the Battle of Magdala, Theodore II commits suicide.
Second Anglo-Afghan War
(1878–1880)
United KingdomUnited KingdomAfghanistanVictory
  • Treaty of Gandamak, British objectives attained.
  • Afghanistan's tribal frontier areas annexed into British India.
  • Afghanistan becomes a British Protectorate.
Mahdist War
(1881–1899)
Congo Free State
United KingdomUnited Kingdom

EgyptEgypt
Ethiopia

Mahdist SudanVictory
Anglo-Egyptian War
(1882)
United KingdomUnited Kingdom

Tewfik Pasha

Ahmed OrabiVictory
Third Anglo-Burmese War
(1885)
 IndiaBurmese EmpireVictory
  • The province of Burma became part ofIndia.
Third Black Mountain Expedition
(1888)
 IndiaYousafzaiVictory
  • Allaiwal village of Pokal occupied and destroyed.
Sikkim Expedition
(1888)
 IndiaTibetTibetVictory
  • Tibetan forces expelled fromSikkim.
Hunza-Nagar Campaign
(1891)
 IndiaHunza
Nagar
Victory
Chitral Expedition
(1895)
 IndiaChitralisBajouri and Afghan TribesmenVictory
  • Fort of Chitral relieved.
Anglo-Zanzibar War
(1896)
 BritainZanzibar SultanateVictory
Tochi Expedition
(1896)
 IndiaWaziriVictory
  • Rebellion put down.
Siege of Malakand
(1897)
 IndiaپشتونPashtun tribesVictory
  • Rebellion defeated
First Mohmand Campaign
(1897–1898)
 IndiaMohmandVictory
Tirah Campaign
(1897–1898)
 IndiaAfridi
Orakzai
Tsamkani
Victory
  • Negotiations for peace were then begun with the Afridis.
Boxer Rebellion
(1899–1901)
Empire of JapanEmpire of Japan
Russian EmpireRussia
British EmpireUnited Kingdom

FranceFrance
United States
German EmpireGermany
Austria-Hungary
Kingdom of ItalyItaly

Yihetuan Movement
China
Victory
  • The rebellion was suppressed.
  • Signing of theBoxer Protocol.
  • Provisions for foreign troops to be stationed inBeijing.
Second Boer War
(1899–1902)
United KingdomOrange Free State
South African Republic
Victory
British expedition to Tibet
(1903–1904)
 India TibetVictory
Bambatha Rebellion
(1906)
United KingdomUnited KingdomZulu peopleVictory
  • Rebellion suppressed
Bazar Valley Campaign
(1908)
 IndiaZakka Khel clan of theAfridiVictory
  • Rebellion suppressed
World War I
(1914–1918)
 France
British EmpireUnited Kingdom

RussiaRussia
 Italy
 United States
 Serbia
 Montenegro
 Belgium
 Japan
 Romania
 Portugal
Hejaz
Beiyang governmentChina
 Greece
Brazil
Kingdom of Nepal

 Germany
 Austria-Hungary
 Ottoman Empire
 Bulgaria
Victory
Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
(1918–1920)
Russian EmpireWhite Movement
United KingdomBritish Empire

 Japan
Czechoslovakia
 Greece
 Poland
United States
FranceFrance
 Romania
 Serbia
 Italy
Beiyang governmentChina

Russian SFSR
Far Eastern Republic
Latvian SSR
Ukrainian SSR
Commune of Estonia
Mongolian communists
Withdrawal
  • Allied withdrawal from Russia.
  • Bolshevik victory overWhite Army.
Turkish War of Independence
(1919–1923)
 Greece

French Third RepublicFrance

ArmeniaArmenia
United KingdomUnited Kingdom

Ottoman EmpireIstanbul Government

Kingdom of ItalyItaly
Georgia

Ankara Government

Kuva-yi Milliye

Defeat[1]
Third Anglo-Afghan War
(1919)
United KingdomUnited KingdomAfghanistanArmistice
  • Treaty of Rawalpindi
  • Afghan invasion repelled.
  • Afghanistan regains control of external affairs.
  • Reaffirmation of the Durand Line.
First Waziristan Campaign
(1919)
 IndiaWaziristanVictory
  • Suppression of insurrection by independent Wazir tribes.
Kuwait–Najd War
(1919–1920)
British EmpireUnited Kingdom

Kuwait

Sultanate of NejdVictory
  • Ikhawan retreat.
Iraqi revolt
(1920)
United KingdomUnited KingdomIraqi rebelsVictory
Malabar rebellion
(1921)
 IndiaMappila MuslimsVictory
  • Rebellion suppressed.
Pink's War
(1925)
 IndiaMahsud tribesmenVictory
  • Tribal leaders accept terms.
Second Mohmand Campaign
(1935)
 IndiaMohmandVictory
Second Waziristan Campaign
(1936–1939)
 IndiaWaziri tribesmenVictory
  • Suppression of insurrection by independent Wazir tribes.
World War II
(1939–1945)
AlliesAxisVictory
Indonesian National Revolution
(1945–1947)
NetherlandsNetherlands
United KingdomUnited Kingdom
IndonesiaIndonesia
  • British Indian withdrawal after Indian independence in 1947.
  • Independent India's entry into the revolution.
  • TheNetherlands recognises Indonesian independence.
Operation Masterdom
(1945–1946)
United KingdomUnited Kingdom

FranceFrance
JapanJapan

Viet MinhVictory

Independent India (1947–present)

See also:History of India (1947–present),Dominion of India, andRepublic of India

Key—

  Indian victory
  Another result*
  Indian defeat
  Ongoing conflict

*e.g.settlement, withdrawal of troops, ceasefire or inconclusive

ConflictIndia and AlliesOpponent(s)Result, casualties, and losses of India and Opponent(s)
Indo-Pakistani War
(1947–1948)

Location:
Kashmir


Dominion of India

Jammu & Kashmir

Dominion of PakistanCeasefire
Casualties and losses
    • 1,103–1,500 Indian Army personnel killed; 3,154–3,500 wounded.
    • 1,990 Jammu & Kashmir state forces killed or missing.

    Total military casualties: ~6,000–7,000
    • 1,000 Pakistani troops killed.
    • 5,000 tribesmen and Kashmiri rebels killed.
    • ~14,000 Pakistani troops, tribesmen and Kashmiri rebels wounded.

    Total military casualties:
    ~20,000

Annexation of Junagadh
(1948)

Location:
Junagadh


Dominion of IndiaState of JunagadhIndian victory
Casualties and losses

  • Unknown

Annexation of Hyderabad
(1948)

Location:
Hyderabad


Dominion of IndiaState of HyderabadIndian victory
Casualties and losses
    • <10 Indian Army personnel killed.

    • 807 Hyderabad State forces killed; 1,647 captured.
    • 1,373Razakars killed; 1,911 captured.

Insurgency in Northeast India
(1954-Present)

Location(s):
Nagaland,Assam,Manipur,Mizoram,Tripura
India
Supported by:
Separatist group(s) from Manipur:
Separatist group(s) from Assam:
Separatist group from Nagaland :
Separatist group from Arunachal Pradesh:

Trans-national separatist group:
Kuki National Army


State Supporter:
China (claimed by India)
Myanmar(until 2018)
Bhutan (until 2003)


Non-State Supporter:
CPI (Maoist)


Ongoing
Congo Crisis
(1960-65)

Location:
Congo
First Phase(1960–1963):

Democratic Republic of the CongoRepublic of the Congo
Supported by:

Soviet Union(1960)



Second Phase(1963–1965):

Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congo
Supported by:

United States
Belgium

First Phase(1960–1963):

State of Katanga
South Kasai
Supported by:
Belgium

Democratic Republic of the CongoFree Republic of the Congo
Supported by:
Soviet Union(post-19601962)


Second Phase(1963–1965):

Simba rebels
Kwilu rebels
Supported by:
Victory
Annexation of Goa
(1961)

Location(s):
Portuguese India(Goa, Daman and Diu)
Arabian Sea


 India PortugalVictory
Casualties and losses
  • *22 Indian soldiers killed,225 wounded
    • 30 Portuguese soldiers killed, 57 wounded.
    • 4,668 Portuguese soldiers captured.
    • 1 sloop lost, 1 patrol boat sunk.

China-India War
(1962)

Location(s):
Aksai Chin
North-East Frontier Agency
Assam


 India ChinaDefeat
Indo-Pakistani War
(1965)

Location(s):

Kashmir,Punjab,Rajasthan,
Bengal,Arabian Sea

 India Pakistan Inconclusive
Naxalite–Maoist insurgency
(1967-Present)

Location:
India
India
Supported by: (until 2011)
Supported by:
Ongoing
Nathu La and Cho La Conflict
(1967)

Location:
Sikkim


IndiaChinaVictory
1971 JVP insurrection
(1971)

Location:
Ceylon
Dominion of CeylonCeylon
Supported by:
JVP
Supported by:

Diplomatic support:

South Yemen

Victory
  • Rebel forces surrender
  • Ceylonese government reestablishes control over entire island
Indo-Pakistani War
(1971)
part of theBangladesh Liberation War

Location(s):
East Pakistan,Bay of Bangal
Jammu and Kashmir,Punjab,Rajasthan,Gujrat,Arabian Sea


 India
BangladeshBangladesh

Supported by:
Soviet Union

 Pakistan

Supported by:
United States
United Kingdom
China
Iran
Ceylon
Saudi Arabia

Victory
Siachen conflict
(1984-2003)

Location:
Siachen Glacier
 India PakistanVictory
Insurgency in Punjab
(1984-1995)

Location:
Punjab


India

Khalistani militants
Supported by:
 Pakistan

Victory
  • Militancy defeated
The Second JVP insurrection
(1987-89)

Location:
Sri Lanka
Sri LankaSri Lanka
IndiaIndia
Janatha Vimukthi PeramunaVictory
  • Emergency conditions in South-western and Central provinces ofSri Lanka lifted
  • Insurgency declined following the fall of theEastern bloc
Indian intervention in the Sri Lankan Civil War
(1987-1990)

Location:
Sri Lanka


 India
 Sri Lanka
Liberation Tigers of Tamil EelamWithdrawal
Maldivian Anti-Coup Mission
(1988)

Location:
Maldives


 India
MaldivesMaldives
PLOTE
Maldives Maldivian rebels
Victory
  • Restoration of government rule inMaldives
Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir
(1989-Present)

Location:
Jammu and Kashmir

India


Supported by:
Pakistan
D-Company




Ongoing
United Nations Operation in Somalia II
(1993–1995)
The part ofSomali Civil War

Location:

Somalia

SomaliaSomali National Alliance
Al-Itihaad al-Islamiya
SomaliaSomali National Front
UNOSOM II failure
Kargil War
(1999)

Location(s):
Ladakh,Jammu and Kashmir


India

Pakistan


Indian victory

Operation Ocean Shield
(2009-2016)

Location(s):
Indian Ocean,Gulf of Aden,Guardafui Channel,Arabian Sea,Red Sea



Non-NATO:
India


Somali pirates

Allied victory

China–India skirmishes
(2020-21)

Location:
Ladakh


IndiaChina

Stalemate

  • 2,000 km2 of India-claimed territory was estimated to have been taken over by China since May 2020.
India-Pakistan conflict
(2025)

Location(s):
India,Pakistan


IndiaPakistanCeasefire

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^Chester Neal Tate,Governments of the world: a global guide to citizens' rights and responsibilities, Macmillan Reference USA/Thomson Gale, 2006,p. 205.
  2. ^"Are India's plans to celebrate 1965 war 'victory' in 'bad taste'?". Geeta Pandey.BBC News. Retrieved13 August 2015.
  3. ^ab"Pakistan and the Naxalite Movement in India".Stratfor. 18 November 2010.Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved1 June 2011.
  4. ^"International Call for Actions: "He who is not afraid of death by a thousand cuts dares to unhorse the emperor"".CIIC. 25 April 2024.Archived from the original on 22 May 2024. Retrieved1 June 2024.
  5. ^Stewart-Ingersoll, Robert (2012).Regional Powers and Security Orders.Routledge. p. 240.
  6. ^Al Labita (22 April 2010)."Philippine reds export armed struggle".Asia Times. Archived from the original on 14 April 2012. Retrieved21 May 2014.
  7. ^"Bangla Maoists involved in plan to target PM".The Sunday Guardian. 9 June 2018.Archived from the original on 7 September 2018. Retrieved7 September 2018.
  8. ^"Purba Banglar Communist Party (PBCP), South Asia Terrorism Portal".South Asia Terrorism Portal.Archived from the original on 28 April 2016. Retrieved1 June 2024.
  9. ^Singh, Prakash (1999).The Naxalite Movement in India.Rupa & Co. p. 24.
  10. ^"Why has Maoist violence subsided in India?".DW-TV. 1 May 2023.Archived from the original on 4 April 2024. Retrieved1 June 2024.

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