| Name | Leader | Year lost | Region | Comments |
|---|
| Lost Army of Cambyses | Cambyses II | 524 BC | Egypt | Cambyses II sent his army to destroy theOracle of Ammon atSiwa Oasis in 524 BC. 50,000 warriors entered Egypt’s western desert nearLuxor. According to the ancient historianHerodotus, somewhere in the middle of the desert the army was overwhelmed by a sandstorm and were presumed destroyed. |
| Vivaldi expedition | Vandino and Ugolino Vivaldi | 1291 | Morocco (North Africa) | Genoese exploration voyage to find a sea route to India. It was one of the first recorded voyages to sail from the Mediterranean into the Atlantic Ocean since thefall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, and predated attempts byChristopher Columbus andVasco da Gama by two centuries. |
| Abubakari expedition | Abu Bakr II | 1311 | Atlantic Ocean | Mansa of theMali Empire who abdicated his throne in order to explore "the limits of the ocean". |
| Ferrer expedition | Jaume Ferrer | 1346 | Cape Bojador (Western Sahara) | Majorcan expedition to locate a fabled "river of gold" somewhere on the African continent. |
| Cabot's final expedition | John Cabot | 1499 | Atlantic Ocean | English expedition to exploreNewfoundland andeastern Canada. |
| Corte-Real expedition | Gaspar Corte-Real | 1501 | Labrador (Canada) | Portuguese expedition to discover theNorthwest Passage. Part of the expedition, captained by Gaspar's brotherMiguel Corte-Real, were sent back to Portugal and are the only known survivors from this expedition. |
| Corte-Real rescue expedition | Miguel Corte-Real | 1502 | Atlantic Ocean | Portuguese rescue mission to search for lost explorerGaspar Corte-Real. |
| Knight expedition | James Knight | 1721 | Marble Island (Canadian Arctic) | British expedition to discover theNorthwest Passage. |
| Lapérouse expedition | Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse | 1788 | Victoria Strait (Oceana) | French expedition which vanished while attempting to sail around the world. |
| Houghton expedition | Daniel Houghton | 1791 | Sahara (North Africa) | British expedition to explore theGambia River and the hinterland of Africa's west coast. |
| Bass expedition | George Bass | 1803 | Pacific Ocean | British expedition to Tahiti, and possibly to the Spanish colony of Chile, before returning to the Sydney colony. |
| Franklin's lost expedition | John Franklin | 1845 | Victoria Strait (Canadian Arctic) | British expedition to traverse the last unnavigated section of theNorthwest Passage. |
| Leichhardt expedition | Ludwig Leichhardt | 1848 | McPherson's Station, Coogoon (Western Australia) | British expedition to explore northern and central Australia. |
| Vogel expedition | Eduard Vogel | 1856 | Wadai (Central Africa) | British expedition to find a trade route to Asia that bypassed the Middle East. He was initially a party member of theBarth expedition but eventually left to go exploring on his own and disappeared a year later. In a visit to Wadai in 1873, Gustav Nachtigal was told that the Sultan of Wadai had ordered Vogel's death. |
| Russian polar expedition of 1900-1902 | Eduard Von Toll | 1902 | Bennett Island (Arctic Ocean, north of Siberia) | Russian expedition to search for the legendarySannikov Land. |
| Terra Nova expedition | Robert Falcon Scott | 1913 | Antarctica | British expedition to become the first to reach the geographicalSouth Pole. |
| Rusanov expedition | Vladimir Rusanov | 1913 | Kara Sea (Arctic) | Russian naval expedition to the Arctic to find theNorthern Sea Route. |
| Fawcett expedition | Percy Fawcett | 1925 | Dead Horse Camp (Brazil) | British archaeological expedition to the Amazon to locate the "Lost City of Z". |
| Sea Dragon expedition | Richard Halliburton | 1939 | nearMidway Island (Pacific Ocean) | American expedition attempting to sail aChinese junk across the Pacific Ocean from Hong Kong to San Francisco for theGolden Gate International Exposition. |