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List of governors of North Dakota

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Flag of the governor

Thegovernor of North Dakota is thehead of government of theU.S. state ofNorth Dakota. Thegovernor is the head of theexecutive branch ofNorth Dakota's state government and is charged with enforcing state laws.

There have been 32 governors since North Dakota became a state, serving 33 distinct terms, withWilliam Langer having been elected to multiple terms. The current officeholder isRepublicanKelly Armstrong.

Governors

[edit]
For governors before statehood, seeList of governors of Dakota Territory.

Dakota Territory was organized on March 2, 1861;[1] on November 2, 1889, it was split into the states of North Dakota andSouth Dakota.[2]

TheConstitution of North Dakota originally provided for the election of a governor and lieutenant governor every two years, which was changed to four years in 1964.[3] A limit of two terms was added in 2023.[4] The governor and lieutenant governor are elected together on aticket,[5] and should the office of governor become vacant, the lieutenant governor becomes governor.[6] The term of office begins on the December 15 following the election.[7]

Governors of the State of North Dakota
No.GovernorTerm in officePartyElectionLt. Governor[a]
1 John Miller
(1843–1908)
[8][9]		November 20, 1889[10]
–
January 7, 1891
(did not run)[8]		Republican[11]1889 Alfred Dickey
2Andrew H. Burke
(1850–1918)
[12][13]		January 7, 1891[14]
–
January 4, 1893
(lost election)		Republican[11]1890Roger Allin
3Eli C. D. Shortridge
(1830–1908)
[15][16]		January 4, 1893[b]
–
January 9, 1895
(did not run)		Populist[15]1892Elmer D. Wallace[c]
4Roger Allin
(1848–1936)
[20][21]		January 9, 1895[22]
–
January 7, 1897
(lost nomination)[23]		Republican[11]1894John H. Worst
5Frank A. Briggs
(1858–1898)
[24][25]		January 7, 1897[d]
–
August 9, 1898
(died in office)		Republican[11]1896Joseph M. Devine
6Joseph M. Devine
(1861–1938)
[28][29]		August 9, 1898[30]
–
January 3, 1899
(did not run)		Republican[11]Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
7Frederick B. Fancher
(1852–1944)
[31][32]		January 3, 1899[33]
–
January 7, 1901
(withdrew)[e]		Republican[11]1898Joseph M. Devine
8Frank White
(1856–1940)
[35][36]		January 7, 1901[37]
–
January 4, 1905
(did not run)		Republican[11]1900David Bartlett
1902
9Elmore Y. Sarles
(1859–1929)
[38][39]		January 4, 1905[40]
–
January 9, 1907
(lost election)		Republican[11]1904
10John Burke
(1859–1937)
[41][42]		January 9, 1907[43]
–
January 8, 1913
(did not run)		Democratic[11]1906Robert S. Lewis
1908
1910Usher L. Burdick
11L. B. Hanna
(1861–1948)
[44][45]		January 8, 1913[46]
–
January 3, 1917
(did not run)		Republican[11]1912Anton Kraabel
1914John H. Fraine
12Lynn Frazier
(1874–1947)
[47][48]		January 3, 1917[49]
–
November 23, 1921
(recalled)[f]		Republican/
Nonpartisan League[47]		1916Anton Kraabel
1918Howard R. Wood
1920
13Ragnvald Nestos
(1877–1942)
[50][51]		November 23, 1921[52]
–
January 7, 1925
(lost nomination)[50]		Republican/
Independent Voters[50]		1921
(recall)[f]
1922Frank H. Hyland
14Arthur G. Sorlie
(1874–1928)
[53][54]		January 7, 1925[55]
–
August 28, 1928
(died in office)		Republican/
Nonpartisan League[53]		1924Walter Maddock
1926
15Walter Maddock
(1880–1951)
[56][57]		August 28, 1928[58]
–
January 9, 1929
(lost election)		Republican/
Nonpartisan League[56]		Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
16George F. Shafer
(1888–1948)
[59][60]		January 9, 1929[61]
–
January 4, 1933
(did not run)[g]		Republican/
Independent Voters[59]		1928John W. Carr
1930
17William Langer
(1886–1959)
[62][63]		January 4, 1933[h]
–
July 19, 1934
(removed)[i]		Republican/
Nonpartisan League[62]		1932Ole H. Olson
18Ole H. Olson
(1872–1954)
[68][69]		July 19, 1934[i]
–
January 7, 1935
(did not run)		Republican/
Nonpartisan League		Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
19Thomas H. Moodie
(1878–1948)
[70][71]		January 7, 1935[72]
–
February 2, 1935
(removed)[j]		Democratic[70]1934Walter Welford
20Walter Welford
(1868–1952)
[73][74]		February 2, 1935[75]
–
January 6, 1937
(lost election)		Republican/
Nonpartisan League[73]		Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Vacant
21William Langer
(1886–1959)
[62][63]		January 6, 1937[76]
–
January 2, 1939
(did not run)[k]		Independent[62]1936Thorstein H. H. Thoresen
22John Moses
(1885–1945)
[77][78]		January 2, 1939[79]
–
January 2, 1945
(did not run)[l]		Democratic[77]1938Jack A. Patterson
1940Oscar W. Hagen
1942Henry Holt
23Fred G. Aandahl
(1897–1966)
[80][81]		January 2, 1945[82]
–
January 3, 1951
(did not run)[m]		Republican[80]1944Clarence P. Dahl
1946
1948
24Norman Brunsdale
(1891–1978)
[83][84]		January 3, 1951[85]
–
January 7, 1957
(did not run)		Republican[83]1950Ray Schnell
1952Clarence P. Dahl
1954
25John E. Davis
(1913–1990)
[86][87]		January 7, 1957[88]
–
January 3, 1961
(did not run)[n]		Republican[86]1956Francis Clyde Duffy
1958Clarence P. Dahl
26William L. Guy
(1919–2013)
[89][90]		January 3, 1961[91]
–
January 2, 1973
(did not run)[89]		Democratic–
Nonpartisan League[89]		1960Orville W. Hagen
1962Frank A. Wenstrom
1964Charles Tighe
1968Richard F. Larsen
27Arthur A. Link
(1914–2010)
[92][93]		January 2, 1973[94]
–
January 6, 1981
(lost election)		Democratic–
Nonpartisan League[92]		1972Wayne Sanstead
1976
28Allen I. Olson
(1938–2025)
[95]		January 6, 1981[96]
–
December 31, 1984
(lost election)		Republican[95]1980Ernest Sands
29George A. Sinner
(1928–2018)
[97]		January 1, 1985[o]
–
December 15, 1992
(did not run)		Democratic–
Nonpartisan League[97]		1984Ruth Meiers
1988Lloyd Omdahl
30Ed Schafer
(b. 1946)
[100]		December 15, 1992[101]
–
December 15, 2000
(did not run)		Republican[100]1992Rosemarie Myrdal
1996
31John Hoeven
(b. 1957)
[102]		December 15, 2000[103]
–
December 7, 2010
(resigned)[p]		Republican[102]2000Jack Dalrymple
2004
2008
32Jack Dalrymple
(b. 1948)
[104]		December 7, 2010[105]
–
December 15, 2016
(did not run)		Republican[104]Succeeded from
lieutenant
governor		Drew Wrigley
2012
33Doug Burgum
(b. 1956)
[106]		December 15, 2016[107]
–
December 15, 2024
(did not run)		Republican[106]2016Brent Sanford
2020
Tammy Miller
34Kelly Armstrong
(b. 1976)
[108]		December 15, 2024[109]
–
Incumbent[q]		Republican[108]2024Michelle Strinden

Electoral history (1950–)

[edit]
YearDemocratic–NPL nomineeRepublican nomineeIndependent candidateLibertarian nomineeOther candidate
Candidate#%Candidate#%Candidate#%Candidate#%Candidate#%
1950Clyde G. Byerly61,95033.71%Norman Brunsdale121,82266.29%–––
1952Ole C. Johnson53,99021.26%Norman Brunsdale199,94478.74%–––
1954Cornelius Bymers69,24835.79%Norman Brunsdale124,25364.21%–––
1956Wallace E. Warner104,86941.54%John E. Davis147,56658.46%–––
1958John F. Lord98,76346.90%John E. Davis111,83653.10%–––
1960William L. Guy136,14849.44%Clarence P. Dahl122,48644.48%Herschel Lashkowitz16,7416.08%––
1962William L. Guy115,25850.44%Mark Andrews113,25149.56%–––
1964William L. Guy146,41455.74%Donald M. Halcrow116,24744.26%–––
1968William L. Guy135,95554.82%Robert P. McCarney108,38243.70%Leo Landsberger
(Taxpayers Revival)		3,6631.48%––
1972Arthur A. Link143,89951.04%Richard F. Larsen138,03248.96%–––
1976Arthur A. Link153,30951.58%Richard Elkin138,32146.53%––Martin K. Vaaler
(American)		5,6191.89%
1980Arthur A. Link140,39146.39%Allen I. Olson162,23053.61%–––
1984George A. Sinner173,92255.32%Allen I. Olson140,46044.68%–––
1988George A. Sinner179,09459.88%Leon Malberg119,98640.12%–––
1992Nicholas Spaeth123,84540.62%Ed Schafer176,39857.86%Harley McClain2,6140.86%–Michael DuPaul2,0040.66%
1996Lee Kaldor89,34933.81%Ed Schafer174,93766.19%–––
2000Heidi Heitkamp130,14444.97%John Hoeven159,25555.03%–––
2004Joe Satrom84,87727.39%John Hoeven220,80371.26%–Roland Riemers4,1931.35%–
2008Tim Mathern74,27923.53%John Hoeven235,00974.44%DuWayne Hendrickson6,4042.03%––
2012Ryan Taylor109,04834.31%Jack Dalrymple200,52563.10%Paul Sorum5,3561.69%–Roland Riemers2,6180.82%
2016Marvin Nelson65,85519.39%Doug Burgum259,86376.52%–Marty Riske13,2303.90%–
2020Shelley Lenz90,78925.38%Doug Burgum235,47965.84%–DuWayne Hendrickson13,8533.87%–
2024Merrill Piepkorn94,04325.98%Kelly Armstrong247,05668.26%Michael Coachman20,3225.61%––

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
  2. ^Sources disagree on when Shortridge took office; Sobel says January 2,[15] the State Historical Society says January 3,[17] one contemporary news source says Shortridge qualified on January 3,[18] and Shortridge delivered his inaugural address (dated January 3) to the legislature on January 4.[19]
  3. ^Represented theDemocratic-Independent Party
  4. ^Sources disagree on when Briggs took office; Sobel says January 8,[24] the State Historical Society says January 6,[26] and a contemporary news source says he was sworn in on January 7,[27] which notes that inaugural proceedings were delayed by the death of Briggs' daughter.
  5. ^Fancher was nominated by the Republican Party, but withdrew from the election due to health concerns.[34]
  6. ^abFrazier wasrecalled and Nestos elected to replace him in a special election.
  7. ^Shafer insteadran unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination to theUnited States Senate.[59]
  8. ^Sources disagree on when Langer took office; the State Historical Society says December 31, 1932,[64] but contemporary news indicates it was on January 4, 1933, the matter being complicated because Langer was ill and unable to attend..[65]
  9. ^abLanger was removed from office following his conviction of felony conspiracy to defraud the federal government; he was later cleared.[62] He was convicted on June 17 and Lieutenant GovernorOle H. Olson immediately moved to take over, receiving the oath of office.[66] The Supreme Court ruled Langer was ineligible on July 17, and Olson formally took office on July 19.[67]
  10. ^The Supreme Court ruled that Moodie did not meet residency requirements to run for governor, and so removed him.[70]
  11. ^Langer insteadran unsuccessfully for theUnited States Senate.[62]
  12. ^Moses was insteadelected to theUnited States Senate.[77]
  13. ^Aandahl was insteadelected to theUnited States House of Representatives.[80]
  14. ^Davis insteadran unsuccessfully for theUnited States Senate.[86]
  15. ^Sinner took the oath of office on December 31, so that he would become governor at midnight on January 1; Olson claimed that his term did not end until January 5, and refused to leave office. The Supreme Court ruled on January 4 that Sinner was governor, and had been since January 1.[98][99]
  16. ^Hoeven resigned, having beenelected to theUnited States Senate.
  17. ^Armstrong's termwill expire on December 15, 2028.

References

[edit]
General
Specific
  1. ^12 Stat. 239
  2. ^25 Stat. 676
  3. ^"North Dakota State and County Official Term Lengths, Initiative 5 (1964)". RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  4. ^"North Dakota Constitutional Measure 1, Term Limits for Governor and State Legislators Initiative (2022)". RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  5. ^ND Const. art. V, § 3
  6. ^ND Const. art. V, § 11
  7. ^ND Const. art. V, § 5
  8. ^abSobel 1978, p. 1171.
  9. ^"John Miller".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  10. ^"The Legislature".Bismarck Weekly Tribune. November 22, 1889. p. 8. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  11. ^abcdefghijKallenbach 1977, pp. 450–451.
  12. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 1171–1172.
  13. ^"Andrew Horace Burke".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  14. ^North Dakota Legislative Assembly.Journal of the House of Representatives. 1891 sess.,34, accessed May 30, 2023
  15. ^abcSobel 1978, p. 1172.
  16. ^"Eli C. D. Shortridge".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  17. ^"Eli C. D. Shortridge".North Dakota Governors Online. State Historical Society of North Dakota. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  18. ^"North Dakota Legislature Gets in Motion".Chicago Tribune. January 4, 1893. p. 2. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  19. ^North Dakota Legislative Assembly.Journal of the House of Representatives. 1893 sess.,33, accessed May 30, 2023
  20. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 1172–1173.
  21. ^"Roger Allin".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  22. ^North Dakota Legislative Assembly.Journal of the House of Representatives. 1895 sess.,35, accessed May 30, 2023
  23. ^"Briggs the Man".The Washburn Leader. July 25, 1896. p. 4. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  24. ^abSobel 1978, p. 1173.
  25. ^"Frank Arlington Briggs".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  26. ^"Frank A. Briggs".North Dakota Governors Online. State Historical Society of North Dakota. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  27. ^"The Legislature".Courier Democrat. January 14, 1897. p. 2. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  28. ^Sobel 1978, p. 1174.
  29. ^"Joseph McMurray Devine".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  30. ^"Briggs Is Dead!".The Hope Pioneer. August 11, 1898. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  31. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 1174–1175.
  32. ^"Frederick Bartlett Fancher".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  33. ^"North Dakota Officers Inaugurated".The Bottineau Courant. January 7, 1899. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  34. ^"Fancher Resigns".Jamestown Weekly Alert. September 27, 1900. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  35. ^Sobel 1978, p. 1175.
  36. ^"Frank White".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  37. ^"The New Officers".The Bismarck Tribune. January 7, 1901. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  38. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 1175–1176.
  39. ^"Elmore Yocum Sarles".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  40. ^"New Administration Is Nicely Launched".The Bismarck Tribune. January 5, 1905. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  41. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 1176–1177.
  42. ^"John Burke".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  43. ^"Now Gov. Burke".The Bismarck Tribune. January 10, 1907. p. 5. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  44. ^Sobel 1978, p. 1177.
  45. ^"Louis Benjamin Hanna".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  46. ^"A Republican Administration".The Bismarck Tribune. January 9, 1913. p. 4. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  47. ^abSobel 1978, pp. 1177–1178.
  48. ^"Lynn Joseph Frazier".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  49. ^"Intense Enthusiasm Marks New Regime at State Capitol".The Bismarck Tribune. January 3, 1917. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  50. ^abcSobel 1978, pp. 1178–1179.
  51. ^"Ragnvold Anderson Nestos".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  52. ^"New Governor Kindles Pride in State, Pledges Economy. Asks Strife Be Forgotten".The Bismarck Tribune. November 23, 1921. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  53. ^abSobel 1978, p. 1179.
  54. ^"Arthur Gustav Sorlie".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  55. ^"Sorlie, Nestos Both Speak; New Governor Inaugurated Before Joint Session Today".The Bismarck Tribune. January 7, 1925. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  56. ^abSobel 1978, pp. 1179–1180.
  57. ^"Walter Maddock".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  58. ^"Governor Sorlie Dead from Fight with Heart Disease".The Bismarck Tribune. August 28, 1928. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  59. ^abcSobel 1978, p. 1180.
  60. ^"George Frederick Shafer".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  61. ^"Governor Shafer Takes Post".The Bismarck Tribune. January 9, 1929. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  62. ^abcdefSobel 1978, p. 1181.
  63. ^ab"William Langer".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  64. ^"William Langer".North Dakota Governors Online. State Historical Society of North Dakota. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  65. ^"New Officers Take Hold and Name Deputies".Morning Pioneer. Associated Press. January 4, 1933. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  66. ^"New Rockford Man Moves to Assume Duties of Office".The Bismarck Tribune. June 18, 1934. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  67. ^"Acting Governor Takes Control of Executive Office".The Bismarck Tribune. July 19, 1934. p. 1. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  68. ^Sobel 1978, pp. 1181–1182.
  69. ^"Ole H. Olson".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  70. ^abcSobel 1978, p. 1182.
  71. ^"Thomas Hilliard Moodie".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  72. ^"Moodie Becomes N.D. Governor".The Bismarck Tribune. January 7, 1935. p. 1. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  73. ^abSobel 1978, p. 1183.
  74. ^"Walter Welford".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  75. ^"Supreme Court Holds Moodie Disqualified by Constitution".The Bismarck Tribune. February 2, 1935. p. 9. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  76. ^"Grand March Climaxes Inaugural".The Bismarck Tribune. January 7, 1937. p. 1. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  77. ^abcSobel 1978, pp. 1183–1184.
  78. ^"John Moses".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  79. ^"Langer Ends His Regime".Reno Gazette-Journal. Associated Press. January 2, 1939. p. 2. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  80. ^abcSobel 1978, p. 1184.
  81. ^"Fred George Aandahl".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  82. ^"Aandahl, Other New State Officers Begin Duties".The Bismarck Tribune. January 2, 1945. p. 1. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  83. ^abSobel 1978, p. 1185.
  84. ^"C. Norman Brunsdale".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  85. ^"Family, Friends of New Governor Attend Inaugural".The Bismarck Tribune. January 3, 1951. p. 1. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  86. ^abcSobel 1978, pp. 1185–1186.
  87. ^"John Edward Davis".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  88. ^"John Davis Is Sworn In at Capitol".The Bismarck Tribune. January 9, 1957. p. 1. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  89. ^abcSobel 1978, p. 1186.
  90. ^"William Lewis Guy".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  91. ^"Guy Urges Austerity for N.D."The Bismarck Tribune. Associated Press. January 4, 1961. p. 1. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  92. ^abSobel 1978, p. 1187.
  93. ^"Arthur Albert Link".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  94. ^"Link Takes Oath As State Head".The Bismarck Tribune. Associated Press. January 3, 1973. p. 24. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  95. ^ab"Allen Ingvar Olson".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  96. ^Baenen, Jeff (January 7, 1981)."Olson Begins Term".The Bismarck Tribune. Associated Press. p. 3. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  97. ^ab"George Albert Sinner".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  98. ^Sellnow, Greg (January 5, 1985)."Supreme Court Tells Olson to Pack It In".The Bismarck Tribune. p. 1A. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  99. ^Sellnow, Greg (January 5, 1985)."Justices Unanimously Support Sinner".The Bismarck Tribune. p. 1A. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  100. ^ab"Edward Thomas Schafer".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  101. ^Donatelle, Kristine (December 16, 1992)."Governor Fills Key Posts".The Bismarck Tribune. p. 1A. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  102. ^ab"John Hoeven".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  103. ^Wetzel, Dale (December 16, 2000)."Hoeven's First Day Full of Decisions".The Bismarck Tribune. Associated Press. p. 1A. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  104. ^ab"Jack Dalrymple".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  105. ^Beitsch, Rebecca (December 8, 2010)."It's Official, Governor".The Bismarck Tribune. p. 1A. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  106. ^ab"Doug Burgum".National Governors Association. RetrievedMay 30, 2023.
  107. ^Holgate, Julie (December 15, 2016)."Doug Burgum Takes Office As Nd Governor Today".Valley News Live. RetrievedMay 31, 2023.
  108. ^ab"Kelly Armstrong".National Governors Association. RetrievedJanuary 9, 2025.
  109. ^"Armstrong takes oath of office, begins term as 34th governor in North Dakota's 135-year history".www.governor.nd.gov. North Dakota Office of the Governor. December 15, 2024. RetrievedJanuary 23, 2025.

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