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List of United States major party presidential tickets

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In theUnited States,political parties nominate one candidate each forPresident of the United States and forVice President of the United States. These candidates attempt to winpresidential elections by taking a majority of theelectoral vote. The two candidates together are known as aticket. Many states did not hold popular votes for the presidential election prior to the advent ofJacksonian Democracy in the 1820s. Prior to the ratification of the12th Amendment in 1804,electors cast two votes for president rather than one vote for president and one vote for vice president. Under the pre-12th Amendment Constitution, the candidate with the most votes became president and the candidate with the second most votes became vice president; hence, all candidates were technically running against each other.[a] The listed ages are as ofelection day; for races prior to 1845, December 1 is considered election day for the purposes of the list.

Major tickets

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Included below are all of themajor party (Democratic-Republican,Federalist,Democratic,National Republican,Whig, andRepublican) presidential tickets in U.S. history,[1] along with the nonpartisan candidacy ofGeorge Washington. Also included areindependent andthird party tickets that won at least ten percent of the popular or electoral vote.

An asterisk (*) denotes elections held before the ratification of the 12th Amendment, which made significant changes to the presidential election process.[b] An asterisk or caret (^) denotes elections held before 1832; before 1832, many states did not hold a popular vote for president.[2]

Presidential nomineeVice presidential nomineeResults[3][c]
YearT[d]PPosition[e]NameSBA[f]Position[e]NameSBA[f]PV%EV%R
 
2024ORFmr. PresidentDonald TrumpFL194678SenatorJD VanceOH19844049.8581
2024ODVice PresidentKamala HarrisCA196460GovernorTim WalzMN19646048.3422
2020CDFmr. Vice PresidentJoe BidenDE194277SenatorKamala HarrisCA19645651.356.91
2020IRPresidentDonald TrumpFL194674Vice PresidentMike PenceIN19596146.843.12
2016ORBusinessmanDonald TrumpNY194670GovernorMike PenceIN19595746.156.51
2016ODFmr.Sec. of StateHillary ClintonNY194769SenatorTim KaineVA19585848.242.22
2012IDPresidentBarack ObamaIL196151Vice PresidentJoe BidenDE1942695161.71
2012CRFmr. GovernorMitt RomneyMA194765RepresentativePaul RyanWI19704247.238.32
2008ODSenatorBarack ObamaIL196147SenatorJoe BidenDE19426552.967.81
2008ORSenatorJohn McCainAZ193672GovernorSarah PalinAK19644445.632.22
2004IRPresidentGeorge W. BushTX194658Vice PresidentDick CheneyWY19416350.753.21
2004CDSenatorJohn KerryMA194360SenatorJohn EdwardsNC19535148.346.72
2000ORGovernorGeorge W. BushTX194654Fmr.Sec. of DefenseDick CheneyWY19415947.950.41
2000ODVice PresidentAl GoreTN194852SenatorJoe LiebermanCT19425848.449.42
1996IDPresidentBill ClintonAR194650Vice PresidentAl GoreTN19484849.270.41
1996CRFmr. SenatorBob DoleKS192373Fmr.Sec. of HUDJack KempNY19356140.729.62
1992CDGovernorBill ClintonAR194646SenatorAl GoreTN1948444368.81
1992IRPresidentGeorge H. W. BushTX192468Vice PresidentDan QuayleIN19474537.531.22
1992TIBusinessmanRoss PerotTX193062AdmiralJames StockdaleCA19236818.903
1988ORVice PresidentGeorge H. W. BushTX192464SenatorDan QuayleIN19474153.479.21
1988ODGovernorMichael DukakisMA193355SenatorLloyd BentsenTX19216745.720.12
1984IRPresidentRonald ReaganCA191173Vice PresidentGeorge H. W. BushTX19246058.897.61
1984CDFmr. Vice PresidentWalter MondaleMN192856RepresentativeGeraldine FerraroNY19354940.62.42
1980CRFmr. GovernorRonald ReaganCA191169Fmr.DCIGeorge H. W. BushTX19245650.890.91
1980IDPresidentJimmy CarterGA192456Vice PresidentWalter MondaleMN192852419.12
1976CDFmr. GovernorJimmy CarterGA192452SenatorWalter MondaleMN19284850.153.91
1976IRPresidentGerald FordMI191363SenatorBob DoleKS1923534844.62
1972IRPresidentRichard NixonCA191359Vice PresidentSpiro AgnewMD19185360.696.71
1972CDSenatorGeorge McGovernSD192250Fmr.AmbassadorSargent Shriver[g]MD19155637.53.22
1968ORFmr. Vice PresidentRichard NixonNY191355GovernorSpiro AgnewMD19184943.455.91
1968ODVice PresidentHubert HumphreyMN191157SenatorEdmund MuskieME19145442.735.52
1968TAIFmr. GovernorGeorge WallaceAL191949GeneralCurtis LeMayCA19066113.58.63
1964IDPresidentLyndon B. JohnsonTX190856SenatorHubert HumphreyMN19115361.190.31
1964CRSenatorBarry GoldwaterAZ190955RepresentativeWilliam E. MillerNY19145038.59.72
1960ODSenatorJohn F. KennedyMA191743SenatorLyndon B. JohnsonTX19085249.756.41
1960ORVice PresidentRichard NixonCA191347Fmr.AmbassadorHenry Cabot Lodge Jr.MA19025849.640.82
1956IRPresidentDwight D. EisenhowerNY189066Vice PresidentRichard NixonCA19134357.486.11
1956CDFmr. GovernorAdlai Stevenson IIIL190056SenatorEstes KefauverTN1903534213.72
1952ORGeneralDwight D. EisenhowerNY189062SenatorRichard NixonCA19133955.283.21
1952ODGovernorAdlai Stevenson IIIL190052SenatorJohn SparkmanAL18995244.216.82
1948IDPresidentHarry S. TrumanMO188464SenatorAlben W. BarkleyKY18777049.657.11
1948CRGovernorThomas E. DeweyNY190246GovernorEarl WarrenCA18915745.135.62
1944IDPresidentFranklin D. RooseveltNY188262SenatorHarry S. TrumanMO18846053.481.41
1944CRGovernorThomas E. DeweyNY190242GovernorJohn W. BrickerOH18935145.318.62
1940IDPresidentFranklin D. RooseveltNY188258Fmr.Sec. of AgricultureHenry A. WallaceIA18885254.784.61
1940CRBusinessmanWendell WillkieNY189248SenatorCharles L. McNaryOR18746644.815.42
1936IDPresidentFranklin D. RooseveltNY188254Vice PresidentJohn Nance GarnerTX18686760.898.51
1936CRGovernorAlf LandonKS188749PublisherFrank KnoxIL18746236.51.52
1932CDGovernorFranklin D. RooseveltNY188250SpeakerJohn Nance GarnerTX18686357.488.91
1932IRPresidentHerbert HooverCA187458Vice PresidentCharles CurtisKS18607239.711.12
1928ORFmr.Sec. of CommerceHerbert HooverCA187454SenatorCharles CurtisKS18606858.283.61
1928ODGovernorAl SmithNY187354SenatorJoseph T. RobinsonAR18725640.816.42
1924IRPresidentCalvin CoolidgeMA187252Fmr.Budget DirectorCharles G. DawesIL1865595471.91
1924CDFmr.AmbassadorJohn W. DavisWV187351GovernorCharles W. BryanNE18675728.825.62
1924TPSenatorRobert M. La FolletteWI185569SenatorBurton K. WheelerMT18824216.62.43
1920ORSenatorWarren G. HardingOH186555GovernorCalvin CoolidgeMA18724860.376.11
1920ODGovernorJames M. CoxOH187050Fmr.Ast. Sec. of NavyFranklin D. RooseveltNY18823834.223.92
1916IDPresidentWoodrow WilsonNJ185659Vice PresidentThomas R. MarshallIN18546249.252.21
1916CRFmr.Associate JusticeCharles Evans HughesNY186254Fmr. Vice PresidentCharles W. FairbanksIN18526446.147.82
1912CDGovernorWoodrow WilsonNJ185655GovernorThomas R. MarshallIN18545841.881.91
1912TPFmr. PresidentTheodore RooseveltNY185854GovernorHiram JohnsonCA18664627.416.62
1912IRPresidentWilliam Howard TaftOH185755Vice PresidentJames S. Sherman[h]NY18555723.21.53
1908ORFmr.Sec. of WarWilliam Howard TaftOH185751RepresentativeJames S. ShermanNY18555351.566.51
1908ODFmr. RepresentativeWilliam Jennings BryanNE186048Fmr. state senatorJohn W. KernIN1849584333.52
1904IRPresidentTheodore RooseveltNY185846SenatorCharles W. FairbanksIN18525256.470.61
1904CDFmr.State JudgeAlton B. ParkerNY185252Fmr. SenatorHenry G. DavisWV18238037.629.42
1900IRPresidentWilliam McKinleyOH184357GovernorTheodore RooseveltNY18584251.665.31
1900CDFmr. RepresentativeWilliam Jennings BryanNE186040Fmr. Vice PresidentAdlai Stevenson IIL18356545.534.72
1896ORFmr. GovernorWilliam McKinleyOH184353Fmr. state senatorGarret HobartNJ1844525160.11
1896ODFmr. RepresentativeWilliam Jennings Bryan[i]NE186036BusinessmanArthur SewallME18356046.739.42
1892CDFmr. PresidentGrover ClevelandNY183755Fmr.Asst. PMGAdlai Stevenson IIL1835574662.41
1892IRPresidentBenjamin HarrisonIN183359Fmr.AmbassadorWhitelaw ReidNY1837554332.72
1888CRFmr. SenatorBenjamin HarrisonIN183355Fmr.AmbassadorLevi P. MortonNY18246447.858.11
1888IDPresidentGrover ClevelandNY183751Fmr. SenatorAllen G. ThurmanOH18137448.641.92
1884ODGovernorGrover ClevelandNY183747Fmr. GovernorThomas A. HendricksIN18196548.954.61
1884ORFmr.Sec. of StateJames G. BlaineME183054SenatorJohn A. LoganIL18265848.345.42
1880ORRepresentativeJames A. GarfieldOH183149Fmr.Port CollectorChester A. ArthurNY18295148.3581
1880ODGeneralWinfield S. HancockPA182455Fmr. RepresentativeWilliam H. EnglishIN18225848.2422
1876ORGovernorRutherford B. HayesOH182254RepresentativeWilliam A. WheelerNY18195747.950.11
1876ODGovernorSamuel J. TildenNY181462GovernorThomas A. HendricksIN18195750.949.92
1872IRPresidentUlysses S. GrantIL182250SenatorHenry WilsonMA18126055.681.31
1872CLR/DFmr. RepresentativeHorace Greeley[j]NY181161GovernorBenjamin G. BrownMO18264643.818.82
1868ORGeneralUlysses S. GrantIL182246SpeakerSchuyler ColfaxIN18234552.772.81
1868ODFmr. GovernorHoratio SeymourNY181058Fmr. RepresentativeFrancis P. Blair Jr.MO18214747.327.22
1864INU[k]PresidentAbraham LincolnIL180955Military GovernorAndrew JohnsonTN18085555911
1864CDGeneralGeorge B. McClellanNJ182637RepresentativeGeorge H. PendletonOH1825394592
1860ORFmr. RepresentativeAbraham LincolnIL180951SenatorHannibal HamlinME18095139.759.41
1860OSDVice PresidentJohn C. Breckinridge[l]KY182139SenatorJoseph LaneOR18015818.223.82
1860TCUFmr. SenatorJohn BellTN179664Fmr.Sec. of StateEdward EverettMA17946612.612.93
1860ONDSenatorStephen A. Douglas[l]IL181347Fmr. GovernorHerschel V. JohnsonGA18124829.544
1856ODFmr. AmbassadorJames BuchananPA179165Fmr. RepresentativeJohn C. BreckinridgeKY18213545.358.81
1856ORFmr. SenatorJohn C. FrémontCA181343Fmr. SenatorWilliam L. DaytonNJ18074933.138.52
1856OA/WFmr. PresidentMillard FillmoreNY180056Fmr.AmbassadorAndrew J. DonelsonTN17995721.52.73
1852ODFmr. SenatorFranklin PierceNH180448SenatorWilliam R. KingAL17866650.885.81
1852OWGeneralWinfield ScottNJ178666Fmr.Sec. of the NavyWilliam A. GrahamNC18044843.914.22
1848OWGeneralZachary TaylorLA178463ComptrollerMillard FillmoreNY18004847.356.21
1848ODFmr. SenatorLewis CassMI178266Fmr. RepresentativeWilliam O. ButlerKY17915742.543.82
1848TFSFmr. PresidentMartin Van BurenNY178265Fmr. state senatorCharles F. Adams Sr.MA18074110.103
1844ODFmr. GovernorJames K. PolkTN179549Fmr.AmbassadorGeorge DallasPA17925249.561.81
1844OWFmr. SenatorHenry ClayKY177767Fmr.MayorTheodore FrelinghuysenNJ17875748.138.22
1840CWFmr.AmbassadorWilliam Henry HarrisonOH177367Fmr. SenatorJohn TylerVA17905052.979.61
1840IDPresidentMartin Van BurenNY178257-None[m]---46.820.42
1836ODVice PresidentMartin Van BurenNY178253RepresentativeRichard M. Johnson[n]KY17805650.857.81
1836OWFmr.AmbassadorWilliam Henry Harrison[o]OH177363RepresentativeFrancis Granger[p]NY17924436.624.82
1832IDPresidentAndrew JacksonTN176765Fmr.AmbassadorMartin Van BurenNY17824954.276.61
1832CNRSenatorHenry ClayKY177755Fmr. RepresentativeJohn SergeantPA17795237.417.12
1828^CDFmr. SenatorAndrew JacksonTN176761Vice PresidentJohn C. CalhounSC1782465668.21
1828^INRPresidentJohn Quincy AdamsMA176761Sec. of TreasuryRichard RushPA17804843.631.82
1824^ODRSec. of StateJohn Quincy Adams[q]MA176757Sec. of WarJohn C. Calhoun[r]SC17824230.932.21
1824^ODRSenatorAndrew Jackson[q]TN176757Sec. of WarJohn C. Calhoun[r]SC17824241.437.92
1824^ODRSec. of TreasuryWilliam Crawford[q]GA177252SenatorNathaniel Macon[r]NC17576611.215.73
1824^ODRSpeakerHenry Clay[q]KY177747ChancellorNathan Sanford[r]NY1777471314.24
1820^IDRPresidentJames Monroe[s]VA175862Vice PresidentDaniel D. TompkinsNY17744680.699.61
1816^ODRSec. of StateJames MonroeVA175858GovernorDaniel D. TompkinsNY17744268.284.31
1816^OFSenatorRufus KingNY175561None[t]30.915.72
1812^IDRPresidentJames MadisonVA175161Fmr. GovernorElbridge GerryMA17446850.4591
1812^CDR/FMayorDeWitt Clinton[u]NY176943State AGJared IngersollPA17496347.6412
1808^ODRSec. of StateJames MadisonVA175157Vice PresidentGeorge ClintonNY17396964.769.31
1808^OFFmr.AmbassadorCharles C. PinckneySC174662Fmr.AmbassadorRufus KingNY17555332.426.72
1804^IDRPresidentThomas JeffersonVA174361Fmr. GovernorGeorge ClintonNY17396572.8921
1804^CFFmr.AmbassadorCharles C. PinckneySC174658Fmr.AmbassadorRufus KingNY17554927.282
1800*CDRVice PresidentThomas Jefferson[v]VA174357Fmr. SenatorAaron BurrNY17564461.452.91
1800*IFPresidentJohn AdamsMA173565Fmr.AmbassadorCharles C. PinckneySC17465438.647.12
1796*OFVice PresidentJohn AdamsMA173561Fmr.AmbassadorThomas Pinckney[w]SC17504653.451.41
1796*ODRFmr.Sec. of StateThomas JeffersonVA174353SenatorAaron BurrNY17564046.649.32
1792*INPresidentGeorge WashingtonVA173260Vice PresidentJohn Adams[x]MA1735571001001
1789*ONGeneralGeorge WashingtonVA173256Fmr.AmbassadorJohn Adams[x]MA1735531001001

Other significant tickets

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The following post-1800 tickets won less than 10% of the popular vote and less than 10% of the electoral vote, but won more than 1% of the popular vote or at least one electoral vote from an elector who had pledged to vote for the ticket. A caret (^) denotes elections held before 1832; before 1832, many states did not hold a popular vote for president.

Presidential candidateVice presidential candidateResults[3][c]
YearPPosition[e]NameSBA[f]Position[e]NameSBA[f]PV%EV%R
2020LAcademicJo JorgensenSC195763BusinessmanSpike CohenSC1982381.203
2016LFmr. GovernorGary JohnsonNM195363Fmr. GovernorBill WeldMA1945713.303
2016GPhysicianJill SteinMA195066ActivistAjamu BarakaIL1953631.104
2000GAttorneyRalph NaderCT193466EconomistWinona LaDukeMN1959412.703
1996RefBusinessmanRoss PerotTX193066EconomistPat ChoateDC1941558.403
1980IRepresentativeJohn B. AndersonIL192258Fmr.AmbassadorPatrick LuceyWI1918626.603
1980LAttorneyEd ClarkCA193050BusinessmanDavid KochKS1940401.104
1972AIRepresentativeJohn G. SchmitzCA193042PublisherThomas J. AndersonTN1910611.403
1960DSenatorHarry F. Byrd[y]VA188773SenatorStrom Thurmond[y]SC19025702.83
1948SRGovernorStrom ThurmondSC190245GovernorFielding L. WrightMS1895532.47.33
1948PFmr. Vice PresidentHenry A. WallaceIA188860SenatorGlen H. TaylorID1904442.404
1936URepresentativeWilliam LemkeND187857AttorneyThomas C. O'BrienMA1887481.903
1932SMinisterNorman ThomasNY188447Fmr. state rep.James H. MaurerPA1864682.203
1920SFmr. state rep.Eugene V. DebsIN185565AttorneySeymour StedmanIL1871493.403
1916SEditorAllan L. BensonNY187145WriterGeorge KirkpatrickNJ1867493.203
1916PhFmr. GovernorFrank HanlyIN186353MinisterIra LandrithTN1865551.204
1912SFmr. state rep.Eugene V. DebsIN185557MayorEmil SeidelWI186447604
1912PhAttorneyEugene W. ChafinIN185260MinisterAaron S. WatkinsKY1863491.405
1908SFmr. state rep.Eugene V. DebsIN185553TradesmanBen HanfordNY1861472.803
1908PhAttorneyEugene W. ChafinIN185256MinisterAaron S. WatkinsKY1863451.704
1904SFmr. state rep.Eugene V. DebsIN185548TradesmanBen HanfordNY186143303
1904PhMinisterSilas C. SwallowPA183965BusinessmanGeorge W. CarrollTX1855491.904
1900PhAttorneyJohn G. WoolleyIL185050Fmr. state senatorHenry B. MetcalfRI1829711.503
1892PoFmr. RepresentativeJames B. WeaverIA183359Fmr. state AGJames G. FieldVA1826668.553
1892PhFmr. RepresentativeJohn BidwellCA181973MinisterJames B. Cranfill[z]TX1858342.204
1888PhBusinessmanClinton B. FiskNY182859ScholarJohn A. BrooksMO1836512.203
1888LUState senatorAlson StreeterIL182365AttorneyCharles CunninghamAR1823651.304
1884GBFmr. GovernorBenjamin ButlerMA181865State senatorAbsolom M. WestMS1817671.703
1884PhFmr. GovernorJohn St. JohnKS183351AttorneyWilliam DanielMD1826581.504
1880GBRepresentativeJames B. WeaverIA183347BusinessmanBarzillai ChambersTX1817623.403
1852FSSenatorJohn P. HaleNH180646Fmr. RepresentativeGeorge W. JulianIN1817354.903
1844LiAttorneyJames G. BirneyMI179252Fmr. SenatorThomas MorrisOH1776682.303
1836WSenatorHugh Lawson White[o]TN177363Fmr. SenatorJohn Tyler[p]VA1790469.78.83
1836WSenatorDaniel Webster[o]MA178254SenatorFrancis Granger[p]NY1792442.74.84
1836WSenatorWillie P. Mangum[o]NC179244Fmr. SenatorJohn Tyler[p]VA17904603.75
1832NGovernorJohn Floyd[aa]VA178349EconomistHenry LeeMA17825003.83
1832AMFmr. Attorney GeneralWilliam WirtVA177260Fmr. state AGAmos EllmakerPA1787457.82.44
1820^DRGovernorDeWitt Clinton[ab]NY176951-None---1.7503
1812^FFmr.AmbassadorRufus King[ac]NY175557Fmr. GovernorWilliam R. DavieNC175656203
1808^DRVice PresidentGeorge Clinton[ad]NY173969Fmr.AmbassadorJames Monroe[ad]VA17585003.43
1808^DRFmr.AmbassadorJames Monroe[ae]VA175850-None---2.504

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^For a full list of candidates that received electoral votes, seeList of people who received an electoral vote in the United States Electoral College.
  2. ^In elections held before the ratification of the 12th Amendment, each elector cast two electoral votes for president. For these elections, the party's candidate that received the most electoral votes is assigned the position of presidential nominee for the purposes of the table, while the party's candidate that won the second most electoral votes is assigned the position of vice presidential nominee. For these elections, the "electoral vote percentage" column reflects the percentage of electors won by the presidential candidate, rather than the percentage of electoral votes won.
  3. ^abThe results columns reflect the presidential vote. The last column (marked "R") indicates the presidential nominee's ranking in number of electoral votes in that election, with the popular vote breaking ties, with the exception that any presidential election winner is always ranked first.
  4. ^This column indicates the type of candidacy. An "I" indicates an incumbent president, "C" indicates a challenger to an incumbent, "O" indicates an open seat (meaning there was no incumbent in the race), and "T" indicates a (post-1800) third party or independent ticket.
  5. ^abcdThe candidate's most recently held elected or senior appointive position on election day. If they did not hold such a position, their occupation is listed instead. For elections held prior to the1848 presidential election (the first election with a national election day), the column reflects the candidate's position or occupation on November 1st of the year of the election.
  6. ^abcdThe candidate's age on election day. For elections held prior to the1848 presidential election (the first election with a national election day), the column reflects the candidate's age on November 1st of the year of the election.
  7. ^Shriver replaced the original Democratic vice presidential nominee, Missouri SenatorThomas Eagleton, after the latter withdrew from the ticket. Eagleton remains the only major party nominee to withdraw from the ticket after being nominated.[4]
  8. ^Sherman died before election day, andNicholas M. Butler received the electoral votes that would have gone to Sherman had he lived.[4]
  9. ^Bryan was also thePopulist nominee in 1896;Thomas E. Watson was his running mate on the Populist ticket. Bryan's popular and electoral vote numbers reflect his combined vote on both the Democratic and Populist tickets.
  10. ^Greeley and Brown were nominated by theLiberal Republican Party and were subsequently nominated by the Democratic Party at theirnational convention. Greeley died shortly after the election, but before the electoral votes were cast. Most of the electoral votes that would have been cast for Greeley insteadwent to former Indiana SenatorThomas A. Hendricks orBenjamin Gratz Brown. Greeley's EV% reflects what he would have won had he lived and if there were nofaithless electors.
  11. ^Lincoln and Johnson were nominated by a coalition of Republicans,War Democrats, and border stateUnionists that called itself the National Union Party.
  12. ^abThe Democratic Party held threenational conventions in 1860. The first produced a deadlock and the second nominated Douglas. A group of Southern Democrats bolted from the second convention and held a third convention, which nominated Breckinridge. The Breckinridge-Lane ticket is often labelled as the "Southern Democratic" ticket while the Douglas-Johnson ticket is sometimes labelled as the "Northern Democratic" ticket.
  13. ^Van Buren campaigned without a running mate as the party refused to re-nominate Vice PresidentRichard Mentor Johnson but was unable to agree on an alternative. A majority of Van Buren's electors ultimately cast their vice presidential vote for Johnson.
  14. ^Though Van Buren won a majority of electoral votes, Johnson only won a plurality as Virginia's electors voted for Van Buren for president andWilliam Smith for vice president. Under the terms of the12th Amendment, the Senate held acontingent election to elect the vice president, which Johnson won.
  15. ^abcdAs the Whig Party was unable to unite around a single candidate, three Whigs ran for president in the1836 presidential election; there was only one Whig ticket in each state.[5] William Henry Harrison was the Whig candidate in fifteen states, most of which were in the North, Hugh Lawson White was the Whig candidate in nine states, all of which were in the South, and Daniel Webster was the Whig candidate in Massachusetts. Additionally, Willie Person Mangum received the electoral votes of South Carolina, where the legislature determined the allocation of electoral votes. Despite facing multiple opponents, Democrat Martin Van Buren won re-election with a majority of the electoral vote.
  16. ^abcdWhigs electors split their votes among two vice presidential candidates in 1836.Francis Grangerwon most of the votes cast by electors that voted for Harrison or Webster, whileJohn Tyler won most of the votes of the White and Mangum electors.
  17. ^abcdIn 1824, the Democratic-Republicans failed to agree on one candidate, and four Democratic-Republican candidates received electoral votes. No candidate won a majority of the electoral vote, so the House of Representatives conducted acontingent election under the terms of the 12th Amendment. The House chose between the three candidates with the most electoral votes, which were Jackson, Adams, and Crawford. Adams won the contingent election.
  18. ^abcdIn 1824, several vice presidential candidates received electoral votes, but Calhounwon a majority of the electoral vote for vice president. Calhoun is italicized in the table because he appears twice for the same election.
  19. ^Monroe was essentially unopposed in the election. Afaithless elector,William Plumer, cast an electoral vote for Secretary of StateJohn Quincy Adams, while unpledged Federalist electors and the independent candidacy ofDeWitt Clinton won a small portion of the popular vote.
  20. ^King was not formally nominated and did not have a designated running mate. His electoral votes came from Federalist unpledged electors appointed by the state legislatures of Connecticut, Delaware, and Massachusetts.
  21. ^Clinton was supported by a mix of anti-Madison Democratic-Republicans and Federalists. Clinton himself remained in the Democratic-Republican Party. His running mate, Ingersoll, was a Federalist.
  22. ^Jefferson tied his running mate, Burr, in electoral votes. As Jefferson and Burr tied, theHouse held acontingent election between Jefferson and Burr. Jefferson won the contingent election to become president, while Burr became vice president.
  23. ^Though Adams won election as president, Pinckney did not win election as vice president. Instead,Thomas Jefferson won election as vice president since he had the second most electoral votes. In addition to Pinckney and Adams, five other Federalists received electoral votes.
  24. ^abThough Washington was essentially unopposed, Adams faced competition for the second most electoral votes in both 1789 and 1792. In 1789, Adams's strongest competition came fromJohn Jay of New York, while in 1792 Adams's strongest opposition came fromGeorge Clinton of New York.
  25. ^abByrd and Thurmond did not seek national office in 1960, but received the votes ofunpledged electors from Mississippi and Alabama.
  26. ^Cranfill was allowed to appear on state ballots despite the fact that he was constitutionally ineligible to be vice president due to his age.[6]
  27. ^Floyd did not actively campaign in the 1832 presidential election. He won the votes of South Carolina, where the legislature appointed electors.
  28. ^Clinton did not actively seek office in 1820.
  29. ^Most Federalists supported DeWitt Clinton in 1812, but King received some votes as a "straight Federalist."
  30. ^abThe New York legislature split its presidential electoral votes between James Madison and George Clinton, and its vice presidential electoral votes between Monroe and Madison.
  31. ^A group known as thetertium quids supported Monroe, but Monroe did not actively contest the election.

References

[edit]
  1. ^Blake, Aaron (April 27, 2016)."Why are there only two parties in American politics?".Washington Post. RetrievedSeptember 18, 2018.
  2. ^Kolodny, Robin (1996). "The Several Elections of 1824".Congress & the Presidency.23 (2). Washington, D.C.: American University:139–164.doi:10.1080/07343469609507834. andMoore, John L., ed. (1985).Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly, Inc. p. 266. TheSouth Carolina legislature continued to choose presidential electors until 1868, but, with only a small number of exceptions, all other states held popular votes after the 1828 election. Between 1848 and 1872, four newly-admitted (or re-admitted) states used legislative choice for a single election.
  3. ^ab"United States Presidential Election Results".Dave Leip's Atlas of Elections. Dave Leip. RetrievedSeptember 21, 2018.
  4. ^abCoren, Michael J. (October 8, 2016)."In US history, only two VP candidates were withdrawn: one's health was called into question and the other died". Quartz.
  5. ^Deskins et al. (2010), pp. 106–107
  6. ^Winger, Richard (April 2, 2012)."How the 1892 Presidential Election Sheds Light on the Question of Printing Underage Presidential and Vice-Presidential Candidates' Names on Ballots". Ballot Access News. RetrievedSeptember 7, 2017.

Sources and works cited

[edit]
  • Deskins, Donald Richard; Walton, Hanes; Puckett, Sherman (2010).Presidential Elections, 1789–2008: County, State, and National Mapping of Election Data. University of Michigan Press.ISBN 978-0472116973.
  • Gienapp, William E. (1987).The Origins of the Republican Party, 1852-1856. Oxford University Press.
  • Southwick, Leslie (1998).Presidential Also-Rans and Running Mates, 1788 through 1996 (Second ed.). McFarland.ISBN 0-7864-0310-1. Source for year of birth, age, and home state.
  • "United States Presidential Election Results".Dave Leip's Atlas of Elections. Dave Leip. RetrievedOctober 13, 2015. Source for popular and electoral vote.
  • "U.S. Electoral College".National Archives and Records Administration. RetrievedMay 27, 2017. Source for popular and electoral vote.
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Third parties
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