Flowering plants in the order Liliales recorded from South Africa
Liliales is anorder ofmonocotyledonous flowering plants in theAngiosperm Phylogeny Group andAngiosperm Phylogeny Web system , within thelilioid monocots . Both the order Lililiales and the family Liliaceae have had a widely disputed history, with thecircumscription varying greatly from one taxonomist to another. Previous members of this order, which at one stage included most monocots with conspicuoustepals and lackingstarch in theendosperm are now distributed over three orders, Liliales,Dioscoreales andAsparagales , using predominantlymolecular phylogenetics . The newly delimited Liliales ismonophyletic , with ten families. Thus circumscribed, this order consists mostly ofherbaceous plants, butlianas andshrubs also occur. They are mostlyperennial plants , with foodstorage organs such ascorms orrhizomes . The order has worldwide distribution, and consists of 10 families, 67 genera and about 1,768 species.
Theanthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be aclade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained theangiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such asroses andgrasses - as well as theGnetales and the extinctBennettitales .[ 1]
23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[ 2] biomes have been described in South Africa:Fynbos , SucculentKaroo ,desert ,Nama Karoo ,grassland ,savanna ,Albany thickets , theIndian Ocean coastal belt , andforests .[ 3]
The 2018South African National Biodiversity Institute 'sNational Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phylaAnthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)),Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)),Bryophyta (mosses (685)),Cycadophyta (cycads (42)),Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)),Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)),Pinophyta (conifers (33)), andPteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[ 4]
Fivefamilies are represented in the literature. Listedtaxa includespecies ,subspecies ,varieties , andforms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa assynonyms , in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflecttaxonomic revision over time.
Family:Alstroemeriaceae ,[ 4]
GenusAlstroemeria [ 4]
Family:Colchicaceae ,[ 4]
GenusAndrocymbium [ 4]
Androcymbium albanense Colchicum albanense Androcymbium albanense Schonland subsp.clanwilliamense Pedrola, Membrives & J.M.Monts. accepted asColchicum clanwilliamense Androcymbium albomarginatum Colchicum albomarginatum Androcymbium asteroides Colchicum asteroides Androcymbium austrocapense Colchicum austrocapense Androcymbium bellum Colchicum bellum Androcymbium burchellii Colchicum coloratum burchellii (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemicAndrocymbium burkei Colchicum burkei Androcymbium capense Colchicum capense capense , endemicAndrocymbium cedarbergense Colchicum cedarbergense Androcymbium ciliolatum Colchicum capense ciliolatum (Schltr. & K.Krause) J.C.Manning & Vinn, endemicAndrocymbium circinatum Colchicum circinatum Androcymbium circinatum Baker subsp.vestitum U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted asColchicum circinatum vestitum (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies), endemicAndrocymbium crenulatum Colchicum crenulatum Androcymbium crispum Colchicum crispum Androcymbium cruciatum Colchicum cruciatum Androcymbium cuspidatum Colchicum cuspidatum Androcymbium decipiens Colchicum decipiens Androcymbium dregei Colchicum dregei Androcymbium eghimocymbion Colchicum eghimbocymbion Androcymbium eucomoides Colchicum eucomoides Androcymbium exiguum vogelii (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies) U.Mull.-Doblies & D, accepted asColchicum exiguum vogelii (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies), indigenousAndrocymbium greuterocymbium Colchicum greuterocymbium Androcymbium guttatum Colchicum circinatum circinatum , presentAndrocymbium hantamense Colchicum hantamense Androcymbium henssenianum Colchicum henssenianum Androcymbium hughocymbion Colchicum hughocymbion Androcymbium huntleyi Colchicum huntleyi Androcymbium irroratum Colchicum irroratum Androcymbium karooparkense Colchicum karooparkense Androcymbium knersvlaktense Colchicum knersvlaktense Androcymbium kunkelianum Colchicum kunkelianum Androcymbium latifolium Colchicum coloratum coloratum , endemicAndrocymbium leistneri Colchicum leistneri Androcymbium longipes Colchicum longipes Androcymbium melanthioides Colchicum melanthoides Androcymbium melanthioides Willd. subsp.australe U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted asColchicum melanthoides australe (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Dobli, endemicAndrocymbium melanthioides Willd. subsp.transvaalense U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies, accepted asColchicum melanthoides transvaalense (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-, indigenousAndrocymbium melanthioides Willd. var.striatum (A.Rich.) Baker, accepted asColchicum striatum Androcymbium melanthioides Willd. var.subulatum (Baker) Baker, accepted asColchicum melanthoides transvaalense (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-, presentAndrocymbium natalense Colchicum natalense Androcymbium orienticapense Colchicum orienticapense Androcymbium poeltianum Colchicum poeltianum Androcymbium praeirroratum Colchicum praeirroratum Androcymbium pulchrum Colchicum coloratum coloratum , presentAndrocymbium roseum Colchicum roseum Androcymbium scabromarginatum Colchicum scabromarginatum Androcymbium schlechteri Colchicum albomarginatum Androcymbium stirtonii Colchicum stirtonii Androcymbium striatum Colchicum striatum Androcymbium swazicum Colchicum swazicum Androcymbium undulatum Colchicum undulatum Androcymbium vanjaarsveldii Colchicum vanjaarsveldii Androcymbium villosum Colchicum villosum Androcymbium volutare Colchicum volutare Androcymbium walteri Colchicum walteri Androcymbium worsonense Colchicum worsonense GenusBaeometra [ 4]
GenusCamptorrhiza [ 4]
GenusColchicum [ 4]
Colchicum albanense Colchicum albofenestratum Colchicum albomarginatum Colchicum amphigaripense Colchicum asteroides Colchicum austrocapense Colchicum bellum Colchicum burkei Colchicum capense Colchicum capense (L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp.capense , endemicColchicum capense (L.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp.ciliolatum (Schltr. & K.Krause) J.C.Manning & Vinn, endemicColchicum cedarbergense Colchicum circinatum Colchicum circinatum (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp.circinatum , endemicColchicum circinatum (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp.vestitum (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies), endemicColchicum clanwilliamense Colchicum coloratum Colchicum coloratum J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp.burchellii (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemicColchicum coloratum J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp.coloratum , endemicColchicum crenulatum Colchicum crispum Colchicum cruciatum Colchicum cuspidatum Colchicum decipiens Colchicum dregei Colchicum eghimbocymbion Colchicum eucomoides Colchicum exiguum Colchicum exiguum (Roessler) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp.vogelii (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Doblies), endemicColchicum greuterocymbium Colchicum hantamense Colchicum henssenianum Colchicum hughocymbion Colchicum huntleyi Colchicum irroratum Colchicum karooparkense Colchicum knersvlaktense Colchicum kunkelianum Colchicum leistneri Colchicum longipes Colchicum melanthoides Colchicum melanthoides (Willd.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp.australe (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-Dobli, endemicColchicum melanthoides (Willd.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp.melanthoides , indigenousColchicum melanthoides (Willd.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. subsp.transvaalense (U.Mull.-Doblies & D.Mull.-, indigenousColchicum natalense]] (Baker) J.C.Manning & Vinn. endemicColchicum orienticapense Colchicum poeltianum Colchicum praeirroratum Colchicum scabromarginatum Colchicum stirtonii Colchicum striatum Colchicum swazicum Colchicum undulatum Colchicum vanjaarsveldii Colchicum villosum Colchicum volutare Colchicum walteri Colchicum worsonense GenusGloriosa [ 4]
GenusHexacyrtis [ 4]
GenusIphigenia [ 4]
GenusLittonia [ 4]
GenusNeodregea [ 4]
GenusOnixotis [ 4]
GenusOrnithoglossum [ 4]
GenusSandersonia [ 4]
GenusWurmbea [ 4]
Wurmbea angustifolia Wurmbea burttii Wurmbea capensis Wurmbea capensis Thunb. var.inusta Baker, accepted asWurmbea inusta Wurmbea capensis Thunb. var.latifolia (Baker) Baker, accepted asWurmbea variabilis Wurmbea capensis Thunb. var.longiflora (Baker) Baker, accepted asWurmbea dolichantha Wurmbea capensis Thunb. var.purpurea (Aiton) Baker, accepted asWurmbea marginata Wurmbea capensis Thunb. var.truncata (Schltdl.) Baker, accepted asWurmbea monopetala Wurmbea compacta Wurmbea dolichantha Wurmbea elatior Wurmbea elongata Wurmbea glassii Wurmbea hiemalis Wurmbea inusta Wurmbea kraussii Wurmbea marginata Wurmbea minima Wurmbea monopetala Wurmbea punctata Wurmbea pusilla Wurmbea recurva Wurmbea robusta Wurmbea spicata Wurmbea spicata (Burm.f.) T.Durand & Schinz var.spicata , endemicWurmbea spicata (Burm.f.) T.Durand & Schinz var.ustulata (B.Nord.) B.Nord. endemicWurmbea stricta Wurmbea tenuis Wurmbea tenuis (Hook.f.) Baker subsp.australis B.Nord. indigenousWurmbea variabilis Family:Liliaceae ,[ 4]
GenusLilium [ 4]
GenusOrchiastrum [ 4]
GenusScillopsis [ 4]
Scillopsis anguinea Lachenalia anguinea Scillopsis angustifolia Lachenalia contaminata Scillopsis bifolia Lachenalia rosea Scillopsis contanimata Lachenalia contaminata Scillopsis fragrans Lachenalia pallida Scillopsis hyacinthoides Lachenalia contaminata Scillopsis isopetala Lachenalia isopetala Scillopsis liliiflora Lachenalia liliiflora Scillopsis lucida Lachenalia pallida Scillopsis mediana Lachenalia mediana Scillopsis nervosa Lachenalia nervosa Scillopsis orthopetala Lachenalia orthopetala Scillopsis patula Lachenalia patula Scillopsis purpurea Lachenalia pallida Scillopsis purpureo-caerulea Lachenalia purpureo-caerulea Scillopsis pustulata Lachenalia pallida Scillopsis racemosa Lachenalia pallida Scillopsis rosea Lachenalia rosea Scillopsis unicolor Lachenalia pallida Scillopsis unifolia Lachenalia unifolia Scillopsis violacea Lachenalia violacea Family:Melanthiaceae ,[ 4]
GenusMelanthium [ 4]
Family:Smilacaceae ,[ 4]
GenusSmilax [ 4]
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