The following is a list of people who were formally indicted for committingwar crimes orcrimes against humanity on behalf of theAxis powers duringWorld War II, including those who were acquitted or never received judgement. It does not include people who may have committed war crimes but were never formally indicted, or who were indicted only for other types of crimes.
Martin Bormann – Guilty, sentencedin absentia to death by hanging. Later proven he committed suicide to avoid capture at the end of World War II in Europe, and remains discovered in 1972 were conclusively proven to be Bormann by forensic tests on the skull in 1998. Nonetheless,Simon Wiesenthal,Hugh Thomas andReinhard Gehlen refused to accept this. Gehlen further argued Bormann was the secret Russiandouble agent 'Sasha'.
Karl Dönitz – Guilty, sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment.
Hans Frank – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging
Wilhelm Frick – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging
Hans Fritzsche – Acquitted. Tried, convicted and sentenced to nine years' imprisonment by a separate West German denazification court. Released September 1950.
Walther Funk – Guilty, sentenced to life imprisonment, released in 1957 due to poor health.
Hermann Göring – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging but committed suicide by ingesting cyanide two hours before the sentence was to be carried out.
Rudolf Hess – Guilty, sentenced to life imprisonment, committed suicide in prison in 1987.
Alfred Jodl – Guilty, sentenced to death by hanging.Henri Donnedieu de Vabres called the verdict a mistake in 1947. In 1953, thedenazification courts reversed the decision and found Jodl not guilty. Within months, the decision of the denazification court was itself overturned. His property, confiscated in 1946, was returned to his widow.
Robert Ley – Committed suicide before his trial began.
Konstantin von Neurath – Guilty, sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment (released 1954 on grounds of ill health).
Franz von Papen – Acquitted. Tried, convicted and sentenced to eight years' imprisonment by a separate West German denazification court. Released on appeal in 1949.
Erich Raeder – Guilty, sentenced to life imprisonment (released 1955 on grounds of ill health).
Alfried Krupp – Guilty, sentenced to 12 years' imprisonment plus forfeiture of property. Was released byJohn J. McCloy 1951, and had his property returned to him
Hermine Braunsteiner – A female camp guard at bothRavensbrück andMajdanek, she was sentenced inGraz to three years imprisonment on April 7, 1948, for her crimes in Ravensbruck and released in April 1950. She was laterextradited from theUnited States toWest Germany in 1973 for her crimes in Majdanek. Sentenced to life imprisonment on June 30, 1981, she was released in 1996 due to poor health.
Amon Göth – Thecommandant of theKraków-Płaszów concentration camp, he was sentenced to death on September 5, 1946, and executed by hanging inKraków on September 13, 1946.
August Meyszner – The Higher SS and Police Leader in German-occupiedSerbia, he was sentenced to death on December 22, 1946, and executed by hanging inBelgrade on January 24, 1947.
Hanns Albin Rauter – The Higher SS and Police Leader in theNetherlands, he was sentenced to death on May 4, 1948, atThe Hague and executed by firing squad on March 25, 1949.
Siegfried Seidl – The commandant of theTheresienstadt concentration camp, he was sentenced to death inVienna on November 14, 1946, and executed by hanging on February 4, 1947.
Søren Kam – (1921–2015) Member of theNazi Party of Denmark, who fled from Denmark to Germany after the war, and later became a German citizen. On September 21, 2006, Kam was detained in the German town ofKempten im Allgäu. He was wanted in Denmark for the assassination of Danish newspaper editorCarl Henrik Clemmensen in Copenhagen in August 1943.
Important Dutch collaborators sentenced by the special tribunals in The Netherlands in connection with the Second World War.There have been 14,562 convictions pronounced by the special tribunals, and 49,920 sentences by courts. The special tribunals sentenced in more than 10,000 cases to prison sentences of 3 years or more, and in 152 cases condemned the guilty persons to death, many of which were commuted to life sentences or less. The other courts decided in 30,784 cases on internment of 1 up to 10 years and in 38,984 cases on forfeit of certain civil rights.
Otto Abetz – Sentenced to 20 years' imprisonment in 1949, appealed in 1952, released in 1954
Richard Baer – Sturmbannführer, commander of the Auschwitz I concentration camp. Lived under the pseudonym of Karl Neumann after the War. Then discovered in 1960 and arrested.
Klaus Barbie – Sentenced to life imprisonment in 1987, died after serving four years' imprisonment
Friedrich Christiansen – Arrested, tried and convicted of war crimes and sentenced in 1948 to 12 years' imprisonment inArnhem; Released prematurely in December 1951 on grounds of ill health; Died inAukrug,Germany on December 3, 1972.
Kurt Christmann – SS-Obersturmbannführer and commander of Einsatzkommando 10a inKrasnodar,Russia; Arrested, tried and convicted under Article 6 of the IMT Statute (Crimes Against Humanity) and sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment on December 19, 1980; Died on April 4, 1987.[8]
Adolf Eichmann – Lived for years inArgentina, captured byIsraeli agents in 1960, convicted of high crimes against the Jewish nation and humanity, in Israel, and executed on June 1, 1962.
Arthur Greiser -Gauleiter ofWartheland, he was sentenced to death for genocide in Poland and hanged inPoznań on July 21, 1946.
Friedrich Hildebrandt -Gauleiter ofMecklenburg, he was sentenced to death by the U.S. military for issuing orders to shoot parachuting U.S. airmen, and was hanged inLandsberg prison on November 5, 1948.
Friedrich Jeckeln - The Higher SS and Police Leader in Southern Russia and then in the Baltics, he was sentenced to death in theRiga Trial on February 3, 1946, and executed by hanging the same day.
Herbert Kappler – Sentenced by Italy to life imprisonment in 1947. Escaped from prison in 1977, then died in 1978
Erich Koch - TheGauleiter ofEast Prussia andReichskommissar in Ostland and in Ukraine. He was sentenced to death in March 1959 in Poland but this was commuted to life imprisonment, and he died November 12, 1986.
Reinhold Kulle - SS guard at the Gross-Rosen concentration camp in Poland.[9] Immigrated to the United States in 1957. Found guilty of lying on his immigration application by concealing his role in the SS, and deported to West Germany in 1987, where he was set free.[10][11]
Hanns Ludin - SA general and German ambassador toSlovakia, sentenced to death and hanged inBratislava on December 9, 1947.
Kurt Meyer – Sentenced to death by a Canadian military court, later reduced to life imprisonment, then to 14 years' imprisonment, served 10 years.
Willy Tensfeld – SS and Police Leader "Oberitalien-West," he was charged with war crimes against Italian partisans. Acquitted by a British military tribunal in April 1947.
László Bárdossy – Prime Minister of Hungary from April 1941 to March 1942. Sentenced to death.
László Deák - Hungarian Colonel involved in theNovi Sad massacre. Later a Waffen-SS Colonel. Sentenced to death.
Ferenc Feketehalmy-Czeydner - Hungarian General commanded the Novi Sad massacre. Later a Waffen-SS General. Deputy Minister of Defense under Szálasi. Sentenced to death.
József Grassy - Hungarian General involved in the Novi Sad massacre. Later a Waffen-SS General. Sentenced to death.
Béla Imrédy – Prime Minister of Hungary 1938–1939. Sentenced to death.
Károly Beregfy - Hungarian General and Minister of Defense under Szálasi. Sentenced to death.
Ferenc Szombathelyi - Hungarian Chief of the General Staff September 1941 to April 1944. Sentenced to death.
Edgars Laipenieks - [B.June 25, 1913] Former Olympic athlete (1936 Summer Games 5000m run).[12] Worked for the Latvian Political Police as an administrator of Riga Central Prison for political prisoners during Nazi occupation.[13] "Witnesses who testified in 1982 at a deportation hearing in San Diego said Laipenieks was responsible for ordering the execution there of at least 200 prisoners from 1941 to 1943."[12] Recruited by the CIA in 1960.[14] Moved to the US in 1960 and worked under the name Edgar Laipenieks as a sports coach.[15][16] In 1985 he moved to La Jolla, California and died March 29, 1998 age 84
Konrāds Kalējs – A member of theArajs Kommando.Immigrated toAustralia in 1950; moved to the United States in 1959; deported from the United States to Australia in 1994; fled from Australia to Canada in 1995; deported from Canada 1997; moved to England; and then to Australia. Died in Australia in 2001.
Boļeslavs Makovskis –[b.21 January 1904] Fled from the United States to West Germany in 1987; put on trial in 1990; his trial was quashed.Died 19 April 1996
Elmārs Sproģis – [b.November 26, 1914] Sproģis was charged with concealing his role as assistant police chief in Nazi-occupied Latvia when he applied for U.S. citizenship in 1950. A witness "said Sprogis ordered him to deliver valuables taken from Jews scheduled to be executed."[17] In 1984, a federal judge ruled the government had failed to prove Sproģis "had helped the Nazis kill Jews in Latvia during World War II."[18] In 1985 his residence was firebombed; he died New York 10 July 1991
Aleksandras Lileikis - Chief of Lithuania's secret police during Nazi occupation. Recruited by the CIA in Munich in 1952. Entered the United States in 1955 and settled in central Massachusetts. Deported to Lithuania in 1996.[19]: 213–226 Died 26 September 2000
Juozas Kisielaitis - Member of Lithuanian 12thLithuanian Auxiliary PoliceSchutzmannschaft, responsible for the murder of thousands of Jews.[20][21][22] Fled the US, where he was residing under the name "Joseph" or "Joe" Kisielaitis, for Canada in 1984.[23][24]
Kazys Gimzauskas - Second-in-command to Aleksandras Lileikis in the Lithuanian secret police during Nazi occupation. In charge of "interrogating" Jews. Recruited by the CIA. Moved to St. Petersburg, Florida, in 1955.[19]: 218 Convicted of genocide but spared prison for health reasons.[25]
Vladas Zajanckauskas – In 2005 at the age 89, his U.S. citizenship was ordered revoked in 2007. He was ordered to be deported.
Antanas Mineikis, [died November 1997] age 80. After the war, Mineikis fled Lithuania and settled in the United States. He was deported to Lithuania after he was stripped of his U.S. citizenship in 1992 for concealing his wartime service in a Nazi-led execution squad.[26]
July 11, 2001 US Department of Justice deportrtion of Algimantas Dailide 80 [Update Jan 14, 2004 — Algimantas Dailide, 82, a retired real estate agent living in Gulfport, Florida, has permanently departed the United States for Germany][27]
Dmytro Sawchuk - Guard at Trawniki and Poniatowa slave-labor camps, and at Belzec death camp.[28] Became a naturalized US citizen in 1957.[29] Sawchuk fled the United States in 1999 and renounced his citizenship.[30]
TheRavensbrück trials of the camp officials from the Ravensbrück concentration camp.
War-responsibility trials in Finland – a series of trials of the Finnish leadership, originally established for war crimes but held without war crime indictments
