Nearby is thecastle of Rötteln on the Wiesental, whose lords became the counts of Hachberg and a residence of theMargraves of Baden; this was destroyed by the troops ofLouis XIV in 1678, but was rebuilt in 1867. Lörrach received market rights in 1403, but it did not obtain the privileges of a city until 1682.
After the Napoleonic epoch, the town was included in theGrand Duchy of Baden. On 21 September 1848,Gustav Struve attempted to start a revolutionary uprising in Lörrach as part of theRevolutions of 1848–49. It failed, and Struve was caught and imprisoned. Still, Lörrach was officially the capital of Germany for a day.
Lörrach is located in the southernmost part of theRhine Rift valley. Thedepression is created by tectonic movements, and the area has a high earthquake risk. Several times a year, Lörrach is afflicted by slight and medial earthquakes.
The city is located in a valley of theQuaternary period. Lörrach is surrounded by slopes on two sides. The slopes create the southern part of theWiesental, that is the valley where theWiese river flows.
Geographical locations of the subdistrict Lörrach:
Elevation of the lowest place: 272 m (in the valleyWiesental at the border with Switzerland)
Elevation of the highest place: 570 m (in the forest ofRötteln)
The extent of the urban area from south to north is 6.0 km and from east to west 4.6 km. Lörrach is also the capital city ofMarkgräflerland and a part of the tri-nationalagglomeration area ofBasel (Switzerland).Stuttgart is 220 km away from Lörrach, and it takes one hour to drive toBern orZürich. The city has several forested hills along the valley Wiesental:Schädelberg, Homburg,Röttler Wald, andTüllinger Berg.
Lörrach is bounded by many municipalities and the city of Riehen (Switzerland). In addition, it is located in the foothills of theBlack Forest and on the border of Switzerland.
Lörrach's climate is mild, and in the summer, it is often hot.[clarification needed] The region ofMarkgräflerland is the warmest in Germany because of the Mediterranean air current from the valley of theRhône. Because of its numerous sunny days, the region is dubbed the German Tuscany (German:Die Toskana Deutschlands).[citation needed]
The three districts have their own administrations with a chief magistrate (Ortsvorsteher). Every five years, the citizens of Lörrach elect the council of the districts. Thesatellite citySalzert was developed in 1963.Inzlingen, close to Lörrach, is an independent municipality, but Lörrach oversees its administration.
In September, Gustav Struve declared the new 'German Republic' from the town hall of Lörrach after the failedrevolution. Some days later, he was arrested.
1862
TheWiesentalbahn between Basel, Lörrach, and Schopfheim was opened. A railway connection to Weil and Säckingen was extended to Lörrach in 1890. Also,Carl Christian Renaux was born on 11 March.
Ruins ofRötteln Castle in LörrachSt. Ottilien church in TüllingenView to a street with church (die Germanuskirche) in Brombach
Lörrach received its city rights in 1682 when it became the capital of the Oberamt Rötteln-Sausenberg. At the same time, its arms were granted. The arms show acanting lark (Lerche). In 1756, both the city rights and the arms were regranted byMargraveCharles Frederick of Baden. The colours are also the colours of Baden. Even though the arms have not changed since, the shape and size of the lark have changed considerably. The present arms have been used since the early 1960s and show a very modern variation of the lark. After municipal reforms, the coat of arms was reconfirmed on 11 November 1975.
Lörrach initially belonged to the diocese of Konstanz and was under thearchdiocese ofBreisgau. In 1529, after theReformation had been introduced there, the parsonage of Lörrach was occupied from Basel. The reformation in the city was introduced in 1556. After that, Lörrach was for many centuries a predominantly Protestant city. In Rötteln, an archdiocese had existed since the beginning of the 15th century, which at the end of the 17th century, shifted to Lörrach. The Protestant pastor of Lörrach was from 1682 an intendant, too. TheStadtkirche is the main church of Lörrach (first mentioned in the 12th century). In addition, Lörrach has a few parishes:Johannespfarrei (founded in the 20th century),Pauluspfarrei for the northern city (founded in 1906),Matthäuspfarrei for the eastern city, Inzlingen (founded in 1949),Markuspfarrei (founded in 1956), Salzertgemeinde (founded in 1969), andFriedensgemeinde for the district of Homburg (founded in 1974).
The borough of Stetten was controlled byAustria until 1803. Therefore, Stetten has a Catholic tradition, although the Reformation had been introduced years before. Because of a contract with Austria, Stetten again became Catholic. At first, the parish of Stetten also served the resident Catholics of Lörrach. They held their church services in the new church, theFridolinskirche (1822). The original church of Stettens was founded in the 13th century. Between 1864 and 1867 in Lörrach, its own parish church (St. Bonifatius) was built, at which a curacy was created that was raised to the status of a parsonage in 1882. A second Catholic church (St. Peter) was built in 1964. In Brombach, they had already built in 1900 a church (St. Josephskirche), which has been a parsonage since 1911. All Catholic parishes of Lörrach today form together with the neighbouring parishes of St. Peter and Paul in Inzlingen a group pastoral ministry within the deanery of Wiesental belonging to the archbishopricFreiburg.
Today, the Lutheran denomination has a slight predominance in the city. In the borough of Stetten exists a relative Catholic majority.
Beside the two large churches, some parishes belong tofree churches; for example, theFreie evangelische Gemeinde orFeG Lörrach (English: Free Evangelical community).
The municipal council of Lörrach consists of 32 volunteer aldermen and alderwomen, whose chairman is the Oberbürgermeisterin (mayor). The municipal council is elected for a period of five years by the citizenry.
The last election from 13 June 2004 had a percentage of voting of 41.2% and resulted in the following allocation of seats in the city hall of Lörrach:
Thechronicle of Lörrach reports of aJohann von Schallbach in the year 1366 as the firstVogt. The office designation of mayor was reserved for the local chiefs of the cities. The first mayor of Lörrach wasMarx Christoph Leibfried, who took office in 1882, the year the municipality was first awardedtown privileges. He was employed by theMarkgraf. Since 1956, the city head is the Oberbürgermeister, who is selected directly by the citizens.
The town supports approximately 18,300 jobs. Retailers gained a business volume of 342.7 million euros in the year 2004. Approximately a fifth of this business volume was generated by customers from Switzerland.
Bundesautobahn 98 passes Lörrach. Thereby it has a direct connection to theBundesautobahn 5 and to theA35 autoroute in France. TheA2 motorway and theA3 motorway of Switzerland are also near Lörrach. TheBundesstraße B 317, from Titisee-Neustadt across the pass of theFeldberg, is the most important arterial road of the city. The Bundesstraße 317 is interrupted by Switzerland. At present the B 317 is built through the Swiss territory as duty-free road.
The principal railway station in Lörrach isLörrach Hauptbahnhof, with frequent service provided by theBasel S-Bahn. There are a half-dozen other stations within the municipality. The terminal connects Lörrach withHildesheim,Bremen,Hamburg andBerlin. From 1919 to 1939 as well as from 1947 to 1967 Line 6 of the tram of Basel operated as the urban tram of Lörrach. Lörrach has some local and regional bus connections. They belong to theRegio Verkehrsverbund Lörrach [de]. The nearest international airport, theEuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg, is 14 km away from Lörrach.
Lörrach as a district accommodates the district administration office and a highway maintenance depot. Lörrach has several schools of all school types plus aFolk high school, a municipal library with over 65,000 books, a scientific regional library,[9] a school of music, and two other smaller libraries. The local court of Lörrach is responsible for cities and municipalities in the district. Furthermore, there is a labour court in Lörrach, which constitutes the first jurisdiction for the districts of Lörrach and Waldshut. In addition there are three Superior Courts of Justice inRadolfzell am Bodensee. Lörrach also has a tax office, a labour office, a motorway police (German:Autobahnpolizei), and a criminal investigation department. Lörrach's hospital opened on 1 October 1845, at that time as an urban infirmary. On 1 January 1994 the three hospitals of Lörrach, Rheinfelden, and Schopfheim were pooled into aGmbH. Today the hospital of Lörrach has 351 beds.
One of the most well-known companies and employers in Lörrach is the chocolate manufacturerMondelez Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, well known for the brand ofchocolateconfectionaryMilka andSuchard. Lörrach was the home of the GABA Deutschland GmbH, a pharmaceutical company that produced the famouselmex, meridol andaronal toothpaste.Colgate-Palmolive acquired Gaba's parent company Gaba Holding AG in 2004[10] and closed down the Lörrach-based factory in 2012.[11]
Other companies of note:
KBC Fashion GmbH & Co. KG, textile finishing company
Tally Weijl Retail Germany GmbH, the German arm of the Basel based fashion label
A. Raymond GmbH & Co. KG, the German arm of the international engineering group
Streck Transportges. mbH, Transport & Logistics company
Two daily newspapers are based in Lörrach and have a local editorial office:Badische Zeitung andDie Oberbadische. Die Oberbadische (formerly Oberbadisches Volksblatt), published in the city, is Lörrach's oldest newspaper (founded 1885). In addition theOberbadische Verlagshaus publishes the two newspapersWeiler Zeitung undMarkgräfler Tagblatt. The city magazinePuls is published monthly and reports on events in and around Lörrach.
Lörrach is the home to an annual voice festival (Stimmen) that takes place in early summer, in 2010 from 14 July to 8 August. The festival has many venues in and around Lörrach including Weil am Rhein. The motto of the festival is "Passion that sounds" (German:Leidenschaft, die klingt) (alternate translation: "Passion you can hear"). The festival exists since 1994.
Annually, numerous meetings and exchanges between schools and associations take place. The Hebel Gymnasium School in Lörrach takes part in an annual school exchange withThe Mountbatten School in Romsey, England. WithVyshhorod inUkraine exists a friendly connection. In 2004Loerrach International was created, an association for the advancement of the partnerships between cities and international friendships. In 2005 a cultural partnership was substantiated withEdirne inTurkey.
.jpg)
