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Kuzma's mother

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Character in a Russian idiom describing punishment

Humorous monument of Kuzka and his mother inOdoyev

Kuzma's mother, orKuzka's mother (Russian:Кузькина мать – [ˈkusʲkʲɪnə ˈmatʲ],Kuzkina mat;Kuzka is a diminutive of the given nameKuzma), is part of theRussian proverb "to show Kuzka's mother (to someone)" (Russian:Показать кузькину мать (кому-либо) – [pɐkɐˈzatʲ ˈkusʲkʲɪnʊ ˈmatʲ (kɐˈmulʲɪbə)],Pokazat kuzkinu mat (komu-libo)), an expression of an unspecified threat or punishment, such as "to teach someone a lesson", "to punish someone in a brutal way", and "to give someone what for". It entered the history of theforeign relations of the Soviet Union as part of the image ofNikita Khrushchev, along with theshoe-banging incident and the phrase "We will bury you".

In his memoirs, Khrushchev mentions various "interesting and peculiar situations", including an occasion of him using the expression, but he mentioned that it was not the first time it confused the translators.^[1] The footnote in the volume to this item says that the 1999 Russian edition gave a mistaken "scientific etymology" of the expression derived from the folk name,Kuzka the bug, of the pest insectAnisoplia austriaca, which overwinters deep under the soil, making it difficult to uncover. According to the editors, this was guesswork on the part of an annotator.^{[citation needed]}

During a discussion aboutcommunism andcapitalism, Khrushchev boasted that the Soviet Union will "catch up with and surpass" (Russian:догонит и перегонит,romanized: dogonit i peregonit) the United States, and "we shall show you Kuzka's mother". The stunned interpreter said something literal about the mother of Kuzma.^[2]

Phraseological dictionaries from the 19th century record other versions of the saying about Kuzka's mother, such as "to let someone know Kuzka's mother's name", or "to learn Kuzka's mother's name".^[3]

Because of the phrase's use inCold War diplomacy, it became a code word for theatomic bomb. In particular, theTsar Bomba had a yield of 50 MT and was athermonuclear test device, nicknamed "Kuzka's mother" by its builders.^[4]^[5]^[6]

References

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^Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev. Vol. III: Statesman,Penn State Press, 2007,ISBN 0-271-02935-8,p. 269
^"Viktor Sukhodrev"(in Russian) Виктор Суходрев: НЕ ВСЕ ЗОЛОТО, ЧТО МОЛЧИТ, 19 September 2003 – "Никита Сергеевич привычно заговорил, что Советский Союз догонит и перегонит Америку, и, мол, вообще: 'Покажем мы вам кузькину мать!' Переводчик от неожиданности растерялся и произнес неловкую фразу о матери Кузьмы."
^Khodiashchiya i Metkiya Slova (1896)p. 326, digitized version atGoogle Books(in Russian)
^"Tsar Bomba".Atomic Heritage Foundation. Retrieved2022-11-18.
^"Russia to display mega H-bomb copy in Moscow".BBC News. 2015-08-18. Retrieved2022-11-18.
^Guzeva, Alexandra (2022-01-05)."Who is 'Kuzma's mother' and why did Khrushchev want to show her to the U.S.?".Russia Beyond. Retrieved2022-11-18.[...] Soviet builders of the thermonuclear Tsar Bomba, AN602, also nicknamed it 'Kuzma's mother'. But already in the true meaning of this idiom.

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