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Aklobuk is an item ofmonastic clothing worn by monks and, in the Russian tradition, also by nuns, in theByzantine Rite, composed of akalimavka (stiffened round black headcovering) with anepanokalimavkion, a veil which completely covers the kalimavka and hangs down over the shoulders and back.
In the Greek tradition, the epanokalimavkion is simply laid over the kalimavka and allowed to hang freely,[note 1][note 2] but in the Russian tradition they are permanently attached.
Tonsured monastics always wear a klobuk in church and the refectory and whenever else formally dressed. During the services, there are specified times when monks are to remove the klobuk and lay it on their left shoulder to denote reverence for the sacred, e.g., when the deacon brings the chalice out through theholy doors for Holy Communion. Nuns do not normally remove the klobuk at any time during services.[note 3]
In the Russian traditionArchbishops and Metropolitans usually wear a small jewelledcross on the front of their klobuk as a mark of their rank.[photo 1]Metropolitans can wear a klobuk that is white rather than black.[photo 2]
The patriarchs ofRomania andSerbia also wear a white klobuk.
The patriarchs ofMoscow andGeorgia wear an archaic form of klobuk that is rounded on top, and the former's is white,embroidered, and surmounted with a cross.[photo 3]
Patriarchs and bishops of theCoptic Catholic[photo 4] andArmenian Catholic[photo 5] churches wear klobuks as well, although it is not a headgear worn by theirOriental Orthodox counterparts. Red klobuks have been worn by a Coptic Catholic patriarch,[photo 6] an Armenian Catholiccatholicos,[photo 7] and aUkrainian Catholicmajor archbishop[photo 8] after being elevated to thecardinalate. A purple klobuk has been used by a Ukrainian Catholic bishop.[photo 9]
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