Around 8000 BC, early Native American inhabitants arrived in the area, with numerous successive cultures following inprehistoric times. Historic tribes encountered by Europeans included theKiowa,Comanche, andLipan Apache.[5]
In 1845,Prince Carl of Solms-Braunfels secured the title to 1,265 acres (512 ha) of the Veramendi grant, including the Comal Springs and River, for the Adelsverein. Thousands of German immigrants were stranded at port of disembarkation,Indianola onMatagorda Bay. With no food or shelter, living in holes dug into the ground, an estimated 50% died from disease or starvation.[8][9]Joshua Brown, in 1846, became the first settler.[10]
The Texas State Convention of Germans met in San Antonio on May 14–15, 1854, and adopted a political, social, and religious platform, including: 1) Equal pay for equal work, 2) Direct election of the President of the United States, 3) Abolition of capital punishment, 4) “Slavery is an evil, the abolition of which is a requirement of democratic principles..”, 5) Free schools – including universities – supported by the state, without religious influence, and 6) Total separation of church and state.[11] The next year, United States Army postCamp Verde was established.[12]Kerr County was formed in 1856 from Bexar Land District Number 2. Joshua Brown donated the land that became Kerrville, and had it named for his friendJames Kerr.Kerrville was named the county seat.[5] TheU.S. Camel Corps, headquartered at Verde, was the brainchild ofUnited States Secretary of War (1853–57)Jefferson Davis.[13]Center Point was established in 1859.[14]
In 1860–1861, the county population was 634, including 49 slaves. TheSons of Hermann lodge, for descendants of German heritage, was established in the county. The lodge is named for German chieftain folk heroHermann the Cherusker.[5] A bitterly divided Kerr County voted 76–57 in 1861 forsecession from the Union, with mostGerman residents being against it. Unionists from Kerr,Gillespie, andKendall Counties participated in the formation of theUnion League, an organization which supported presidentAbraham Lincoln's policies.[15] The Union League formed companies to protect the frontier against Indians and their families against local Confederate forces.Conscientious objectors to the military draft were primarily amongTejanos and Germans. Confederate authorities imposed martial law on Central Texas. TheNueces massacre occurred inKinney County.Jacob Kuechler served as a guide for 61 conscientious objectors attempting to flee to Mexico.Scottish-born Confederate irregular James Duff and hisDuff's Partisan Rangers pursued and overtook them at the Nueces River; 34 were killed, some executed after being taken prisoner. Jacob Kuechler survived the battle. The cruelty shocked the people of Gillespie County. About 2,000 took to the hills to escape Duff's reign of terror. Spring Creek Cemetery nearHarper in Gillespie County has a singular grave with the names Sebird Henderson, Hiram Nelson, Gus Tegener, and Frank Scott. The inscription reads, “Hanged and thrown in Spring Creek by Col. James Duff’s Confederate Regiment.”[16][17]
TheTreue der Union Monument ("Loyalty to the Union") in Comfort was dedicated to the Texans slain at the Nueces massacre August 10, 1866. It is the only monument to the Union outside of the National Cemeteries on Confederate territory, and is one of only six such sites allowed to fly the United States flag at half-mast in perpetuity.[18][19]The Y O Ranch was founded in 1880 by Charles Armand Schreiner, who had opened astore in the area in 1869.[20]
In 1876, Lipan Apaches raided nearCenter Point in one of the last raids made by Native Americans in the county.[21]
On October 5, 1878, the last Indian raid in the county occurred at the present day community ofMountain Home, when four children of the Dowdy family were murdered by either Kickapoos or Lipan Apaches.[22][23]
TheSchreiner Institute was established in Kerrville from 1917 to 1923.[25] In 1926, Ora Johnson established Camp Waldemar Christian girls camp inHunt.[26]
Mooney Aircraft was established in 1929 in Kerrville.[27]Kerrville was begun to be called the "Mohair Capital of the World" in 1930.[5]The Sid Peterson Memorial Hospital was completed in 1949.[28]
During the 2025Independence Day weekend, the county was affected by catastrophicflash flooding after more than 20 inches of rain rapidly fell in and around Kerr County. Numerousflash flood emergencies were issued in Kerr County along theGuadalupe River. According to local authorities, at least 107 people in Kerr County died in the flooding, which killed at least 135 people overall (as of July 19).[30][31][32][33]
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,107.283 square miles (2,867.85 km2), of which 1,103.333 square miles (2,857.62 km2) is land and 3.950 square miles (10.23 km2) (0.36%) is water.[34] It is the 48th largest county in Texas by total area.[35]
U.S. Decennial Census[37] 1790–1960[38] 1900–1990[39] 1990–2000[40] 2010–2020[3]
As of the fourth quarter of 2024, the median home value in Kerr County was $298,747.[41]
As of the 2023American Community Survey, there are 22,267 estimated households in Kerr County with an average of 2.29 persons per household. The county has a median household income of $67,927. Approximately 12.0% of the county's population lives at or below thepoverty line. Kerr County has an estimated 54.4% employment rate, with 31.2% of the population holding a bachelor's degree or higher and 90.3% holding a high school diploma.[3]
The top five reported ancestries (people were allowed to report up to two ancestries, thus the figures will generally add to more than 100%) were English (86.3%), Spanish (12.4%), Indo-European (0.7%), Asian and Pacific Islander (0.3%), and Other (0.2%).
The median age in the county was 48.6 years.
Kerr County, Texas – racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
As of the 2024 estimate, there were 53,900 people and 22,267 households residing in the county. Thepopulation density was 48.85 inhabitants per square mile (18.9/km2). There were 26,122 housing units at an average density of 23.68 per square mile (9.1/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 92.9% White(67.5% NH White), 2.2% African American, 1.3% Native American, 1.5% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, _% from some other races and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 27.6% of the population.[47]
As of the2020 census, there were 52,598 people, 22,060 households, and 14,302 families residing in the county, and the median age was 50.6 years. 17.7% of residents were under the age of 18 and 30.3% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 94.3 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 92.1 males age 18 and over.[48]
The population density was 47.67 inhabitants per square mile (18.4/km2). There were 25,200 housing units at an average density of 22.84 per square mile (8.8/km2); 12.5% of the units were vacant, 71.8% of occupied units were owner-occupied, and 28.2% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.8% and the rental vacancy rate was 8.7%.[48]
Of the 22,060 households, 22.6% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 49.7% were married-couple households, 17.5% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 27.6% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[48]
As of the2010 census, there were 49,625 people, 20,550 households, and _ families residing in the county. The population density was 44.98 inhabitants per square mile (17.4/km2). There were 23,831 housing units at an average density of 21.60 per square mile (8.3/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 87.67%White, 1.78%African American, 0.72%Native American, 0.75%Asian, 0.06%Pacific Islander, 6.89% from some other races and 2.13% from two or more races.Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 23.97% of the population.
As of the2000 census, there were 43,653 people, 17,813 households, and 12,308 families residing in the county. The population density was 40.0 inhabitants per square mile (15.4/km2). There were 20,228 housing units at an average density of 18.0 per square mile (6.9/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 88.89%White, 1.78%African American, 0.56%Native American, 0.51%Asian, 0.05%Pacific Islander, 6.60% from some other races and 1.62% from two or more races.Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 19.13% of the population.
There were 17,813 households, out of which 25.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.80% weremarried couples living together, 9.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.90% were non-families. 27.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.84.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 22.70% under the age of 18, 6.70% from 18 to 24, 22.20% from 25 to 44, 23.50% from 45 to 64, and 24.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 92.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.80 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $34,283, and the median income for a family was $40,713. Males had a median income of $27,425 versus $21,149 for females. Theper capita income for the county was $19,767. About 10.30% of families and 14.50% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 21.60% of those under age 18 and 8.40% of those age 65 or over.
Kerr County has given the majority of its votes to Republican candidates in the majority of presidential elections since 1924. The only Democratic Party candidates to carry the county since then have beenFranklin D. Roosevelt, with diminishing margins in each of his four electoral victories, and TexanLyndon B. Johnson, winning by a narrow margin despite the1964 election being a nationallandslide victory.
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