Jolene Unsoeld | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Member of theU.S. House of Representatives fromWashington's3rd district | |
| In office January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1995 | |
| Preceded by | Don Bonker |
| Succeeded by | Linda Smith |
| Member of theWashington House of Representatives from the22nd district | |
| In office January 14, 1985 – January 9, 1989 | |
| Preceded by | Mike Kreidler |
| Succeeded by | Karen Fraser |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Jolene Bishoprick (1931-12-03)December 3, 1931 Corvallis, Oregon, U.S. |
| Died | November 28, 2021(2021-11-28) (aged 89) Olympia, Washington, U.S. |
| Party | Democratic |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 4 |
| Education | Oregon State University |
Jolene Bishoprick Unsoeld (December 3, 1931 – November 28, 2021) was an American politician who served as a member of theUnited States House of Representatives from 1989 to 1995. ADemocrat, Unsoeld representedWashington's 3rd congressional district in Congress, where she developed a reputation as a supporter ofenvironmentalist andfeminist causes.[1]
Unsoeld was born Jolene Bishoprick inCorvallis, Oregon, on December 3, 1931, the daughter of Cora (Trapman) and Stanley Bishoprick, who was in the timber business.[2][3]
She attendedOregon State University from 1949 to 1951. In 1951, she marriedWilli Unsoeld, a mountaineer and later college professor; they had four children.[4] Accompanying Willi to the Himalayas, she spent two years as director of an English-language education program for local residents inKathmandu,Nepal in the early 1960s.[5]
Unsoeld spent the 1970s and early 1980s as a citizen lobbyist in support of open government, including open public meetings and open public records. Her efforts led to the passing of Initiative 276 in 1972, and consequently the establishment of the Washington Public Disclosure Commission, and required disclosure of campaign contributions by candidates for elective office.[5][6]In 1977 she and Willi became concerned about proposed nuclear power plants, and joined in forming Fair Electric Rates Now (FERN), which was a ratepayer and environmental group that worked for many years opposing utility investment in nuclear energy, encouraging investment in energy conservation, and supporting utility rate design that rewarded consumers who used less power.[7] In 1984, she ran for the office of state representative, and served two terms in theWashington State Legislature prior to running for Congress in 1988.[1][5] WhileEMILY's List described her as "the conscience" of the state legislature,[7][8] she described herself as a "citizen meddler".[9]
After RepresentativeDon Bonker of the3rd district decided to run for Senate in1988, Unsoeld ran for the open seat to replace him. Unsoeld faced moderate Clark County CommissionerJohn McKibbin in the primary, who depicted Unsoeld as too liberal for the district. In the general election, Unsoeld narrowly defeated her Republican opponent by just 618 votes out of more than 218,000 votes cast.[5]
Due to the close margin, Unsoeld's victory was only affirmed after a recount, five weeks after election day.[1] Unsoeld's campaign was endorsed byEMILY's List, in what was described as one of the organization's early victories.[10]
Upon taking office, Unsoeld's first action was signing onto a gay-rights bill.[5] During her three terms in Congress, she worked hardest on the federalFreedom of Information Act, but she became best known for her opposition togun control despite being very liberal on other issues. Unsoeld opposed theNorth American Free Trade Agreement, arguing that it was insufficient in protecting the labor rights of both Mexican and American workers:
A NAFTA that fails to reverse Mexico's policy of menial wages and fails to bolster Mexican labor rights is bad news for their workers and bad news for our workers.[11]
Notably, Unsoeld opposed theViolent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, generally referred to as the "1994 Crime Bill".[12] She lost her bid for re-election in theRepublican Revolution of 1994 toLinda Smith, in what was described as a "surprise" victory for her opponent.[13] The 1994 campaign was noted for being unusually contentious, with Smith going so far as to suggest that Unsoeld's conservative father supported Smith's campaign over his daughter's.[14]
After leaving Congress, Unsoeld taught as a fellow at theHarvard Institute of Politics in theJohn F. Kennedy School of Government in the Fall of 1995.[15] After teaching, she returned to Washington state and in October 1995 was appointed byGovernorMike Lowry to the Washington Fish and Wildlife Commission. She was reappointed in 1997 by GovernorGary Locke, however in February 1998 theState Senate refused to confirm her renomination after she argued that more restrictions on fishing were necessary to restore salmon runs.[5]
In 2008, in recognition of her efforts to advance government transparency,[16] the WashingtonCoalition for Open Government bestowed the James Madison Award on Unsoeld.[17][18]
Unsoeld died inOlympia, Washington, on November 28, 2021, five days before her 90th birthday.[19][20]
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)2008 – Jolene Unsoeld – Jolene Unsoeld is a former member of the Washington State Legislature and United States House of Representatives. As an independent lobbyist in Olympia from 1971 to 1984 and then as a state legislator from 1985 to 1988, Unsoeld was Washington state's major advocate for open government where she protected and strengthened the Public Records Act, the Open Public Meetings Act, and the Public Disclosure Commission and the laws that it enforces. Unsoeld collected petition signatures in 1972 to put Initiative 276, the Open Government Act (now often referred to as the Public Disclosure Act) on the ballot, and was part of the campaign that enacted the initiative that year through overwhelming voter support. More recently, Jolene served as a Member of Congress from 1989 to 1995 and worked there on behalf of the federal Freedom of Information Act and campaign spending reform.
| U.S. House of Representatives | ||
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| Preceded by | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives fromWashington's 3rd congressional district 1989–1995 | Succeeded by |
| International | |
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| National | |
| People | |
| Other | |
