Ivan Svitlychnyi | |
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Іван Світличний | |
 Svitlychnyi on a 2019 Ukrainian stamp | |
| Born | (1929-09-20)20 September 1929 Polovynkyne,Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union |
| Died | 25 October 1992(1992-10-25) (aged 63) Kyiv, Ukraine |
| Alma mater | Kharkov University |
| Occupations | literary critic,translator,editor |
| Known for | Soviet dissident |
| Movement | Sixtiers |
| Spouse | Leonida Svitlychna |
| Relatives | Nadiya Svitlychna (sister) |
Ivan Oleksiyovych Svitlychnyi (Svetlichny;Ukrainian:Іван Олексійович Світличний; 20 September 1929 – 25 October 1992) was a Ukrainian poet, literary critic, andSoviet dissident.
Ivan Svitlychnyi was born on 20 September 1929 inPolovynkyne,Luhansk Oblast to a family of farmers.[1][2]
In 1952, he graduated from the philological faculty atKharkiv University. In 1954, he gained his PhD at Shevchenko Institute of Literature inKyiv. From 1954 to 1965, he worked as an editor at the literary magazine Dnepr.[1]
Svitlychnyi became close toVasyl Symonenko and helped circulate his poems insamizdat (typescript literature) andmagnitizdat (unofficial audio tape recordings).[2] Svitlychnyi's poetry in turn was translated into Russian by dissidentYuli Daniel.[2]
In the early 1960s, Svitlychnyi was one of the founders of the Club of Creative Youth in Kyiv. The club of Ukrainian left-wing intellectuals was closely watched by the UkrainianKGB. In August 1965, he was arrested for his involvement in the club and was imprisoned for one year in labour camp.[1]
In January 1971, Svitlychnyi along with 18 others was arrested in connection with the case of Yaroslav Dobosh. Dobosh was a 24-year-old Belgian of Ukrainian roots who had been recruited by a Ukrainian nationalist organisation to distribute anti-Communist literature in Ukraine. Svitlychnyi was among Dobosh's main contacts. He was sentenced to seven years of forced labour and five years of exile.[2] He served his time Perm-35 labour camp.[1]
In 1977,Andrei Sakharov included Svitlychnyi's name in an appeal toJimmy Carter.[3]
Svitlychnyi was released in January 1983. He returned in a gravely ill condition, having suffered a stroke in prison camp. For the last three years of his life he could not move or speak, and was cared for by his wife,Leonida Svitlychna.[2]
Ivan Svitlychnyi died on 25 October 1992. He is buried inKyiv at theBaikove Cemetery.[2]
Svitlychnyi was made a member of theInternational PEN Club in 1978 and was a member of the Union of Writers of Ukraine in 1990.[2] In 1989 Svitlychny was awarded theVasyl Stus Prize.[2] In 1994 he was posthumously awarded theShevchenko National Prize.[2]
Svitlychnyi was the brother of dissident andhuman rights activistNadiya Svitlychna.[4]
1994Shevchenko National Prize winners | |
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