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Interstate 405 (California)

Route map:
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Interstate Highway in California

Interstate 405 marker
Interstate 405
San Diego Freeway
Map
I-405 highlighted in red
Route information
Auxiliary route ofI-5
Maintained byCaltrans
Length72.15 mi[1] (116.11 km)
Existed1964–present
NHSEntire route
Major junctions
South endI-5 inIrvine
Major intersections
North endI-5 inSylmar
Location
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
CountiesOrange,Los Angeles
Highway system
US 399US 466

Interstate 405 (I-405,locally referred to asthe 405)[2] is a major north–southauxiliary Interstate Highway inSouthern California. The entire route is known as the northern segment of theSan Diego Freeway. I-405 is abypass auxiliary route ofI-5, running along the southern and western parts of theGreater Los Angeles urban area fromIrvine in the south toSylmar in the north.

I-405, heavily traveled by both commuters and freight haulers along its entire length, is the busiest and most congested freeway in the United States.[3][4] The freeway'sannual average daily traffic between exits 21 and 22 inSeal Beach reached 374,000 in 2008, making it the highest count in the nation.[4] It has played a crucial role in the development of dozens of cities and suburbs along its route throughLos Angeles andOrange counties. It also servesLos Angeles International Airport,Long Beach Airport, and Orange County'sJohn Wayne Airport.

Route description

[edit]

The entirety of I-405 is defined in section 615 of theCalifornia Streets and Highways Code asRoute 405, and that the highway is from "Route 5 nearEl Toro to Route 5 nearSan Fernando".[5] This definition corresponds with theFederal Highway Administration (FHWA)'s route logs of I-405.[6][7]

I-405 is part of theCalifornia Freeway and Expressway System[8] and is part of theNational Highway System,[6] a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by theFederal Highway Administration.[9] The entire freeway is known as the San Diego Freeway, and parts of it are less commonly known as the Sepulveda Freeway (afterSepulveda Boulevard).[10] In 2024, theCalifornia State Legislature passed Assembly Bill 2698, adding subdivision (b) to section 615 of the California Streets and Highways Code that designates the segment from Bolsa Chica Road to Bolsa Avenue near theLittle Saigon district inOrange County as the Little Saigon Freeway, in recognition of it being the oldest and largestLittle Saigon enclave in the country.[11]

Orange County

[edit]
The Bristol exit nearSouth Coast Plaza and theSegerstrom Center for the Arts, withSaddleback in the background

I-405 begins at theEl Toro Y interchange in southeasternIrvine inOrange County, splitting from its parentI-5 and inheriting that route'sSan Diego Freeway title; I-5 continues north as theSanta Ana Freeway. The freeway passes immediately south of theIrvine Spectrum Center mall before intersecting withState Route 133 (SR 133). It then continues through Irvine, passing north of theUniversity of California, Irvine, and then along the northern boundary ofJohn Wayne Airport. After passing the airport, the freeway entersCosta Mesa and has an interchange withSR 55. It passesSouth Coast Plaza before a partial interchange withSR 73, which serves as a partially-tolled bypass of I-405 between Costa Mesa andLaguna Niguel.

The freeway then travels throughFountain Valley and along the edges ofWestminster andHuntington Beach before enteringSeal Beach, where it begins torun concurrently withSR 22. It continues along the northern edge of Seal Beach, passing betweenNaval Weapons Station Seal Beach andJoint Forces Training Base - Los Alamitos, before SR 22 splits from I-405 and continues west while the freeway turns north. I-405 then intersects the southern end ofI-605 before crossing theSan Gabriel River and enteringLos Angeles County.

Los Angeles County

[edit]

I-405 enters Los Angeles County in the city ofLong Beach. It passes to the north ofCalifornia State University, Long Beach, and then along the south ofLong Beach Airport. The freeway then intersects withI-710 before enteringCarson (and crossing through a small sliver of the city ofLos Angeles before reentering Carson). It passes nearCalifornia State University, Dominguez Hills, andDignity Health Sports Park, home ofMajor League Soccer clubLA Galaxy. Aweigh station for both directions is located in Carson between the Avalon Boulevard andMain Street exits.

The I-405 freeway as seen from a plane landing atLos Angeles International Airport

The freeway then intersects withI-110 as it briefly reenters the city of Los Angeles by passing through theHarbor Gateway, astrip of land connectingSan Pedro to the rest of the city. I-405 then continues to roughly parallel the contour of the coastline as it passes through theSouth Bay communities ofTorrance,Lawndale,Redondo Beach,Hawthorne, andEl Segundo. The freeway then encountersI-105 on the southeastern corner ofLos Angeles International Airport. It passes to the east of the airport, serving it with exits at theImperial Highway andCentury Boulevard.

I-405 next passes throughInglewood, coming nearSoFi Stadium, home to theLos Angeles Rams andLos Angeles Chargers of theNational Football League. It then passes throughWestchester andCulver City where it meetsSR 90, the Marina Freeway. It serves the Los Angeles neighborhoods ofMar Vista andWest Los Angeles while passing a few miles east ofSanta Monica, intersecting withI-10 in the process. The freeway continues intoWestwood, passing just to the west ofUniversity of California, Los Angeles. It then passes theGetty Center as it ascendsSepulveda Pass through theSanta Monica Mountains.

I-405 near the interchange with theVentura Freeway (US 101)

After cresting the mountains, I-405 descends into theSan Fernando Valley, intersectingUS Route 101 (US 101) in theSherman Oaks neighborhood of Los Angeles. The freeway then continues due north through the western part of the valley, passing east ofVan Nuys Airport andCalifornia State University, Northridge. It intersectsSR 118 in theMission Hills area before ending in a merge with I-5 inSylmar.

The view from theGetty Center, south of the Sepulveda Pass, looking east, south, and west. I-405 can be seen at the center.

HOV and HOT lanes

[edit]

Following the completion of theSepulveda Pass Improvements Project in 2014, I-405 had the longesthigh-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes in California, stretching about 70 miles (110 km) of the highway.[12]

Construction on the I-405 Improvement Project then started in March 2018, which included converting the existing HOV lanes tohigh-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes. The first segment of HOT lanes betweenSR 73 inCosta Mesa andI-605 inSeal Beach opened on December 1, 2023. The conversion included closing the lanes in November to test the tolling equipment. In addition, two lanes were added in each direction, one toll lane and one general purpose lane, making the upgrade from five to seven lanes in each direction.[13][14][15]

As of January 2026[update], the HOT lanes are a24/7 service. Solo drivers are tolled using acongestion pricing system based on the real-time levels of traffic. For two-person carpools, they are charged the posted toll during weekday peak hours between 6:00 am and 10:00 am and between 2:00 pm and 7:00 pm and weekend peak hours between 1:00 pm and 7:00 pm; no toll would charged during off-peak hours until3+12 years after their opening. Carpools with three or more people and motorcycles are not charged. All tolls are collected using anopen road tolling system, and therefore there are no toll booths to receive cash. Each vehicle using the HOT lanes is required to carry aFasTrakFlex transponder with its switch set to indicate the number of the vehicle's occupants (1, 2, or 3+). Solo drivers may also use the FasTrak standard tag without the switch. Drivers without any FasTrak tag will be assessed a toll violation regardless of whether they qualified for free.[16]

Traffic congestion

[edit]
I-405 in Sepulveda Pass

The freeway is one of the busiest freeways in the nation and is the busiest freeway in California.[13] The freeway's congestion problems have led to jokes that the road was numbered 405 because traffic moves at "four or five" miles per hour (6.4 or 8.0 km/h), or because drivers had spent "four or five" hours to travel anywhere. Indeed, average speeds as low as 5 mph (8.0 km/h) are routinely recorded during morning and afternoon commutes, and its interchanges with theVentura Freeway (US 101) and with theSanta Monica Freeway (I-10) each consistently rank among the five most congested freeway interchanges in the US.[citation needed] As a result of these congestion problems, delays passing through the entirety ofGreater Los Angeles using this bypass route instead of merely using the primary route I-5 throughDowntown Los Angeles may be present.

I-405 is the only major north–south freeway in the densely populated areas betweenWest Los Angeles and Downtown Los Angeles, crossing theSanta Monica Mountains and connecting theSan Fernando Valley and theLos Angeles Basin. It is also a major connection for traffic en route to either thePort of Los Angeles, thePort of Long Beach,Los Angeles International Airport, orSoFi Stadium. By 2040, this corridor is estimated to increase by 35 percent and travel times reduced by 75 percent.[13][dubiousdiscuss] The freeway's West Los Angeles section is the subject of annual gridlock photos and videos taken during theThanksgiving holiday weekend, most often from an aerial view.[17]

Another parallel freeway was proposed to connect the valley and basin (theLaurel Canyon Freeway orLa Cienega Freeway) but has facedupper-class andNIMBY homeowner opposition.[18] Despite four years of construction disruptions and billions of dollars of public money,Los Angeles Times commentary claims traffic with the lane expansions is actually just as bad or worse.[19]

Unlike some of the other major travel corridors in the region (such asI-5 which parallels theLOSSAN Corridor), I-405 has no rail-based public transit which parallels it along the west side of Orange and Los Angeles counties. There is a proposal for aSepulveda Transit Corridor which would parallel I-405 throughSepulveda Pass, one of the major bottlenecks on the route, which would ease congestion by providing an alternative to driving.[citation needed]

History

[edit]
State Route 7 marker
State Route 7
LocationPalos Verdes PeninsulaNew Pine Creek
Existed1934–1964
1955 map of the planned Interstates in the Los Angeles area; present-day I-405 roughly corresponds to the 1955 proposed route through the western regions of the area.
Temporary terminus during construction at theSunset Boulevard interchange in 1957. The interstate continues intoSepulveda Boulevard via a temporary connector road.
Civil engineersMarilyn Jorgenson Reece (left) and Carol Schumaker, at the Reece-designed I-10/I-405 interchange, 1964

I-405 was approved as a chargeable Interstate (in other words, an Interstate financed with federal funds) in 1955. The Division of Highways originally requested I-9 for the corridor, while the Santa Ana Freeway would be I-11;[20] I-3 was later requested in April 1958 before the Division of Highways agreed to use I-405.[21] Construction began in 1957 with the first section,[citation needed] mostly north ofLos Angeles International Airport, which was completed in 1961 and initially signed as SR 7.[citation needed] The 5.7-mile (9.2 km) section through Sepulveda Pass was dedicated on December 21, 1962, and cost $20 million to construct. It was designed with a maximum grade of 5.5 percent and required the relocation of Sepulveda Boulevard and theMulholland Highway, which was moved 1.1 miles (1.8 km) to the south along a new 579-foot-long (176 m) bridge over the freeway.[22][23] Additional sections west ofAlameda Street were completed in 1962 and 1963, creating 41.8 miles (67.3 km) of continuous freeway.[24]

The highway was renumbered to I-405 during the1964 state highway renumbering.[citation needed] The Orange County portion of the San Diego Freeway took 13 years to construct, with the first section opening in 1958.[25] The final section of I-405, 8 miles (13 km) leading to I-5 in Irvine, was dedicated on December 6, 1968, and opened to traffic in January 1969.[25][26]

"Carmageddon"

[edit]

A section of I-405 was closed over the weekend of Friday, July 15, 2011, as part of the Sepulveda Pass Improvements Project.[27] Before the closing, local radio DJs and television newscasts referred to it as "Carmageddon" and "Carpocalypse", parodying the notion ofArmageddon and theApocalypse, since it was anticipated that the closure would severely impact traffic.[28][29] In reality, traffic was lighter than normal across a wide area. TheCalifornia Department of Transportation (Caltrans) reported that fewer vehicles used the roads than usual, and those who did travel by road arrived more quickly than on a normal weekend.[30] TheMetrolink commuter train system recorded its highest-ever weekend ridership since it began operating in 1991. Ridership was 50 percent higher than the same weekend in 2010 and 10 percent higher than the previous weekend ridership record, which occurred during theU2 360° Tour in June 2011.[31] TheLos Angeles Times on Sunday, July 17, 2011, featured comments and images of people enjoying the moment next to the I-405 freeway with the free-flowing traffic.[32]

In response toJetBlue's offer of special flights betweenHollywood Burbank Airport in Burbank andLong Beach Airport, adistance of only 29 miles (47 km), for $4.00,[33][34] a group of cyclists did the same journey in one and a half hours, compared to two and a half hours by plane (including a drive to the airport from West Hollywood 90 minutes in advance of the flight and travel time to the end destination).[35] There was also some debate about whether the Los Angeles area could benefit fromcar-free weekends regularly.[30]

TheLos Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority then had full closure of a 10-mile (16 km) stretch of I-405 on the weekend of September 29–30, 2012, while construction crews worked to demolish a portion of the Mulholland Bridge.[36]

Researchers at theUniversity of California, Los Angeles, used the closure of I-405 to study particulate matter air pollution. The researchers took air samples before, during, and after the closure. The researchers found an 83-percent reduction in ultrafineparticles, 55-percent reduction in fine particle matter, and 62-percent lessblack carbon.[37]

Sepulveda Pass Improvements Project

[edit]

The $1-billion Sepulveda Pass Improvements Project added ahigh-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane and associated changes to freeway entrances, exits, and underpasses along a 10-mile (16 km) stretch throughSepulveda Pass between I-10 and US 101/Ventura Boulevard.[38] The project was completed as adesign–build in contrast to the traditionaldesign–bid–build used typically in infrastructure improvement. This section of I-405 was closed for a weekend in mid-July 2011 to demolish theMulholland Drive Bridge, and a 10-mile (16 km) section was closed for the last weekend of September 2012.[27]

Jamzilla was the name for the I-405 closure onPresidents' Day weekend 2014. There were lane closures and complete closures on I-405 starting February 14 at 10:00 pm until February 18 at 6:00 am to pave and restripe the northbound lanes.[39]

On May 23, 2014, the 10-mile (16 km) HOV lane was opened to traffic.[40]

Future

[edit]
Aerial view from the north of I-405's interchange with I-105 near Los Angeles International Airport from directly above Arbor Vitae Street; the hills of thePalos Verdes Peninsula are visible in the distance

Manchester and Century Boulevard interchanges

[edit]

Proposed changes between the Manchester and Century Boulevard interchanges in the city ofInglewood are to provide a new southbound onramp and a new northbound offramp for Arbor Vitae Street, to reconstruct and widened the Arbor Vitae Street over-bridge and replace the Century Boulevard overcrossing structure.[41] This work would reduce congestion on the approach toLos Angeles International Airport.[citation needed][dubiousdiscuss]Caltrans has not yet issued a start date for this work.

Sepulveda Pass express lanes

[edit]

The HOVs lane that were constructed as part of the Sepulveda Pass Improvements Project are proposed to be upgraded to express lanes by 2028.[42]

Exit list

[edit]
CountyLocationmi[43][44][45][46]kmExit[43]DestinationsNotes
OrangeIrvine0.000.00
I-5 south (San Diego Freeway south) –San Diego
Southern terminus;El Toro Y; no access to I-5 north; I-5 north exit 94A; San Diego Freeway continues as I-5 south; formerUS 101 south
0.721.161ALake Forest DriveNo northbound exit
1BBake Parkway
1CIrvine Center DriveSigned as exit 1 northbound

I-5 south
HOV access only; southbound exit and northbound entrance
1.572.532
SR 133 south (Laguna Freeway) –Laguna Beach
SR 133 north exit 8

SR 133 north (Laguna Freeway) totoll road
Southbound exit and northbound entrance; SR 133 south exits 8A-B
2.654.263 Shady Canyon Drive / Sand Canyon AvenueServesHoag Hospital Irvine,Kaiser PermanenteOrange County – Irvine Medical Center
3.725.994Jeffrey Road / University Drive
5.398.675Culver Drive
6.6910.777Jamboree Road
7.5712.188 MacArthur Boulevard –John Wayne Airport
Costa Mesa8.5113.709A
SR 55 north (Costa Mesa Freeway)
SR 55 south exits 6A-B

SR 55 south (Costa Mesa Freeway)
Northbound exit and southbound entrance; southbound access is via exit 10; SR 55 north exit 6

SR 55 north
HOV access only
9.2814.939BAnton Boulevard / Avenue of the Arts / Bristol StreetNorthbound signage
Bristol StreetSouthbound signage
405 Express LanesSouth end of express lanes; opened in December 2023[14][15]
10.0516.1710


SR 73 south (Corona del Mar Freeway) toSR 55 south (Costa Mesa Freeway) –San Diego via toll road
Southbound exit and northbound entrance

SR 73 south
Express Lanes access only; southbound exit and northbound entrance[14]
11South Coast Drive / Fairview Road / Susan Street /Harbor BoulevardNorthbound exit only
10.5917.0411AFairview RoadSigned as part of exit 11 northbound
11BHarbor Boulevard
Fountain Valley12.2419.7012Euclid Street / Newhope Street / Ellis AvenueEllis Avenue not signed northbound; Newhope Street not signed southbound
13.5521.8114 Brookhurst StreetServesMemorialCare Orange Coast Medical Center
14.5923.4815AWarner Avenue westNorthbound signage
Warner Avenue eastSouthbound signage
Fountain ValleyHuntington Beach
Westminster tripoint
14.9824.1115BMagnolia StreetNorthbound signage
Magnolia Street / Warner Avenue westSouthbound signage
Huntington BeachWestminster line16.3126.2516SR 39 (Beach Boulevard) –Westminster,Huntington BeachServesHuntington Beach Hospital
Westminster17.5228.2018Bolsa Avenue / Goldenwest Street
18.9330.4619Westminster Boulevard / Springdale StreetSpringdale Street not signed northbound; signed as exits 19A (Westminster Boulevard east) and 19B (Westminster Boulevard west / Springdale Street) southbound
20.3332.7220

Bolsa Chica Road / Valley View Street toSR 22 east
Signed as exit 21 northbound; Bolsa Chica Road not signed northbound; SR 22 east not signed southbound
WestminsterGarden Grove line20.5233.0221
SR 22 east (Garden Grove Freeway) –Garden Grove
Southern end of SR 22 concurrency; southbound exit and northbound entrance; northbound access is via exit 21

SR 22 east
Express Lanes access only; southbound exit and northbound entrance
Seal Beach22.4136.0722Seal Beach Boulevard / Los Alamitos BoulevardLos Alamitos Boulevard was formerSR 35
23.0537.1023
SR 22 west (7th Street)
Northern end of SR 22 concurrency; northbound signage; I-605 south exit 1A

I-605 north
Express Lanes access only; northbound exit and southbound entrance
405 Express LanesNorth end of express lanes; opened in December 2023[14]
23
SR 22 west (7th Street) –Long Beach
Southbound signage; SR 22 east exit 2; I-605 south exit 1A
OrangeLos Angeles
county line
Seal BeachLong Beach
Los Alamitos tripoint
23.8138.3224A
I-605 north (San Gabriel River Freeway)
Signed as exit 24 northbound; I-605 north exit 1A, south exits 1B-C; SR 22 exit 2
Seal BeachLong Beach line23.9538.54San Gabriel River
Los AngelesLong Beach24.4039.2724BStudebaker RoadSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
25.0640.3325Palo Verde Avenue
25.5941.1826AWoodruff AvenueNo southbound exit
26.1342.0526BBellflower BoulevardSigned as exit 26 southbound
27.2743.8927SR 19 (Lakewood Boulevard) –Long Beach Airport
28.8346.4029Spring Street / Cherry Avenue –Signal HillSigned as exits 29A (south) and 29B (north)
Signal Hill29.3747.2729COrange Avenue
Signal HillLong Beach line29.8548.0430AAtlantic AvenueServesMemorialCare Long Beach Medical Center
Long Beach30.1148.4630BLong Beach BoulevardFormerSR 15
31.3750.4932APacific AvenueSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
31.8351.2332B
I-710 south (Long Beach Freeway) –Long Beach
Signed as exits 32A (north) and 32B (south) northbound; I-710 exit 4
31.8351.2332C
I-710 north (Long Beach Freeway) –Pasadena
31.8751.2932DHughes Way / Santa Fe AvenueSigned as exit 32C northbound; Hughes Way not signed southbound
Carson32.5552.3833AAlameda Street (SR 47 south)Southbound exit and entrance connects to 223rd Street
33.3353.6433BWilmington Avenue
34.3155.2234Carson Street
35.0056.3335Avalon BoulevardNorthbound exit to Avalon Boulevard south is via exit 34
36.3758.5336Main StreetNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
36.7459.1337AI-110 (Harbor Freeway) –San Pedro,Los AngelesSigned as exit 37 northbound; formerUS 6; I-110 exit 9
Los Angeles37.0159.5637BVermont AvenueSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
37.6060.5138ANormandie Avenue –Gardena
Los AngelesTorrance line38.1961.4638BWestern Avenue
Torrance39.2263.1239Crenshaw Boulevard
40.3564.9440A
Artesia Boulevard toSR 91
Signed as exit 40 northbound; formerSR 91
Lawndale40.6565.4240BRedondo Beach Boulevard –Redondo BeachSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
41.3666.5642ASR 107 (Hawthorne Boulevard) –Lawndale
LawndaleRedondo Beach line42.0167.6142BInglewood Avenue
Hawthorne42.9869.1743Rosecrans Avenue –Manhattan BeachSigned as exits 43A (east/west) and 43B (west) southbound
43.9970.8044El Segundo Boulevard –El Segundo
Lennox44.9572.3445AI-105 (Century Freeway) –El Segundo,NorwalkSigned as exit 45 southbound; servesLos Angeles International Airport; I-105 east exit 2, west exit 2B
44.9572.3445BImperial HighwaySouthbound exit is part of exit 46
Inglewood46.0074.0346Century Boulevard –LAX Airport
47.1375.8547Manchester Boulevard /La Cienega Boulevard /Florence AvenueManchester Boulevard was formerSR 42
Los Angeles48.0577.3348La Tijera Boulevard
48.3377.7849AHoward Hughes Parkway /Sepulveda BoulevardSigned as exit 49 southbound
Culver City49.2379.2349BSepulveda Boulevard /Slauson Avenue (SR 90 east)Northbound exit only; SR 90 exit 2
Culver CityLos Angeles line49.7079.9850AJefferson BoulevardSigned as exit 50B northbound
50B
SR 90 west (Marina Freeway) –Marina del Ray
Signed as exit 50A northbound; SR 90 east exit 2

SR 90 east (Marina Freeway) /Slauson Avenue
Southbound exit and northbound entrance; SR 90 west exit 2
Culver City50.9782.0351Culver Boulevard /Washington Boulevard
51.2282.4352Venice Boulevard /Washington BoulevardVenice Boulevard was formerSR 187
Los Angeles52.9485.2053ANational BoulevardNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
53.3185.7953BI-10 (Santa Monica Freeway) –Santa Monica,Los AngelesSigned as exit 53 southbound; I-10 exits 3A-B
53.9686.8454Olympic Boulevard /Pico BoulevardSouthbound exit and northbound entrance; formerSR 26
54.6387.9255ASR 2 (Santa Monica Boulevard)FormerUS 66
55.31–
55.34
89.01–
89.06
55BWilshire BoulevardSigned as exits 55B (east) and 55C (west) southbound; servesRonald Reagan UCLA Medical Center
Los Angeles56.2790.5656Montana AvenueNorthbound exit only; demolished[47]
56.7791.3657ASunset BoulevardSigned as exit 57 southbound
57.0691.8357BMoraga DriveNorthbound exit and entrance
58.5494.2159Getty Center Drive
60.8097.8561Mulholland Drive / Skirball Center Drive
Sepulveda Pass[48], elevation 1,129 feet (344 m)[49]
62.78101.0363AVentura Boulevard /Sepulveda Boulevard / Valley Vista BoulevardServesEncino Hospital Medical Center
63.20101.7163BUS 101 (Ventura Freeway) –Ventura,Los AngelesUS 101 exit 19A
64.06103.0964Burbank Boulevard
65.13104.8265Victory Boulevard –Van NuysServesValley Presbyterian Hospital (northbound only)
66.14–
66.17
106.44–
106.49
66Sherman Way –Van Nuys AirportSigned as exits 66A (east) and 66B (west) northbound; serves Valley Presbyterian Hospital (southbound only)
67.53108.6868Roscoe Boulevard –Panorama CityServesMission Community Hospital
68.51110.2669Nordhoff Street
70.03112.7070Devonshire Street –Granada Hills
70.62113.6571A
SR 118 west (Ronald Reagan Freeway) –Simi Valley
Signed as exit 71 southbound; SR 118 east exit 42A

SR 118 east (Ronald Reagan Freeway)
Northbound exit and southbound entrance; SR 118 west exit 42B
71.01114.2871BSan Fernando Mission BoulevardNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
71.53115.1272 Rinaldi Street –Mission HillsServesProvidence Holy Cross Medical Center
72.42116.55
I-5 north (Golden State Freeway) –Sacramento
Northern terminus; no access to I-5 south; I-5 south exit 158
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Starks, Edward (January 27, 2022)."Table 2: Auxiliary Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways".FHWA Route Log and Finder List.Federal Highway Administration. RetrievedMarch 19, 2023.
  2. ^Richards, Gary (November 16, 2015)."Roadshow: Why 'The 405' is called 'The 405'".The Mercury News. RetrievedAugust 18, 2023.
  3. ^"U.S. Highways With the Most Traffic".Time For Kids. Archived fromthe original on August 11, 2011.
  4. ^ab"I-405 In LA Named Busiest Interstate In Any U.S. City".CBS Los Angeles. August 20, 2013. RetrievedSeptember 20, 2024.
  5. ^"Section 615".California Streets and Highways Code. Sacramento: California Office of Legislative Counsel. RetrievedAugust 17, 2025.
  6. ^abFederal Highway Administration (March 25, 2015).National Highway System: Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim, CA(PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. RetrievedJuly 29, 2017.
  7. ^"Table 1: Auxiliary Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System Of Interstate and Defense Highways".FHWA Route Log and Finder List.Federal Highway Administration. January 2025. RetrievedAugust 17, 2025.
  8. ^"Article 2 of Chapter 2 of Division 1".California Streets and Highways Code. Sacramento: California Office of Legislative Counsel. RetrievedFebruary 6, 2019.
  9. ^Natzke, Stefan; Neathery, Mike & Adderly, Kevin (June 20, 2012)."What is the National Highway System?".National Highway System. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. RetrievedJuly 1, 2012.
  10. ^California Department of Transportation; California State Transportation Agency (January 2021).2020 Named Freeways, Highways, Structures and Other Appurtenances in California(PDF). Sacramento: California Department of Transportation. pp. 94, 335, 341. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on October 10, 2022.
  11. ^"AB-2698 Route 405: Little Saigon Freeway".California Office of Legislative Counsel. September 25, 2024. RetrievedAugust 17, 2025.
  12. ^Groves, Martha; Stevens, Matt (May 22, 2014)."New Carpool Lane on Northbound 405 Finally Opens". Los Angeles Times. RetrievedJuly 31, 2025.The full carpool route runs for 70 miles from southern Orange County to near the northern tip of the San Fernando Valley, matching the existing carpool run on the southbound side.
  13. ^abc"5 Things You Should Know About The I-405 Improvement Project | Iteris, Inc".www.iteris.com. January 29, 2018. RetrievedFebruary 24, 2022.
  14. ^abcd"405 Express Lanes".Orange County Transportation Authority. RetrievedMarch 19, 2023.
  15. ^ab"New 405 Freeway lanes opening set for Dec. 1".The Orange County Register. October 23, 2023. RetrievedNovember 4, 2023.
  16. ^"How to drive the Express Lanes".405expresslanes.com. Orange County Transportation Authority. RetrievedJanuary 1, 2026.
  17. ^Grad, Shelby (November 27, 2019)."How 405 Freeway gridlock became the iconic image of an L.A. Thanksgiving".Los Angeles Times. RetrievedJune 29, 2023.
  18. ^"Crossroads of Confusion".Los Angeles Times. March 20, 1998. p. 2. RetrievedOctober 11, 2012.
  19. ^Hall, Carla (December 2, 2014)."Four ways the 405 freeway project has not made your life better".Los Angeles Times.
  20. ^Interstate Highway System Adjusted and Approved by Commissioner of Public Roads (Map). California State Department of Public Works, Division of Highways. May 1957. Los Angeles area inset.
  21. ^McCoy, George T. (April 1, 1958)."Correspondence Concerning Route Numbering of the Interstate Urban Network". Letter to A. E. Johnson. Sacramento: American Association of State Highway Officials. RetrievedJune 29, 2023 – via AASHTO Route Numbering Archive.
  22. ^"Big New Highway Open In Sepulveda Canyon".The Van Nuys News. September 23, 1962. p. 1. RetrievedJune 29, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  23. ^Racine, Ned (January 11, 2011)."How the Mulholland Drive bridge was constructed". Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Archived fromthe original on October 21, 2020. RetrievedJuly 16, 2011.
  24. ^Gnerre, Sam (December 6, 2021)."South Bay history: Piecing together the construction of the 405 Freeway through the South Bay".Daily Breeze. RetrievedJune 29, 2023.
  25. ^abSanders, Bob (January 12, 1969)."13-Year Job Completed on San Diego Freeway".Press-Telegram. p. B1. RetrievedJune 29, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  26. ^Hebert, Ray (December 9, 1968)."San Diego Freeway Now Reality".Los Angeles Times. part II, p. 1. RetrievedJune 29, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  27. ^ab"Interstate 405: The 'Carmageddon', History, Myth and Trivia".International Business Times. July 16, 2011.During 53 hours of closure, the north side of the Mulholland Bridge will be demolished as part of the $1 billion Sepulveda Pass Improvements Project.
  28. ^Gish, Judy (June 2011)."I-405 Summer Weekend Closure Planned".Inside Seven. California Department of Transportation District 7. Archived fromthe original on September 12, 2015. RetrievedJanuary 26, 2013.
  29. ^Gostar, Reza (June 9, 2011)."Carpocalypse: The Weekend the 405 Freeway Will Stand Still – Brentwood, California Patch". Brentwood.patch.com. Archived fromthe original on July 18, 2012. RetrievedJanuary 26, 2013.
  30. ^abMather, Kate; Bloomekatz, Ari; Saillant, Saillant (July 19, 2011)."In 'Carmageddon,' some see road map for the future".Los Angeles Times. RetrievedAugust 1, 2011.
  31. ^"Metrolink sets weekend ridership recording during 405 closure".The Source. July 21, 2011. RetrievedJuly 21, 2011.
  32. ^Zarembo, Alan; Bloomekatz, Ari; Santa Cruz, Nicole (July 17, 2011)."L.A. Downshifts and Takes It Easy".Los Angeles Times. RetrievedApril 7, 2022 – viaPressReader.
  33. ^"JetBlue — 405 Freeway Closure? We're So Over It!". JetBlue. July 13, 2011. RetrievedJanuary 26, 2013.
  34. ^"Great Circle Mapper". Gcmap.com. RetrievedJanuary 26, 2013.
  35. ^"LA avoids feared 'Carmageddon' traffic jam".The Independent. London. July 17, 2011. RetrievedJuly 17, 2011.
  36. ^Morgan, Jared (July 19, 2012)."Carmageddon 2012 Announced, Full 405 Closure in September". Archived fromthe original on August 25, 2012. RetrievedSeptember 4, 2012.
  37. ^Winer, Arthur; Zhu, Yifang; Paulson, Suzanne (Spring 2014)."Carmageddon or Carmaheaven? Air Quality Results of a Freeway Closure"(PDF).Access.44:17–21. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on December 1, 2017. RetrievedNovember 22, 2017.
  38. ^"Sepulveda Pass Improvement Project". Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. RetrievedJuly 15, 2011.
  39. ^Groves, Martha (February 14, 2014)."Jamzilla lane closures on the 405 Freeway begin tonight".Los Angeles Times. RetrievedOctober 4, 2014.
  40. ^"Carpool lane on North 405 Freeway opens". Los Angeles: KABC-TV. May 23, 2014. RetrievedMay 23, 2014.
  41. ^District 7."Interstate 405: On- and Off-Ramp Improvements at Arbor Vitae Street"(PDF). California Department of Transportation.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  42. ^"I-405 Sepulveda Pass ExpressLanes Project".Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority. RetrievedAugust 10, 2022.
  43. ^ab"Interstate 405 Freeway Interchanges"(PDF).California Numbered Exit Uniform System.California Department of Transportation. March 17, 2020. RetrievedOctober 22, 2020.
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  46. ^California Department of Transportation,All Traffic Volumes on CSHS, 2005 and 2006
  47. ^"405 Freeway NB Montana Avenue Offramp Dies At 57". Los Angeles:KCBS-TV. November 24, 2013. RetrievedMarch 19, 2014.
  48. ^https://www.pbssocal.org/shows/lost-la/how-sepulveda-canyon-became-the-405
  49. ^"Sepulveda Pass".Google Street View. RetrievedSeptember 7, 2022.

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