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| Alternative names | IDSN |
|---|---|
| Organization | Indian Space Research Organization |
| Location | Byalalu, Ramanagar district,Karnataka,India |
| Coordinates | 12°54′06″N77°22′07″E / 12.901631°N 77.368619°E /12.901631; 77.368619 |
| Established | 17 October 2008; 17 years ago (2008-10-17) |
| Website | http://www.istrac.gov.in |
| Telescopes | |
  Location of Indian Deep Space Network | |
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Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN) is a sophisticated telecommunications infrastructure operated by theIndian Space Research Organization (ISRO) to provide telemetry, tracking and command support itsinterplanetary missions. Located at the Bayalu campus nearBengaluru, Karnataka, the IDSN comprises a worldwide network of large antennas capable of communicating with spacecrafts at lunar and interplanetary distances.[1]
The network operates under the purview ofISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC) and functions as part of a global network, receiving complementary support from similar networks run byNASA,China,Russia,ESA, andJapan.[2]
The IDSN occupies nearly 120 acres at Bayalu, located 60 kilometers from Bengaluru. The campus houses the antenna systems, mission operations complexes and theIndian Space Science Data Centre along with other facilities and administrative buildings.[3]
The IDSN operates two Mission Operations Complexes: MOX-1 established in 2008 and MOX-2 established in 2010.[3]
Located within the IDSN campus, ISSDC processes and archives scientific payload data from ISRO's space missions.[3]
Byalalu campus also houses the ISRO Navigation Centre (INC). The centre became active on 12 June 2013, at the time of launch ofIRNSS-1A, the first of theIndian Regional Navigation Satellite System series of satellites. The INC has a high stabilityatomic clock. It will be used to co-ordinate across 21 ground stations in India.[4]
Along with the existing infrastructure of theISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC), the IDSN is augmented by multiple large antennas to improve the visibility duration.[5]
The main antenna of the network is a 32-meter antenna that employs a parabolic reflector. The antenna mount utilizes wheel-and-track system for azimuth motion. Built in abeam waveguide configuration, this state-of-the-art system has supported theChandrayaan-1 andMars Orbiter Mission mission operations.[6][7] Currently, it supports theChandrayaan-2 orbiter, theAditya-L1 mission andChandrayaan-3.
A fibre optics / satellite link will provide the necessary connectivity between the IDSN site and Spacecraft Control Centre / Network Control Centre. This antenna is designed to provide uplink in both S-Band (20/2 kW) and X-Band (2.5 kW), either through Right circular polarization or Left circular polarization. The reception capability will be in both S-Band and X-Band (simultaneous RCP & LCP). It can receive two carriers in S-Band and one carrier in X-Band, simultaneously. The system will have a G/T of 37.5/51 dB/K (45° elevation, clear sky) for S/X-Band. The base-band will adhere toCCSDS Standards facilitating cross-support among the space agencies. The station is also equipped for remote control from the ISTRAC Network Control Centre (NCC).[8]
Commissioned in November 2021, the second antenna is an indigenous 18-meter antenna that provides supplementary deep space support.[9] It shares technical architecture with the 32m antenna at a reduced scale.
An additional 11-meter antenna operates at the facility for additional flexibility and lower power applications.[10]
The Indian Deep Space Network was built to track and support India's first lunar mission Chandrayaan-1, an uncrewedlunar exploration mission. The IDSN provided continuous tracking and orbit control support and received images and data through the mission.
IDSN supported the partially successful Chandrayaan-2 mission completely, from lunar orbit insertion and lander descent to rover operations.[11]
In 2023, the Chandrayaan-3 successfully placed a lander and rover on lunar south polar region. IDSN provided primary tracking support with supplementary supports from NASA and ESA networks.[12]
IDSN had been used to track Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) also known asMangalyaan.[13]
The 32m antenna will be used for science data collection from theVenus Orbiter Mission Spacecraft, planned to be launched in 2028.[14]
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