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Imagine (John Lennon album)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1971 album by John Lennon

Imagine
a hazy photo of John Lennon's face with the title and artist name printed on a white cloudlike area near his forehead.
Studio album by
Released9 September 1971 (US)
8 October 1971 (UK)
Recorded11–12 February, 24 May – 5 July 1971
Studio
Genre
Length39:29
LabelApple
Producer
John Lennon chronology
John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band
(1970)		Imagine
(1971)		Some Time in New York City
(1972)
Singles from Imagine
  1. "Imagine"
    Released: 11 October 1971 (US)

Imagine is the second solostudio album by the English musicianJohn Lennon, released on 9 September 1971 byApple Records. Co-produced by Lennon, his wifeYoko Ono andPhil Spector, the album's elaborate sound contrasts the basic, small-group arrangements of his first album,John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band (1970).[1] The openingtitle track is widely considered to be hissignature song.

Lennon recorded the album from early to mid-1971 at hisAscot Sound Studios,EMI Recording Studios and theRecord Plant in New York City, with musicians that included his ex-Beatles bandmateGeorge Harrison, keyboardistNicky Hopkins, bassistKlaus Voormann and drummersAlan White andJim Keltner. The lyrics reflect peace, love, politics, Lennon's experience withprimal scream therapy and, following a period of high personal tensions, an attack on his former writing partnerPaul McCartney in "How Do You Sleep?". Extensive footage from the sessions was recorded for a scrapped documentary; parts were released on the documentary filmImagine: John Lennon (1988). The documentaryJohn & Yoko: Above Us Only Sky, based on that footage, was released in 2018.

Imagine was a critical and commercial success, reaching number one on both theUK Albums Chart and USBillboard 200. Along withJohn Lennon/Plastic Ono Band, it is considered one of Lennon's finest solo albums. In 2012, it was voted 80th onRolling Stone magazine's list of the500 Greatest Albums of All Time. The album has been reissued several times, including in 2018 asThe Ultimate Collection, a six-disc box set containing previously unreleased demos, studio outtakes, "evolution documentaries" for each track, and isolated track elements along with surround mixes.

Background

[edit]

While in New York, formerBeatles John Lennon andGeorge Harrison had a shortjam session,[2] during which Lennon asked Harrison to perform on Lennon's next album. Recording was scheduled to begin in a week's time at Lennon'sAscot Sound Studios, at hisTittenhurst Park residence.[2] Harrison agreed, and invited their friend, bassistKlaus Voormann.[2]

Recording and structure

[edit]

Recording for the album started on 24 May at Ascot Sound Studios.[3] The first songs recorded were "It's So Hard" and "I Don't Want to Be a Soldier" in February 1971 at Ascot Sound Studios, during sessions for Lennon's single "Power to the People".[4][5] A cover ofthe Olympics' 1958 song "Well (Baby Please Don't Go)", later released onJohn Lennon Anthology, was recorded on 16 February.[3] Lennon chose to remake "I Don't Want to Be a Soldier" on 24 May 1971,[3] the opening day of the main album sessions.

Lennon enlisted help fromNicky Hopkins, members of theApple bandBadfinger,Alan White andJim Keltner. Harrison contributed lead guitar parts on various songs.[6] Lennon showed the musicians a song that he had recently written, "Imagine".[2] Also recorded was a demo of the future Lennon track "Aisumasen (I'm Sorry)", the unreleased song "San Francisco Bay Blues", and a demo of "I'm the Greatest".[2]

Lennon and his wifeYoko Ono flew to New York on 3 July to continue sessions for the album the next day, at theRecord Plant.[2] Many instrumental parts were re-recorded there, and strings and saxophone byKing Curtis were also added.[2] The tracks that were finished at Record Plant were "It's So Hard", "I Don't Want to Be a Soldier" and "How Do You Sleep?"[2] As on Lennon's last album,Phil Spector joined him and Ono as co-producer onImagine. The string arrangements for the album were written byTorrie Zito.[7]

Extensive footage of the sessions, showing the evolution of some of the songs, was originally filmed and titledWorking Class Hero before being shelved.[2] Footage of "Gimme Some Truth" aired as part of theBBC TV showThe Old Grey Whistle Test on 12 December 1972.[2] Portions were released as part of the documentary filmImagine: John Lennon.[2]

Music and lyrics

[edit]

Imagine was written and recorded during a period of particularly bad feeling between Lennon and former bandmatePaul McCartney,[8] followingthe Beatles' break-up the year before and McCartney winning his case in the High Court to have their legal partnership dissolved.[2] Harrison guested on half ofImagine's ten tracks, including "How Do You Sleep?" – a song written in retaliation against McCartney's alleged personal attacks on Lennon and Ono, on his recentRam album.[9][10] Lennon said in 1980: "I used my resentment against Paul ... to create a song ... not a terrible vicious horrible vendetta ... I used my resentment and withdrawing from Paul and The Beatles, and the relationship with Paul, to write 'How Do You Sleep?'. I don't really go 'round with those thoughts in my head all the time ..."[11]

The track "Imagine" became Lennon'ssignature song and was written as a plea for world peace. Years later he acknowledged Ono's role in the song's creation and stated his regret that he had not credited her as a co-writer.[12] "Jealous Guy" has also had enduring popularity; it was originally composed as "Child of Nature" during the songwriting sessions in India in 1968 that led to the Beatles' double albumThe Beatles.[13] "Oh My Love" and the song "How?" were influenced by his experience withprimal therapy.[14]

Lennon also indulged his love of rock and roll with "Crippled Inside" and "It's So Hard". "Gimme Some Truth", first heard during theLet It Be sessions in early 1969, appears on the album with a new bridge. The politically themed "I Don't Want to Be a Soldier" closes the first half ofImagine in a cacophonous manner. The last song on the album was "Oh Yoko!"; EMI pushed for this track to be issued as a single, but Lennon thought it was too "pop".[15]

Packaging

[edit]

The photographs on the front and back covers were taken by Ono, using aPolaroid camera.[16] It was previously believed that the front cover photo was taken byAndy Warhol.[17] The back cover includes a quote ("Imagine the clouds dripping. Dig a hole in your garden to put them in.") from Ono's bookGrapefruit, which UK re-release the Lennons were promoting at the time.[18] The album's original release also included a poster of Lennon at the piano and two postcards. In lieu of sporting the typical full green apple picture on most Apple record labels, a black and white photograph of Lennon's face was presented on Side A instead.[19]

Release

[edit]
1971Billboard ad for the album

Apple Records issuedImagine on 9 September 1971 in the United States and a month later, on 8 October, in the UK. Early editions of theLP record included apostcard featuring a photo of Lennon holding a pig, in mockery of McCartney's similar pose with a sheep on the cover ofRam.[20][21]

Even though Spector championed a "Back to Mono" aesthetic starting in the 1980s,monophonic sound was out of style in the 1970s. Instead, the album was released instereo and in the then new four channelquadraphonic technology.[22] In the US, the four channel mix was only available on a quad 8-track tape with some copies marketed as "Quadrasonic". In the UK and Australia, the quad mix was issued on LP record using CBS'sSQ matrix system along with a quad 8-track version in the UK. In Japan, the quad mix was issued on LP using theQS Regular Matrix system; and also, a discrete quadreel-to-reel tape.[citation needed]

"Imagine", backed with "It's So Hard", was released as a single in the US on 11 October 1971.[2] The album went to number one worldwide and became an enduring seller, with the title track reaching number three in the US. "Imagine" was not issued as a single in the UK until four years later, to coincide with the release of Lennon'sShaved Fish singles collection.[23]

Promotional film

[edit]
Main article:Imagine (1972 film)

In 1972, Lennon and Ono released a70-minute film to accompany theImagine album which featured footage of them at theirBerkshire property at Tittenhurst Park and in New York City. It included many of the tracks from the album and some additional material from Ono's 1971 albumFly.[2] Several celebrities appeared in the film, including Andy Warhol,Fred Astaire,Jack Palance,Dick Cavett and George Harrison. Derided by critics as "the most expensive home movie of all time",[citation needed] it premiered to an American audience on TV on 23 December 1972.[2]

Critical reception

[edit]
Retrospective professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusicStarStarStarStarStar[24]
Christgau's Record GuideA[25]
Encyclopedia of Popular MusicStarStarStarStar[26]
The Great Rock Discography9/10[27]
MojoStarStarStarStar[28]
MusicHound Rock4/5[29]
PasteStarStarStarStarStar[30]
QStarStarStarStar[31]
The Rolling Stone Album GuideStarStarStarStar[32]
UncutStarStarStarStar[33]

Reviewing the album forRolling Stone in 1971, Ben Gerson said it "contains a substantial portion of good music" but considered Lennon's previous LP to be superior. He also warned of the possibility that Lennon's "posturings will soon seem not merely dull but irrelevant".[34] Alan Smith of theNME lauded the album as "superb", "beautiful" and "one step away from the chill of his recent total self-revelation, and yet a giant leap towards commerciality without compromise". He said it was Lennon "showing McCartney how to tighten up the flab in his music, and its worth", and concluded: "Lennon rides high!"[35] InMelody Maker, Roy Hollingworth namedImagine the best album of the year and Lennon's finest work up to that point.[36]

Imagine was voted the fifth best record of 1971 inThe Village Voice'sPazz & Jop, an annual poll of American critics nationwide.[37] It was voted "Album of the Year" in polls conducted byRadio Luxembourg andRecord World.[38]Robert Christgau, who ranked it fifth in his Pazz & Jop ballot,[39] appraised the album as "primal goes pop – personal and useful" in the 1981 bookChristgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies.[25]

Reviewing forMojo in 2000,Jon Savage said the preponderance of mid-tempo tracks partly explained the album's popularity amongBritrock bands, yet this quality made some of the songs drag. He admired Harrison's slide guitar playing in the "sinuous and spacy" soundscape, but found that the album "contains both the best and the worst of [Lennon] – the idealist and the ranter, the righteous and the vindictive anger – and as such remains more patchy than its iconic status might allow".[40] Writing forAllMusic,Stephen Thomas Erlewine finds the lyrics to be "only marginally less confessional" than on Lennon's previous album, adding: "IfImagine doesn't have the thematic sweep ofPlastic Ono Band, it is nevertheless a remarkable collection of songs that Lennon would never be able to better again."[24]

In 2012,Imagine ranked at number 80 onRolling Stone's list of the500 Greatest Albums of All Time.[41] It dropped to number 223 in the 2020 edition of the list.[42]

Legacy

[edit]

Lennon later expressed his displeasure with the more commercial sound of the album, saying that the title track was "ananti-religious, anti-nationalistic,anti-conventional,anti-capitalistic song, but because it's sugar-coated, it's accepted".[43] In a November 1971 interview forMelody Maker, McCartney spoke positively ofImagine, considering it to be less political than Lennon's previous solo albums. In a subsequent edition of the same publication, Lennon rebuked his former bandmate, saying, "So you think 'Imagine' ain't political? It's 'Working Class Hero' with sugar on it for conservatives like yourself!!"[44] and likened McCartney's politics to those of the staunchly traditionalMary Whitehouse.[45]

AfterLennon's death,Imagine, along with seven other Lennon albums, was reissued by EMI as part of a box set, which was released in the UK on 15 June 1981.[nb 1][46] Like its title track, Lennon'sImagine became a posthumous hit worldwide after his death in December 1980. The album re-entered the charts during 1981, peaking at number three in Norway,[47] five in the United Kingdom,[48] 34 in Sweden,[49] and 63 in the United States.[50] In 2000, Yoko Ono supervised the remixing ofImagine for itsremastered reissue. In February 2000, the remastered and remixed edition reached number 11 on the Japanese chart.[51] It was reissued in 2003 byMobile Fidelity Sound Lab ongold CD and on 180 gram half-speed mastered LP. The Record Plant piano on which Lennon re-recorded some of the album's keyboard parts was sold at auction in 2007.[52]

In October 2010, another remastered version of the album was released, and the album re-entered theBillboard 200 at number 88. On 23 November 2010,Imagine became available on theRock Band 3 video game, exploiting the music game's use of a keyboard. OnRecord Store Day 2011, in honour of the album's 40th anniversary, it was re-released on 180-gram LP with an additional 12" white LP record entitledImagine Sessions, featuring tracks taken from theJohn Lennon Anthology. In January 2014, the album was released by Universal Music on the High Fidelity Pure Audio Blu-ray format, featuring PCM, DTS HD and Dolby Tru HD audio tracks, based on the 2010 remaster.[nb 2] In 2018, the album was remixed yet again and titledImagine: The Ultimate Collection.[53] A six-disc box set, in four CDs and two Blu-ray discs, features previously unheard demos, rare studio outtakes, and isolated track elements along with a 5.1 surround mix and the original four channel quadraphonic mix.

Track listing

[edit]

All tracks written byJohn Lennon, except where noted.

Original release

[edit]
Side one
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Imagine"Lennon[nb 3]3:01
2."Crippled Inside" 3:47
3."Jealous Guy" 4:14
4."It's So Hard" 2:25
5."I Don't Wanna Be a Soldier[nb 4]" 6:05
Side two
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
6."Gimme Some Truth" 3:16
7."Oh My Love"Lennon, Ono2:50
8."How Do You Sleep?" 5:36
9."How?" 3:43
10."Oh Yoko!" 4:20
Total length:39:29

Imagine — The Ultimate Collection (2018 Deluxe Edition Box Set)

[edit]
The Singles & Extras
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
11."Power to the People" 3:26
12."Well... (Baby Please Don't Go)"Walter Ward4:07
13."God Save Us (Bill Elliot vocal)"Lennon, Ono3:15
14."Do the Oz"Lennon, Ono3:12
15."God Save Oz (John Lennon vocal)"Lennon, Ono3:31
16."Happy Xmas (War Is Over)"Lennon, Ono3:35
Total length:60:35

Disc: 2

Elements Mixes (1-4) / Album Outtakes (5-16) / Singles Outtakes (17-20)
No.TitleLength
1."Imagine (strings only)" 
2."Jealous Guy (piano, bass & drums)" 
3."Oh My Love (vocals only)" 
4."How? (strings only)" 
5."Imagine (demo)" 
6."Imagine (take 1)" 
7."Crippled Inside (take 3)" 
8."Crippled Inside (take 6 – alt guitar solo)" 
9."Jealous Guy (take 9)" 
10."It's So Hard (take 6)" 
11."I Don't Wanna Be A Soldier Mama I Don't Wanna Die (take 11)" 
12."Gimme Some Truth (take 4)" 
13."Oh My Love (take 6)" 
14."How Do You Sleep? (takes 1 & 2)" 
15."How? (take 31)" 
16."Oh Yoko! (Bahamas 1969)" 
17."Power To The People (take 7)" 
18."God Save Us (demo)" 
19."Do The Oz (take 3)" 
20."Happy Xmas (War Is Over) (alt mix)" 

Disc: 3

Extended Album Tracks and Raw (1-10) / Outtakes Live (11-15)
No.TitleLength
1."Imagine (take 10)" 
2."Crippled Inside (take 6)" 
3."Jealous Guy (take 29)" 
4."It's So Hard (take 11)" 
5."I Don't Wanna Be A Soldier Mama I Don't Wanna Die" 
6."Gimme Some Truth (take 4 – extended)" 
7."Oh My Love (take 20)" 
8."How Do You Sleep? (take 11 – extended)" 
9."How? (take 40)" 
10."Oh Yoko! (take 1 extended)" 
11."Imagine (take 1)" 
12."Jealous Guy (take 11)" 
13."I Don't Wanna Be A Soldier Mama I Don't Wanna Die (take 21)" 
14."How Do You Sleep? (take 1)" 
15."How Do You Sleep? (takes 5 & 6)" 

Disc: 4

Evolution (from demo to final mix)
No.TitleLength
1."Imagine" 
2."Crippled Inside" 
3."Jealous Guy" 
4."It's So Hard" 
5."I Don't Wanna Be A Soldier Mama I Don't Wanna Die" 
6."Gimme Some Truth" 
7."Oh My Love" 
8."How Do You Sleep?" 
9."How?" 
10."Oh Yoko!" 

Disc: 5 – Blu-ray audio #1:

Remixed Stereo Album, Singles, Extras, 5.1., Quadrasonic & Outtakes

Blu-ray Disc 1 – Imagine – The Ultimate Mixes

Remixed Stereo Album, Singles, Extras & Outtakes

Blu-ray Disc 2 – In The Studio and Deeper Listening

The Raw Studio Mixes – Extended Album Versions – LiveNew Mix in 5.1 & Stereo 24-96

Personnel

[edit]

Personnel per John Blaney.[55] Track numbering refers to CD and digital releases of the album.

Musicians

[edit]

Production

[edit]

Charts

[edit]

Weekly charts

[edit]
Chart (1971–72)Peak
position
AustralianKent Music Report[60]1
CanadianRPM Albums Chart[61]2
DutchMegaChart Albums[62]1
Finnish Albums Chart[63]9
Italian Albums (Musica e dischi)[64]1
JapaneseOricon LPs Chart[65]1
NorwegianVG-lista Albums[66]1
UK Albums Chart[67]1
USBillboard Top LPs[68]1
West GermanMedia Control Albums[69]10

Year-end charts

[edit]
Chart (1971)Position
Dutch Albums Chart[70]9
Chart (1972)Position
Australian Albums Chart[60]13
Dutch Albums Chart[71]30
Japanese Albums Chart[72]13
Chart (1981)Position
Dutch Albums Chart[73]99
UK Albums Chart[74]73

Certifications

[edit]
RegionCertificationCertified units/sales
Italy (FIMI)[75]Gold25,000‡
United Kingdom (BPI)[76]Gold100,000*
United States (RIAA)[77]2× Platinum2,000,000^

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

References

[edit]

Footnotes

  1. ^UK EMI JLB8[46]
  2. ^Side one: "Baby Please Don't Go" (Walter Ward), "Imagine", "How Do You Sleep?" Side two: "Jealous Guy", "Oh My Love" (Lennon–Ono), "I Don't Wanna Be a Soldier".
  3. ^The original LP credits Lennon as the sole songwriter of "Imagine". In 2017, theNational Music Publishers Association revised the credit to include Ono.[12][54]
  4. ^The title also appears variously as "I Don't Wanna Be a Soldier Mama I Don't Wanna Die" or "I Don't Wanna Be a Soldier Mama".

Citations

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  2. ^abcdefghijklmnoMiles, Barry; Badman, Keith, eds. (2001).The Beatles Diary After the Break-Up: 1970–2001 (reprint ed.). London: Music Sales Group.ISBN 978-0-7119-8307-6.
  3. ^abcMadinger, Chip; Raile, Scott (2015).LENNONOLOGY Strange Days Indeed – A Scrapbook Of Madness. Chesterfield, MO: Open Your Books, LLC. p. 239.ISBN 978-1-63110-175-5.
  4. ^Williams, Richard (2003).Phil Spector: Out of His Head. London: Omnibus Press. p. 160.ISBN 0-7119-9864-7.
  5. ^Blaney, John (2005).John Lennon: Listen to This Book (illus. ed.). [S.l.]: Paper Jukebox. pp. 66–70.ISBN 978-0-9544528-1-0.
  6. ^Leng, Simon (2006) [2003].While My Guitar Gently Weeps: The Music of George Harrison. SAF Publishing Ltd. pp. 108–109.ISBN 978-1-4234-0609-9.
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  70. ^"Dutch charts jaaroverzichten 1971"(ASP) (in Dutch).Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved2 April 2014.
  71. ^"Dutch charts jaaroverzichten 1972"(ASP) (in Dutch).Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved2 April 2014.
  72. ^"Page 15/24 – 20 Top-selling LPs on the Japanese Oricon Chart 1972~73"(PDF) (in Japanese). Oricon. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 25 April 2012. Retrieved4 October 2011.
  73. ^"Dutch charts jaaroverzichten 1981"(ASP) (in Dutch).Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved2 April 2014.
  74. ^"Complete UK Year-End Album Charts". Archived fromthe original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved4 October 2011.
  75. ^"Italian album certifications – John Lennon – Imagine" (in Italian).Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved7 January 2025.
  76. ^"British album certifications – John Lennon – Imagine".British Phonographic Industry.
  77. ^"American album certifications – John Lennon – Imagine".Recording Industry Association of America.

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