 | |
| Motto | Veritas et Utilitas |
|---|---|
Motto in English | "Truth and Service" |
| Type | Privatefederally charteredhistorically blackresearch university |
| Established | March 2, 1867; 158 years ago (1867-03-02) |
| Accreditation | MSCHE |
Academic affiliations | |
| Endowment | $1.12 billion (2025)[1] |
| President | Wayne A. I. Frederick (interim) |
| Provost | Anthony Wutoh[2] |
| Students | 12,941 (spring 2024)[3] |
| Undergraduates | 9,797 (spring 2024)[3] |
| Postgraduates | 1,795 (spring 2024)[3] |
| Location | , United States 38°55′20″N77°01′10″W / 38.92222°N 77.01944°W /38.92222; -77.01944 |
| Campus | Large city,[4] 300 acres (1.2 km2) |
| Newspaper | The Hilltop |
| Colors | Blue Red Gray[5] |
| Nickname | Howard Bison and Lady Bison |
Sporting affiliations | |
| Mascot | Bison |
| Website | howard |
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Howard University is aprivate,historically black,federally charteredresearch university inWashington, D.C., United States. It isclassified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity" andaccredited by theMiddle States Commission on Higher Education.[6] It is the onlyHBCU with R1 designation.
Established in 1867, Howard is anonsectarian institution located in theShaw neighborhood.[7] It offers undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees in more than 120 programs.
Shortly after the end of theAmerican Civil War, members of the First Congregational Society of Washington considered establishing a theological seminary for the education of black clergymen. Within a few weeks, the project expanded to include a provision for establishing a university. Within two years, the university consisted of the colleges of liberal arts and medicine. The new institution was named for GeneralOliver Otis Howard, a Civil War hero who was both the founder of the university and, at the time, commissioner of theFreedmen's Bureau. Howard later served as president of the university from 1869 to 1874.[8][9]
The U.S. Congress chartered Howard on March 2, 1867, and much of its early funding came from endowment, private benefaction and tuition. (In the 20th and 21st centuries, an annual congressional appropriation, administered by theU.S. Department of Education, funds Howard University and Howard University Hospital.)[10]
Many improvements were made on campus. Howard Hall was renovated and made a dormitory for women.[11]
From 1926 to 1960, preacherMordecai Wyatt Johnson was Howard University's first African-American president.[12]
The Great Depression years of the 1930s brought hardship to campus. Despite appeals fromEleanor Roosevelt, Howard saw its budget cut below Hoover administration levels during thepresidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt.[13]
In the 1930s, Howard University still had segregated student housing.[14][15]
Howard University played an important role in theCivil Rights Movement on a number of occasions.Alain Locke, chair of the Department of Philosophy and first African AmericanRhodes Scholar, authoredThe New Negro (1925), which helped to usher in theHarlem Renaissance.[16]Ralph Bunche, the firstNobel Peace Prize winner of African descent, served as chair of the Department ofPolitical Science.[17] Beginning in 1942, Howard University students pioneered the "stool-sitting" technique of occupying stools at a local cafeteria which denied service to African Americans, blocking other customers waiting for service.[18] This tactic was to play a prominent role in the laterCivil Rights Movement. By January 1943, students had begun to organize regular sit-ins and pickets around Washington, D.C. at cigar stores and cafeterias which refused to serve them because of their race. These protests continued until the fall of 1944.[19]
Stokely Carmichael, also known asKwame Ture, a student in the Department ofPhilosophy and the Howard UniversitySchool of Divinity, coined the term "Black Power" and worked inLowndes County, Alabama as avoting rights activist.[20] HistorianRayford Logan served as chair of the Department ofHistory.[21]E. Franklin Frazier served as chair of the Department ofSociology.[22]Sterling Allen Brown served as chair of the Department ofEnglish.
| 1867 | Charles B. Boynton |
| 1867–1869 | Byron Sunderland |
| 1869–1874 | Oliver Otis Howard |
| 1875–1876 | Edward P. Smith |
| 1877–1889 | William W. Patton |
| 1890–1903 | Jeremiah Rankin |
| 1903–1906 | John Gordon |
| 1906–1912 | Wilbur P. Thirkield |
| 1912–1918 | Stephen M. Newman |
| 1918–1926 | J. Stanley Durkee |
| 1926–1960 | Mordecai Wyatt Johnson |
| 1960–1969 | James Nabrit Jr. |
| 1969–1989 | James E. Cheek |
| 1990–1994 | Franklyn Jenifer |
| 1995–2008 | H. Patrick Swygert |
| 2008–2013 | Sidney A. Ribeau |
| 2013–2023 | Wayne A. I. Frederick |
| 2023–2025 | Ben Vinson III |
| 2025–Present | Wayne A. I. Frederick (interim) |
The first sitting president to speak at Howard wasCalvin Coolidge in 1924. His graduation speech was entitled, "The Progress of a People", and highlighted the accomplishments to date of African-Americans since the Civil War. His concluding thought was, "We can not go out from this place and occasion without refreshment of faith and renewal of confidence that in every exigency our Negro fellow citizens will render the best and fullest measure of service whereof they are capable."[23]
In 1965, PresidentLyndon B. Johnson delivered a speech to the graduating class at Howard, where he outlined his plans for civil rights legislation and endorsed aggressiveaffirmative action to combat the effects of years of segregation of blacks from the nation's economic opportunities.[24] At the time, thevoting rights bill was still pending in the House of Representatives.[25]
In 1975, the historicFreedman's Hospital closed after 112 years of use asHoward University College of Medicine's primary teaching hospital. Howard University Hospital opened that same year and continues to be used as HUCM's primary teaching hospital, with service to the surrounding community.
Also in 1975,Jeanne Sinkford became the first female dean of any American dental school when she was appointed as the dean of Howard University's school of dentistry.[26]
In 1989, Howard gained national attention when students rose up in protest against the appointment of then-Republican National Committee ChairmanLee Atwater as a new member of the university's board of trustees. Student activists disrupted Howard's 122nd-anniversary celebrations, and eventually occupied the university's administration building.[27] Within days, both Atwater and Howard's President,James E. Cheek, resigned.
In April 2007, the head of the faculty senate called for the ouster of Howard University PresidentH. Patrick Swygert, saying the school was in a state of crisis, and it was time to end "an intolerable condition of incompetence and dysfunction at the highest level."[28] This came on the heels of several criticisms of Howard University and its management. The following month, Swygert announced he would retire in June 2008.[29] The university announced in May 2008 thatSidney Ribeau ofBowling Green State University would succeed Swygert as president.[30] Ribeau appointed a Presidential Commission on Academic Renewal to conduct a year-long self-evaluation that resulted in reducing or closing 20 out of 171 academic programs.[31] For example, they proposed closing the undergraduate philosophy major and African studies major.[31]
Six years later, in 2013, university insiders again alleged the university was in crisis. In April, the vice chairwoman of the university's board of trustees wrote a letter to her colleagues harshly criticizing the university's president and calling for a vote of no confidence; her letter was subsequently obtained by the media where it drew national headline.[32][33] Two months later, the university's Council of Deans alleged "fiscal mismanagement is doing irreparable harm," blaming the university's senior vice president for administration, chief financial officer and treasurer and asking for his dismissal.[34] In October, the faculty voted no confidence in the university's board of trustees executive committee, two weeks after university president Sidney A. Ribeau announced he would retire at the end of the year.[35] On October 1, the Board of Trustees namedWayne A. I. Frederick interim president.[36] In July 2014 Howard's Board of Trustees named Frederick as the school's 17th president.[37]
In May 2016, PresidentBarack Obama delivered a commencement address at Howard University encouraging the graduates to become advocates for racial change and to prepare for future challenges.[38]
In 2018, nearly 1,000 students held asit-in demanding injunction over the administration's use of funding, after aMedium post revealed that six university employees had been fired for "double dipping" financial aid and tuition remission. The university had discovered the fraud the previous year, but had not publicly disclosed the loss; 131 individuals were involved in some form, with the top 50 recipients accounting for 90% of the total, and the five most reimbursed individuals receiving $689,375 in refunds.[39][40] After the student protest ended, faculty voted "no confidence" in the university president, chief operating officer, provost, and board of trustees.[41] The nine-day protest ended with university officials promising to meet most of their demands.[42] It also led to an investigation by the Department of Education, which placed the university on "heightened cash monitoring", an increased form of scrutiny relating to the disbursement of student financial aid.[43] This monitoring status was rescinded in December of the following year.[44]
In May 2021, the university announced that the newly re-established college of fine arts, led by DeanPhylicia Rashad, would be named the Chadwick A. Boseman College of Fine Arts for theactor and distinguished alum who from his days as a student in the late 1990s through his death from cancer in 2020 led protests against the 1997 absorption of the College of Fine Arts into the College of Arts & Sciences.[45]
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In 2023, Howard University issued a $300 million tax-exempt bond to tackle the housing woes,[46] as part of a $785 million investment to renovate and construct academic centers.[47]
In March 2022, Howard University announced that it will spend $785 million over the next four years to construct new STEM complex, academic buildings to house the Chadwick Boseman School of Fine Arts, and the Cathy Hughes School of Communications, as well as renovate other buildings on campus.[48][49]
In 2023, Howard University was selected by the Department of the Air Force to lead a research center on tactical autonomy technology for military systems.[50]
In February 2025, Howard University became the first HBCU to achieveResearch One (R1) Carnegie Classification.[51] In November 2025,MacKenzie Scott donated an $80 million gift to Howard -- one of the largest donations in the school's history.[52] Scott's gift included $17 million for theHoward University College of Medicine, the first and oldest medical college at anHBCU.[52] In recent years, Scott has donated $132 million to Howard, including $40 million in 2020, and $12 million in 2023.[52]
The 256-acre (1.04 km2; 0.400 sq mi) campus, often referred to as "The Mecca", is in northwest Washington, D. C.[53]
Major improvements, additions and changes occurred at the school in the aftermath ofWorld War I. New buildings were built under the direction of architectAlbert Cassell.[54][53]
Howard University has several historic landmarks on campus, such asAndrew Rankin Memorial Chapel, Frederick Douglass Memorial Hall, and the Founders Library.
The Howard University Gallery of Art was established by Howard's board of trustees in 1928. The gallery's permanent collection has grown to over 4,000 works of art and continues to serve as an academic resource for the Howard community.[55]
Howard University has eight residence halls for students: Drew Hall (freshmen), College Hall North (freshwomen), The Harriet Tubman Quadrangle - "Quad" (freshwomen), Cook Hall (freshmen), Bethune Annex (co-ed, continuing students), Plaza Towers West (co-ed, continuing students), College Hall South (co-ed, continuing students), The Axis (co-ed, continuing students), Mazza Grandmarc (co-ed, continuing students), WISH-Woodley Park (co-ed, continuing students) and Plaza Towers East (co-ed, continuing students).
Howard University Hospital, opened in 1975 on the eastern end of campus, was built on the site ofGriffith Stadium, in use from the 1890s to 1965 as home of thefirst,second andthird incarnations of theMLB Senators, as well as theNFL'sWashington Redskins, several college football teams (includingGeorgetown,GWU andMaryland) and part-time home of theHomestead Grays of theNegro National League.
Howard University is home to the commercial radio stationWHUR-FM 96.3, also known as Howard University Radio. A student-run station, WHBC, operates on anHD Radio sub-channel of WHUR-FM. HUR Voices can be heard on SiriusXM Satellite Radio. Howard is also home to the public television stationWHUT-TV, located on campus next to WHUR-FM. WHUR-FM became the birthplace of thequiet storm late-night radio format via its student internMelvin Lindsey in 1976, named after aSmokey Robinson song and album, both titled "Quiet Storm" andA Quiet Storm, respectively.
The university is led by a board of trustees that includes a faculty trustee from the undergraduate colleges, a faculty trustee from the graduate and professional colleges serving three-year terms, two student trustees, each serving one-year terms, and three alumni-elected trustees, each serving three-year terms.[53]
| Academic rankings | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Forbes[56] | 273 |
| U.S. News & World Report[57] | 86 |
| Washington Monthly[58] | 141 |
| WSJ/College Pulse[59] | 127 |
| Global | |
| ARWU[60] | 901–1000 |
| QS[61] | 581–590 |
| THE[62] | 201–250 |
| U.S. News & World Report[63] | 1005 |
Howard faculty include member of Congress from MarylandRoscoe Bartlett, blood banking pioneerCharles Drew,[64] Emmy-winning actorAl Freeman Jr.,[65] suffragistElizabeth Piper Ensley,[66] civil rights lawyerCharles Hamilton Houston, media entrepreneurCathy Hughes, marine biologistErnest Everett Just, professor of surgeryLaSalle D. Leffall Jr., sociology professor Anaheed Al-Hardan, journalistsNikole Hannah-Jones andTa-Nehisi Coates,[67] political consultantRon Walters, political activistStacey Abrams, novelist and diplomatE. R. Braithwaite,[68] filmmakerHaile Gerima, and psychiatristFrances Cress Welsing.
Howard offers four selectivehonors programs for its most high-achieving undergraduate students: the College of Arts & Sciences Honors Program, the School of Education Honors Program, the Executive Leadership Honors Program in the School of Business, and the Annenberg Honors Program in the School of Communications.[69]
TheNew York Institute of Technology (NYIT) and Howard University have an accelerated seven-year Chemistry, B.S. (Pharmaceutical Sciences)-Pharm. D. program, which allows New York Tech students to receive both a Bachelor of Science from NYIT and a Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm. D.) from Howard.[70]
In 2017, Howard established the BisonSTEM Scholars Program to increase the number ofunderrepresented minorities with high-level research careers in science, engineering, technology, and mathematics. Bison STEM Scholars are given full scholarships and committed to earning aPhD or a combinedMD–PhD in a STEM discipline. The highly competitive program annually accepts approximately 30 undergraduate students for each new cohort.[71][72] As of 2020, the Bison STEM Scholars Program was renamed the Martha and Bruce Karsh Stem Scholars Program (KSSP) following the $10 million (~$11.9 million in 2024) donation from the family's foundation.[73]
In 2017,Google Inc. announced it had established a pilot residency program named "Howard University West" on its campus inMountain View, California, to help increaseunderrepresented minorities in the tech industry. In 2018, the program expanded from a three-month summer program to a full academic year program and the name changed to "Tech Exchange" to be inclusive of 15 otherminority-serving institutions added to the program such asFlorida A&M,Prairie View A&M, andFisk.[74] Howard students in the program learn from senior Google engineers, practice the latest coding techniques, and experience tech culture in Mountain View for course credits towards their degrees.[75][76]
In July 2022, theWalt Disney Company announced it established the Disney Storytellers Fund at the Cathy Hughes School of Communications and the Chadwick A. Boseman College of Fine Arts to support creative student projects. The fund provides undergraduate students with stipends up to $60,000 and mentorship intended to help cultivate a new generation of Black storytellers.[77] In October 2022, the fund expanded to otherHBCU campuses.[78]
Howard's most prominent research building is the Interdisciplinary Research Building (IRB). Opened in 2016, the multi-story, 81,670 square foot, state-of-the-art research facility was completed for $70 million (~$89.4 million in 2024). The IRB was designed to promote more collaborative and innovative research on campus.[79]
"The Moorland-Spingarn Research Center (MSRC) is recognized as one of the world's largest and most comprehensive repositories for the documentation of the history and culture of people of African descent inAfrica, theAmericas, and other parts of the world. TheMSRC collects, preserves, and makes available for research a wide range of resources chronicling black experiences."[80]
The Beltsville Center for Climate System Observation (BCCSO) is a NASA University Research Center at theBeltsville, Maryland campus of Howard University. BCCSO consists of a multidisciplinary group of Howard faculty in partnership with NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Earth Sciences Division, other academic institutions, and government. This group is led by three Principal Investigators, Everette Joseph, also the director of BCCSO, Demetrius Venable and Belay Demoz. BCCSO trains science and academic leaders to understand atmospheric processes through atmospheric observing systems and analytical methods.[81][82]
Founded in 1993, The Ralph J. Bunche International Affairs Center's (RBC) mission is to serve as the hub and catalyst for enhancing international engagement for the benefit of the Howard University community. The RBC houses study abroad programs, foreign affairs scholarships and internships, and international affairs research. Most recently, the RBC launched the Global Futures Collaborative (GFC) as a policy engine for greater programming.[83]
Howard University is home toThe Hilltop, the university's student newspaper. Founded in 1924 byZora Neale Hurston,The Hilltop enjoys a long legacy at the university.
Howard University is the publisher ofThe Journal of Negro Education, which began publication in 1932. The Howard University Bison Yearbook is created, edited and published during the school year to provide students a year-in-review. Howard University also publishes theCapstone, the official e-newsletter for the university; and theHoward Magazine, the official magazine for the university, which is published three times a year.
On 2 December 1907,Andrew Carnegie granted Howard University $50,000 to establish its first library. Located in what today is the Carnegie Building, the Howard University library operated there until 1937.[84]
Today, the Howard University Libraries (HUL) system comprises nine branches and centers
Most of Howard's 21NCAA Division I varsity teams compete in theMid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC).
In February of 2024 the Howard University Ice Skating Club became the firstHBCU organization to compete in an intercollegiate figure skating competition; that competition was the Blue Hen Ice Classic. The club competed in the Team Maneuvers – Low event, team skater Gabrielle Francis competed in the Pre-Preliminary Women Excel event, and club president Maya James competed in the Juvenile Women Short Program.[90][91]
| Race and ethnicity[92] | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Black | 69% | ||
| Hispanic | 6% | ||
| Foreign national | 5% | ||
| Other[a] | 5% | ||
| Asian | 4% | ||
| Native American Indian | 1% | ||
| Economic diversity | |||
| Low-income[b] | 41% | ||
| Affluent[c] | 59% | ||
Howard is one of the five largest HBCUs in the nation with around 10,000 students.[93] Thestudent-to-faculty ratio is 7:1.[94]
Howard is a selective institution.[95] The incoming freshman class of fall 2021 had 29,391 applicants, and 10,362 (35%) were accepted into Howard.[96] Approximately 25% of the student body is male, as of 2025.[97]
There are over 200 student organizations and special interest groups established on campus.[98]
Howard produced fourRhodes Scholars between 1986 and 2017.[99] Between 1998 and 2009, Howard University produced aMarshall Scholar, twoTruman Scholars, twenty-twoFulbright Scholars and tenPickering Fellows.[100]
In 2020, 82% of first-year students received need-based financial aid.[101]
Howard University has many academic and social Greek letter organizations on campus. Howard is the founding site of theNational Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) and five of the nine NPHC organizations.[102] Also, Howard is one of four HBCUs with a chapter ofPhi Beta Kappa which is the oldest academic honor society in the U.S.[103][104]
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Howard Homecoming week is the most prominent and richest cultural tradition of the institution.[105][106] Over 100,000 of alumni, students, celebrity guests, and visitors are in attendance to patronize the many events and attractions affiliated with the festive week on and near campus. While the specific calendar of events changes from year to year, the traditional homecoming events include the Homecoming Football Game and Tailgate, Pep Rally, Coronation Ball, Greek Step-Show (Howard NPHC Greeks), and Fashion Show. After a two-year hiatus, the Yardfest returned in 2016 as one of the cherished traditions.[107][108][109]
Howard's first official homecoming was held in 1924 and it takes place every fall semester with a new theme developed by the homecoming committee.[110][111]
Springfest is an annual tradition created by the Undergraduate Student Association (UGSA) to celebrate the arrival of spring. Springfest is similar to homecoming week in the fall but on a smaller scale and with more emphasis on the student body. Springfest events traditionally include the Fashion Show, Talent Show, Vendor Fair, Poetry Showcase, Beauty Conference, Charity Basketball Game, and a major community service event. The schedule of events changes slightly each year.[112][113]
The Bison Ball and Excellence Awards is an annualblack tie gala hosted by the Howard University Student Association (HUSA). A select number of students, faculty, organizations, and administrators from the Howard community are honored for their exceptional accomplishments. This event takes place near the end of every spring semester.[114][115]
Resfest week is a Howard tradition that involves freshmen living inresidence halls on campus competing in several organized competitions (field day,[116] academic debate, dance, stroll,[117]step-show, etc.) for campus bragging rights. This event takes place on campus near the end of every spring semester.[118]
Distinguished alumni of Howard University include avice president of the United States, several United States diplomats and United States governors, aUnited States Ambassador to the United Nations, foreign royals, seven foreign heads of state, 11 members ofUnited States Congress, aSupreme Court Justice, directors and executives ofFortune 500 companies,Academy Award– andEmmy Award–winning actors,Grammy Award—winning songwriters and producers, twoUS Army generals, aUS Air Force general andVice Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force, and Nobel laureates including Nobel Prize for Literature winnerToni Morrison. Additional alumni include civil rights activists and pioneers in theCivil Rights Movement, aUnited States Secretary of Health and Human Services, aUnited States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, aUnited States Secretary of Agriculture, a United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs, a United States Secretary of the Army, a United States Deputy Secretary of Commerce, 12 Mayors of American cities, and three State Attorneys General. Howard University has also produced many firsts, includingRoger Arliner Young who became the first African-American woman to receive a doctorate in zoology,Benjamin O. Davis Sr. the first African-American US Army general,Frederic E. Davison the first African-American US Army Major General and the first to command a US Army Infantry Division,Johnson O. Akinleye, 12th Chancellor ofNorth Carolina Central University,Thurgood Marshall, the first African-American Supreme Court justice, andEdward W. Brooke III who became the first African-American elected to theUS Senate, among others. Howard University also counts fourRhodes Scholarship winners,[99] 22Pickering Fellows, 11Truman Scholars, over 70Fulbright Scholars, aSchwarzman Scholar, aGoldwater Scholar, and twoPulitzer Prize winners and numerous other Pulitzer Prize nominees among its alumni. To date Howard University has granted over 120,000 degrees[119][100] and produces the most blackdoctorate recipients of any university.[120][121]
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