| Honiton | |
|---|---|
 Honiton | |
  Honiton Location withinDevon | |
| Population | 12,154 (2021)[1] |
| OS grid reference | ST164004 |
| Civil parish |
|
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | HONITON |
| Postcode district | EX14 |
| Dialling code | 01404 |
| Police | Devon and Cornwall |
| Fire | Devon and Somerset |
| Ambulance | South Western |
| UK Parliament | |
| Website | www |
| 50°48′N3°11′W / 50.80°N 3.19°W /50.80; -3.19 | |
Honiton (/ˈhɒnitən/) is amarket town andcivil parish inEast Devon, situated close to theRiver Otter, 17 miles (27 km) north east ofExeter in the county ofDevon. Honiton has a population estimated at 12,154[2] (based on 2021 census).
The town grew along the line of theFosse Way, the ancientRoman road linkingExeter (Isca Dumnoniorum) toLincoln (Lindum). Contrary to 19th-century theories, it is unlikely to have been known as a stopping-point by the Romans, who built a small fort for that purpose just to the west of the present town. Honiton's location is mentioned in theDomesday Book as Honetone, meaning Huna's tun or farmstead.[3]
Honiton later grew to become an important market town, known forlace making that was introduced byFlemish immigrants in theElizabethan era. In the 17th century thousands of people produced lace by hand in their homes, and in the 19th centuryQueen Victoria had herwedding dress made ofHoniton lace, though the dress itself was made in the fishing village ofBeer.[4] The town also became known for itspottery.[5]
In 1747 and 1765 the town was badly damaged by fires.[6]Georgian houses were then built to replace some of those that had been destroyed.[7]
The buildings of High Street are almost all Georgian, dating from after the two fires of 1747 and 1765. Of particular interest are Marwood House, 1619, and the Manor House, which was originally a coaching inn (the added porch is 19th-century). Honiton Garage dates from about 1700 and the Market Hall (which originally had arcades on the ground floor and an assembly room above) has a modest early-19th-century stone front.[8]
St Michael's Parish Church, which was rebuilt in 1911 after a fire, is situated on a small hill above the town. The old church was large and perfectly rectangular: it was built in the Perpendicular style, with two aisles, two transepts (which did not project), and the chancel and two chancel chapels equal to it in length. The west tower and the outer walls are all that remains of the old building. The cost of the original building was paid by Bishop Courtenay of Exeter, lord of the manor of Honiton (west part) and by John and Joan Takell (east part).[8]
The mid-19th-century St Paul's Church was designed byCharles Fowler and is situated in the centre of the town. Its erection in 1835 required an act of Parliament[9] and the demolition of half of the adjacent Allhallows Chapel. It was built in 1837–38 in a style incorporating elements ofRomanesque architecture. There are pinnacles on the tower and the arcades inside have tall columns; above the nave is a clerestory which resembles those in early Christian basilicas.[10]
Allhallows Museum of Lace and Local Antiquities claims to hold one of the most comprehensive collections of Honiton lace in the world. It is located in a building, claimed to be the oldest still extant in Honiton, which formerly belonged to Allhallows School from the 16th century until the 1930s.[11]
Honiton was granted aroyal charter in 1221 during the reign ofKing Henry III that allowed it to hold a market.[12] To celebrate, the town held the Honiton Fair, originally on Allhallows Eve andAllhallows Day (1 November), the date was changed in 1247 to the eve and feast of St Margaret (19/20 July). In order to encourage people to travel to the town from the surrounding area to attend a subsequent fair without fear of arrest for their debts, no arrests for outstanding debts were allowed while the fair took place.[13] At the beginning landed gentry took pleasure in throwing hot chestnuts from windows to local peasants and over time these gave way to hot pennies, a seemingly philanthropic gesture resulting in burns (until the peasants figured out to wear gloves or use a cloth to pick the pennies up).
The Hot Pennies ceremony still takes place annually in the High Street of the town. At noon, theTown Crier, accompanied by theMayor and other local dignitaries, raises a garlanded pole with gloved hand at the top, and proclaims that "The glove is up. No man may be arrested until the glove is taken down". Pennies are then thrown from a number of balconies in the High Street to crowds of local people. The pole is then kept on display for the following "fair week".[14][15][16]
Honiton is host to the annual Honiton Agricultural Show,[17] an event traditionally held on the first Thursday of August in fields near the town, dating back to 1890.[18]
Honiton has two primary schools, Honiton Primary School[19] and Littletown Primary School,[20] as well as a secondary school,Honiton Community College,[21] which includes asixth form.
Local news and television programmes are provided byBBC South West andITV West Country. Television signals are received from theStockland Hill and local relay transmitters.[22][23]
Local radio stations areBBC Radio Devon on 103.4 FM,Heart West on 103.0 FM, andEast Devon Radio, a community based radio station which broadcast to the town on 94.6 FM.[24]
The town is served by the local newspaper,Midweek Herald which is published on Wednesdays.[25]
Honiton is at the junction of theA35, theA30,A373 and A375 roads. The A30 now bypasses the town to the north. Until the bypass's construction in 1966, the town was blighted by traffic congestion. Though, according to many residents, it still is. The town is 10½ miles from Junction 28 of theM5.[26] Despite Honiton's relatively small size, as aprimary route destination beyond the western end of theA303, Honiton is signed from as far asAmesbury, over 60 miles away.
Honiton railway station is on theWest of England Main Line and is served bySouth Western Railway services toLondon Waterloo andExeter St Davids.
Stagecoach provides regular bus links toSidmouth,Ottery St Mary and onwards toExeter, Stagecoach also operates limited service toSeaton, Devon andTaunton. Dartline operates the town service and limited services in the surrounding area.
Honiton is around 13 miles fromExeter Airport.
Honiton istwinned withMézidon-Canon in France, andGronau (Leine) in Germany.[27]
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