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High-definition television in the United States

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High-definition television (HDTV) in theUnited States was introduced in1998 and has since become increasingly popular and dominant in the television market. Hundreds of HD channels are available in millions of homes and businesses bothterrestrially and via subscription services such assatellite,cable andIPTV. HDTV has quickly become the standard, with about 85% of all TVs used being HD as of 2018.[1][failed verification] In the US, the720p and1080i formats are used for linear channels, while1080p is available on a limited basis, mainly forpay-per-view andvideo on demand content. Some networks have also begun transmitting content at 1080p viaATSC 3.0 multiplex channels, with CBS and NBC affiliates being the main stations that transmit at 1080p.

Proposals and introduction

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TheFederal Communications Commission (FCC) began soliciting proposals for a new television standard for the U.S. in the late 1980s and later decided to ask companies competing to create the standard to pool their resources and work together, forming what was known as theGrand Alliance in 1993.

On July 23, 1996,WRAL-TV (the thenCBS affiliate inRaleigh, North Carolina; now affiliated withNBC) became the first television station in the United States to broadcast a digital television signal.[2]

HDTV sets became available in the U.S. in 1998 and broadcasts began around November 1998. The first public HDTV broadcast was of the launch of the Space ShuttleDiscovery andJohn Glenn'sreturn to space; that broadcast was made possible in part by theHarris Corporation.[3] The first commercial broadcast of a local sporting event in HD was during Major League Baseball's Opening Day on March 31, 1998, theTexas Rangers against theChicago White Sox from The Ballpark in Arlington in Arlington, TX. The telecast was produced by LIN Productions, and overseen by LIN Productions president and Texas Rangers television executive producer Lee Spieckerman. The game was also the inaugural telecast on the digital channel of Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas NBC affiliateKXAS channel 5. The event was simultaneously shown via satellite at a reception attended by members of congress, the FCC and members of the industry in Washington, DC. This telecast was also the first commercial HD broadcast in the state of Texas.[4] The first major sporting event broadcast nationwide in HD wasSuper Bowl XXXIV, broadcast by ABC on January 30, 2000. By the2014–15 season every network show producing new episodes had transitioned to high definition.[5]

Satellite and cable

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Satellite television companies in the United States, such asDish Network andDirecTV, started to carry HD programming in 2003. Satellite transmissions in the U.S. use various forms ofPSK modulation. A separate tuner is required to receive HD satellite broadcasts.

Cable television companies in the U.S. generally prefer to use256-QAM to transmit HDTV. Many of the newer HDTVs with integrateddigital tuners include support for decoding 256-QAM in addition to 8VSB for OTA digital.Cable television companies started carrying HDTV in 2003.

Currently, HD programming is carried by all majortelevision networks in nearly allDMAs, includingABC,CBS,NBC,FOX,PBS,The CW,MyNetworkTV,Telemundo,Univision, andUniMás; and on manyindependent stations. All but a select few of cable networks offer an HD broadcast to cable and satellite companies.

HD programming on broadcast channels and premium content providers such asHBO andShowtime hadDolby Digital5.1.

List of current American high-definition channels

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Find sources: "High-definition television in the United States" – news ·newspapers ·books ·scholar ·JSTOR
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NameFirst-launched HD serviceHD Format[6]Letterbox/PillarboxCategoryType
A&ESeptember 4, 20061080iN/AEntertainmentCable
ABCSeptember 16, 2001720pPillarbox (2001–2016)
Letterbox (2016–present)
Broadcast
AccuWeather NetworkMarch 10, 20151080iN/ANewsCable
Adult SwimOctober 15, 2007Pillarbox (2007–2013)
Letterbox (2013–present)
Entertainment
AltitudeN/ASports - Regional
AMCEntertainment
American Heroes Channel
Animal PlanetLifestyle
AT&T SportsNetApril 1, 20111080pSports – Regional
ASPiREJune 27, 20121080iEntertainment
AWEJune 1, 20041080iLifestyle
AXS TVSeptember 6, 2001Entertainment
AztecaJuly 16, 2012Broadcast – SpanishBroadcast
BBC AmericaJuly 20, 2009EntertainmentCable
BBC World NewsAugust 5, 2013News
beIN SportsJune 1, 2012720pSports
beIN Sports en EspañolSports – Spanish
BET20081080iEntertainment
BET HerMarch 23, 2011
Big Ten Network2009720pSports - College
Bloomberg TVMay 9, 20111080iNews
Boomerang (TV network)March 4, 2019720pFamily
Bravo20071080iLifestyle
Cars.TVMay 2009Sports
Cartoon NetworkOctober 15, 2007Pillarbox (2007–2013)
Letterbox (2013–present)
Family
CBSSeptember 1998Pillarbox (1998–2018)
Letterbox (2018–present)
Broadcast
CBS Sports NetworkAugust 2008SportsCable
Cinemax (MoreMax, ActionMax, ThrillerMax, 5starMax, MovieMax, OuterMax, MaxLatino)September 1, 2008Premium MoviesPremium
CMTN/AEntertainmentCable
CNBCOctober 10, 2007News
CNNSeptember 6, 2007
Comedy CentralJanuary 13, 2009Entertainment
Comedy.TVMay 2009
Cooking ChannelMarch 31, 2008Lifestyle
Crime & Investigation NetworkApril 1, 2005720pPillarboxEntertainment
The CWSeptember 18, 20061080iBroadcast
DaystarN/A720pReligionCable
Destination AmericaMarch 31, 20081080iLifestyle
Discovery ChannelJune 2002Entertainment
Discovery en EspañolJuly 2016Spanish
Discovery FamiliaJuly 2016Spanish
Discovery FamilyMay 2010Family
Discovery LifeFebruary 1, 2011Lifestyle
Disney ChannelApril 2, 2008[7]720pPillarbox (2008–2017)
Letterbox (2017–present)
Family
Disney JuniorMarch 23, 2012Pillarbox (2012–2017)
Letterbox (2017–present)
Disney XDFebruary 13, 2009Pillarbox (2009–2017)
Letterbox (2017–present)
E!December 8, 20081080iLifestyle
Epix(Epix 2, Epix Hits)October 30, 2009Premium Movies
ES.TVMay 2009EntertainmentCable
ESPNMarch 30, 2003720pSports
ESPN2January 2005
ESPNewsMarch 30, 2008
ESPNUMarch 23, 2010
ESPN DeportesJanuary 7, 2004Sports – Spanish
EVINE LiveFebruary 13, 20151080iShopping
FMSeptember 30, 2015MusicCable
Food NetworkMarch 31, 2008Lifestyle
FoxSeptember 12, 2004720pPillarbox (2004–2007)
Letterbox (2007–present)
Broadcast
Fox Business NetworkOctober 15, 2007NewsCable
Fox DeportesN/ASports – Spanish
Fox News ChannelApril 29, 2008News
FS1N/ASports
FS2
Fox Soccer PlusJune 15, 2010
Fox Sports Networks(All Networks)July 2010Sports – Regional
Freeform2008Family
Fuse20081080iMusic
FX2007720pEntertainment
FXMMovies
FXXSeptember 2, 2013Entertainment
FYIJanuary 1, 1999Lifestyle
GAC FamilyOctober 1, 20131080iFamily
GAC Living2014Lifestyle
GalavisiónJune 1, 2010Spanish
Gol TVAugust 1, 2010Sports – Spanish
Golf ChannelJanuary 2007Sports
Game Show NetworkSeptember 15, 2010Entertainment
Hallmark ChannelN/AFamily
Hallmark Movies & MysteriesJanuary 20, 2004Movies
HBO(HBO2, HBO Comedy, HBO Family, HBO Latino, HBO Signature, HBO Zone)March 6, 1999Premium MoviesPremium
HDNet MoviesJanuary 13, 2003MoviesCable
HGTVMarch 31, 2008Lifestyle
HistoryJanuary 2008Entertainment
HLNDecember 15, 2008News
HSNAugust 2009Shopping
HSN 2
IFC2007Movies
Investigation DiscoveryN/AEntertainment
IonFebruary 16, 2009720pBroadcast
Justice CentralN/A1080iNewsCable
LifetimeApril 16, 2008Lifestyle
LMN2007[8]
Logo TVJune 30, 2005
Magnolia NetworkMay 1, 2010
MASN(MASN2)September 16, 2008Sports – Regional
MAVTVOctober 1, 2004Sports
Mega TVMarch 1, 2006Broadcast – Spanish
MGM HDOctober 10, 2007MoviesPremium
Midco Sports NetworkN/ASports – RegionalCable
Minnesota ChannelOctober 2012EntertainmentBroadcast
MLB NetworkDecember 17, 2008720pSportsCable
MLB StrikeZone
Motor TrendJune 17, 20021080i
The Movie Channel (The Movie Channel Xtra)December 1, 2003Premium MoviesPremium
MoviePlex (IndiePlex, RetroPlex)February 11, 2010
MSG (MSG Plus,MSG Western New York)January 22, 2009Sports – RegionalCable
MSNBCJune 29, 2009[9]News
MTVJanuary 2006Entertainment
MTV22012
MTV LiveJanuary 16, 2006Music
MyDestination.TVN/ALifestyle
MyNetworkTVSeptember 5, 2006720pBroadcast
Nat Geo WildMarch 29, 2010LifestyleCable
National GeographicJanuary 2006Entertainment
NBA TVOctober 30, 20071080iSports
NBCApril 26, 1999Pillarbox (1999–2002)
Letterbox (2002–present)
Broadcast
NBC Sports Regional Networks2010Sports – RegionalCable
NBC UniversoFebruary 1, 2015Spanish
NESNApril 2006Sports – Regional
Newsmax TVJune 16, 2014News
NewsNationN/A
NFL NetworkAugust 2004Sports
NFL RedZoneSeptember 13, 2009
NHL NetworkOctober 1, 2007
Nick at NiteNovember 14, 2007Pillarbox (2007-2020)
Letterbox (2020-present)
Family
Nickelodeon
NicktoonsAugust 13, 2013Pillarbox (2013–2020)
Letterbox (2020–present)
Nick Jr. ChannelAugust 1, 2013
One America News NetworkJuly 4, 2013News
Outdoor Channel2004Sports
OvationJuly 2010Lifestyle
OWNJanuary 1, 2011
OxygenMarch 2011
Pac-12 NetworkAugust 15, 2012Sports – College
Paramount NetworkJanuary 2008Entertainment
PBSMarch 1, 2004BothBroadcast
Pets.TVN/ALifestyleCable
Playboy TV2008Adult
PopN/ALifestyle
QVCMay 2009Shopping
Recipe.TVN/ALifestyle
ReelzAugust 1, 2010720pEntertainment
RevoltOctober 21, 20131080iMusic
RFD-TVJuly 26, 2007Lifestyle
ScienceSeptember 1, 2009Lifestyle
SEC NetworkAugust 14, 2014720pSports - College
ShortsTVFebruary 17, 20101080iMovies
Showtime(Showtime 2, Showcase, Showtime Extreme, SHO×BET, Showtime Next, Showtime Women)July 25, 2013Premium MoviesPremium
Smithsonian ChannelSeptember 26, 2007LifestyleCable
SNYMarch 16, 2006Sports – Regional
Sony Movie ChannelOctober 1, 2010Movies
Spectrum SportsNet LAFebruary 25, 2014Sports – Regional
Spectrum SportsNetN/A
Sportsman ChannelJanuary 25, 2010Sports
Starz(Starz Comedy, Starz Edge, Starz Kids and Family, Starz InBlack, Starz Cinema)December 2003Premium MoviesPremium
Starz Encore(Starz Encore, Starz Encore Action, Starz Encore Black, Starz Encore Classic, Starz Encore Suspense)March 22, 2003
SundanceTVJuly 1, 2011MoviesCable
SyfyOctober 3, 2007Entertainment
TBSSeptember 1, 2007Pillarbox (2007–2010)
Letterbox (2010–present)
TCMJune 2009Movies
TelemundoApril 23, 2009Broadcast – SpanishBroadcast
TeenNick2016FamilyCable
Tennis ChannelDecember 31, 2007Sports
TLCSeptember 1, 2007Lifestyle
TNTMay 21, 2004Entertainment
Travel ChannelN/ALifestyle
truTVMarch 2011Entertainment
TUDNApril 7, 2012Sports – Spanish
TV LandNovember 2011Family
TV OneJanuary 19, 2004Entertainment
UniMásJanuary 1, 2010Broadcast – SpanishBroadcast
UnivisionJanuary 1, 2010Broadcast – SpanishBroadcast
UP tvN/AFamilyCable
USA NetworkOctober 2007Entertainment
VicelandFebruary 29, 2016Lifestyle
VH12005Entertainment
WE tvN/ALifestyle
The Weather ChannelSeptember 26, 2007News
WeatherNation TVOctober 27, 2011
World Fishing NetworkNovember 2007Sports
YESJuly 2004Sports – Regional

See also

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References

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  1. ^"HDTV SETS NOW IN OVER 80% OF U.S. HOUSEHOLDS".Leichtman Research Group. March 13, 2015. Archived fromthe original on May 13, 2015. RetrievedNovember 26, 2022.
  2. ^History of WRAL Digital
  3. ^"HDTV: Launched and Counting".Broadcasting and Cable.BNET. November 2, 1998. Archived fromthe original on December 10, 2008. RetrievedOctober 24, 2008.
  4. ^First HDTV Baseball Game. Jivyjives. December 6, 2009 – via YouTube.
  5. ^End of an era: the last US broadcast network TV shows finally switch from SD to HD. Diverse Tech Geek. 11 June 2014.
  6. ^"HD Channels". HD Report. RetrievedMarch 19, 2023.
  7. ^"DirecTV adds Disney Channel HD, Toon Disney HD and ESPNews HD".Engadget. Darren Murph. RetrievedJuly 20, 2024.
  8. ^Screen, World (April 16, 2008)."WorldScreen.com - Articles - Lifetime Television HD Channel Launches".WORLD SCREEN. RetrievedNovember 29, 2025.
  9. ^"MSNBC to Go HD on June 29".TVWeek. April 2, 2009. RetrievedNovember 26, 2022.
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