Herbert V. Clark | |
|---|---|
 Herbert V. Clark – 1955 | |
| Birth name | Herbert V. Clark |
| Nickname | Bud |
| Born | (1919-03-16)March 16, 1919 |
| Died | January 25, 2003(2003-01-25) (aged 83) |
| Allegiance | United States of America |
| Branch | |
| Service years | 1942–1955 |
| Rank | Major |
| Unit | 332nd Fighter Group |
| Awards | |
Herbert Vanallen Clark (March 16, 1919 – January 25, 2003) (WIA) was aU.S. Army Air Force/U.S. Air Force officer, and combat fighter pilot. He first served in combat with the all-African American332nd Fighter Group in World War II, best known as theTuskegee Airmen. He completed two tours of duty, completing ten missions on his second tour. In 1944, Clark's aircraft was shot down overItaly, and was reported as missing in action. He was picked up by theItalian resistance, evading enemies for eight months before rejoining his unit. He retired with a rank of major.
Clark was born on March 16, 1919, inPine Bluff, Arkansas,Jefferson County, Arkansas.[1] His mother was a high schoolmathematics teacher and his father, Jeremiah Clark, was the pastor of the St. Paul's Baptist Church.[2]
In 1942, he signed up for the U.S. government'sCivilian Pilot Training Program (CPTP). After completing the CPTP, he entered basic training. Clark attended the Tuskegee Cadet Pilot program, graduating from its Single Engine Section Class SE-42-F on 3 July 1942 and receiving his wings and commission as a2nd Lieutenant.[3] He was then assigned to the 332rd Fighter Group's99th Pursuit Squadron.[1][4] He participated in several missions around Sicily, includingPantelleria andSciacca.[3] By 5 November 1943, he completed his first combat tour and returned to the United States.[5][6]: 165 Along with other veterans of the 99th Squadron, he declined to return with the 332nd when it left for Italy on December 24, 1943; fellow veteranCharles W. Dryden attributed this to low morale in his memoir.[7] Clark was stationed atSelfridge, Michigan where he became a flight instructor for the553d Fighter-Bomber Squadron.[8][4]
Clark began a second combat tour in Europe, during which he completed ten missions.[9] On 16 August 1944, Clark's aircraft was shot down by flak 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north ofMiane,Italy.[10] He was seen parachuting from his burning aircraft,[2] and was listed as missing in action.[9] He suffered a head wound when he struck a tree parachuting to the ground, and was immediately picked up by theItalian resistance who sheltered him for eight months.[9][11] During his time with the resistance, Clark led a group of partisans attacking German positions in northern Italy.[12]: 130 On 4 May 1945 he returned to Allied lines.[6] According to theFifteenth Army Air Force, "nothing short of pandemonium would describe the reactions ... when everyone realized that the group's own 'Bud Clark' had actually returned".[9]
Clark retired with the rank of major.[1]
Clark died on January 25, 2003, at the age of 83. He was interred at the Westview Cemetery inBlacksburg, Virginia,Montgomery County, Virginia.[14] The Fifteenth Army Air Force reported that Clark had innovated as a pilot by landing hisP-40 Warhawk on one wheel while returning from a dive bombing mission over theAnzio Beachhead.[9] Dr.Henry Foster knew Clark as a child and was influenced by his war stories, pursuing work at an air force base and learning to fly. When he realized that none of the Tuskegee Airmen could find work with the U.S.airlines due to their practice of hiring only white pilots, Foster abandoned his goal of studying aeronautical engineering and decided to focus on medicine, later serving as a doctor at theTuskegee Institute for eight years.[2]
