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Help:IPA/Estonian

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
<Help:IPA
This is thepronunciation key forIPA transcriptions of Estonian on Wikipedia.
It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Estonian in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishingconsensus on thetalk page first.
For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
Wikipedia key to pronunciation of Estonian

The charts below show the way in which theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) representsEstonian pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, seeTemplate:IPA andWikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

SeeEstonian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Estonian.

IPAExamplesEnglish approximation
Consonants
ffilm[1]film
hhobune, rahahorse
jjõulyolk
kkabikayak
llinalack
lk[2]leap
mnaasmamay
nlinananny
ŋvang,kink[3]eating
vann[2]onion
pkapispill
rverecurd (someScottish dialects)
ssõbranna,zooloogiasole
vastik[2]super (some dialects)
ʃšampus, Solženitsõn[1]shy
ttavastand
vatt[2]RP stew
vvereveal
ʔmaq(inSouth Estonian) the pause in uh-oh
Stress
ˈhobuneNormally placed on the first syllable
hernehirmutis
[ˈherːneˈhirmutːis]
Two stressed syllables in compound words
armee
[arˈmeː]
Loanwords can have stress on non-initial syllables
Length
vere[ˈvere]
lina[ˈlinɑ]
Short syllable
ː[4]veere[ˈveːre]
linna[ˈlinːɑ]
Long syllable
ːː[4]veere[ˈveːːre]
linna[ˈlinːːɑ]
Overlong syllable
IPAExamplesEnglish approximation
Vowels[4]
ɑlinafather (GA)
ɑːnaasmafather (RP)
æmägicat
æːväärmad
etervepet
teewait (Indian andSouth African dialects)
ivihait
viinfeed
ooksstory
soostore
øköhaSomewhat like hurt
øːvööSomewhat like herd
ɤõluSomewhat like fern
ɤːõõnesSomewhat like verge
usurmpull
suupool
ykülasomewhat like cute
rüüpaSomewhat like cube

Diphthongs

[edit]
Estonian diphthongs[5]
Vowelɑeiou
ɑɑe̯ɑi̯ɑo̯ɑu̯
eeɑ̯ei̯eo̯(eu̯)
i(iɑ̯)(ie̯)(io̯)iu̯
ooɑ̯oe̯oi̯ou̯
u(uɑ̯)(ue̯)ui̯uo̯
ɤɤɑ̯ɤe̯ɤi̯ɤo̯ɤu̯
ææe̯æi̯æo̯æu̯
øøɑ̯øe̯øi̯(øo)(øu)
yyɑ̯(ye̯)yi̯(yo̯)

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ab[f] and[ʃ] occur only in loanwords; the latter is sometimes replaced by[s] by some speakers.
  2. ^abcdPalatalized consonants[tʲlʲ] are pronounced with the tongue constricted towards the hard palate (as if a simultaneous/j/ were being pronounced) whengeminated and before/i/.
  3. ^Allophone of/n/ before[k].
  4. ^abcEstonian has a three-way contrast between short, long, and overlong syllables. This contrast is present on both consonants and vowels. In some IPA transcriptions long sounds are marked with a single IPA length marker/ː/ and overlong with two/ːː/, while other transcriptions use half-long/ˑ/ and long/ː/ respectively. Overlong syllables also feature afalling pitch contour, while short and long syllables have a level pitch; however this is not marked.
  5. ^FromAsu & Teras (2009:370)

References

[edit]

External links

[edit]
Comparisons
Introductory guides
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