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| Gaúcho dialect | |
|---|---|
| Gaúcho / Gauchês / Guasca | |
| Native to |  Brazil |
| Region |  Rio Grande do Sul |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| IETF | pt-u-sd-brrs |
 | |
| This article containsIPA phonetic symbols. Without properrendering support, you may seequestion marks, boxes, or other symbols instead ofUnicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. | |
Gaúcho (Portuguese pronunciation:[ɡaˈuʃu],locally[ɡaˈuʃo]), more rarely calledSulriograndense, is theBrazilian Portuguese term for the characteristic accent spoken inRio Grande do Sul, Brazil's southernmost state, including its capital,Porto Alegre. It is heavily influenced by Spanish and somewhat influenced byHunsrückisch,Venetian,Guarani and other native languages.
Its phonology is heavily similar toRioplatense Spanish, including its characteristics of the speaking syllabic rhythm, use ofL-vocalization in thesyllable coda, and little use ofnasal vowels, basically restricted to the monophthong/ɐ̃/ and the diphthongs/ɐ̃w̃,õj̃/.
In the western and some central varieties there is the absence ofvowel reduction with word-final⟨e⟩ and⟨o⟩ (for example,leite is/ˈlejte/ instead of/ˈlejt(ʃ)i/ andtudo is/ˈtu.do/ instead of/ˈtu.du/). In some other cities of the region, the nasal monophthong/ɐ̃/ is heightened to/ə̃/, and in the metropolitan region final/ɐ/ may be realised as/ə/.
The "hard" rhotic usually registers in western varieties as [r] medially and [ʁ] initially or following/l/,/s/,/n/or/m/. In eastern varieties /ʁ/ has lenitioned into/ɦ/,/h/or/x/ and /r/ is not found.
The "soft" rhotic tends to register as either a short trill or [ɾ]. Although finally in eastern varieties, due to influence fromPaulistano, it is sometimes realised as [ɹ].
Grammatically, one of its most notable features is the use oftu, instead ofvocê, with the verb conjugating differently: e.g.tu corre andtu lava instead of*tu corres and*tu lavas. However,use of the standardvocê is also not rare. The same feature also occurs in other dialects of Brazilian Portuguese.
| Gaúcho | Standard Brazilian Portuguese | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| aspa | chifre | horn |
| avio | isqueiro | lighter |
| bah! | puxa!,nossa! | exclamation of surprise |
| bagual | excelente,ótimo | excellent, very good |
| bergamota | tangerina,mexerica | tangerine |
| bodoque | estilingue | slingshot |
| borracho | bêbado | drunk |
| cacetinho | pão francês | French bread |
| campear | procurar | to look for |
| chavear | trancar | to lock |
| chimia | geleia | jam |
| china | mulher | girl |
| cusco | cachorro,cão | dog |
| fatiota | terno | suit (noun) |
| inticar | provocar | to provoke |
| lancheria | lanchonete | restaurant/eating place |
| parelho | liso, homogêneo, igual | straight, equal |
| patente | vaso sanitário | toilet |
| peleia | briga | fight |
| remolacha | beterraba | beetroot |
| tchê! | cacilda!,caramba! | sentence intensifier or you (i.e. "Hey, you *name*") |
| terneiro | bezerro | calf |
| tri | legal,bacana | nice, cool |
| vivente | ser,pessoa | living being |
| a la pucha! | praises what was heard[1][2] | |
| querência | pátria | fatherland, homeland |
| xis | hambúrguer | hamburger |
The Gaúcho dialect ranges in features as the western variations have stronger influence fromRioplatense Spanish and the eastern, especially the ones spoken in theMetropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, stronger influence of thePaulistano dialect, resulting in differing features depending on the region the dialect is spoken.