Frutillar | |
|---|---|
 Top:Frutillar Lutheran Temple, Frutillar Bajo Dock, (left to right)Middle:View ofLlanquihue Lake andOsorno Volcano, Francismo Tolo Monument in Bernando Avenue, Frutillar Reloj Monument, Frutillar Baja German Colonial Museum, Frutillar Baja Lke Theater (Teatro del Lago) (left to lower right)Bottom:View ofLake Llanquihue andOsorno Volcano, from Frutillar Bajo, A heritage house in Frutillar German Colonial Museum (left to right) | |
 Coat of arms  Location of Frutillar in Los Lagos Region   Frutillar Location in Chile | |
| Coordinates (city):41°07′22″S73°03′29″W / 41.12278°S 73.05806°W /-41.12278; -73.05806 | |
| Country | Chile |
| Region | Los Lagos |
| Province | Llanquihue |
| Founded as | 23 November 1856 |
| Founded as | Villa de Frutillar |
| Founded by | Bernardo Phillipi |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Alcalde | Claus Lindemann |
| Area | |
• Total | 831.4 km2 (321.0 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 62 m (203 ft) |
| Population (2018 Census)[2] | |
• Total | 19,400 |
| • Density | 23.3/km2 (60.4/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 9,118 |
| • Rural | 6,407 |
| Demonym | Frutillarino |
| Sex | |
| • Men | 8,948 |
| • Women | 8,577 |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (CLT) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−3 (CLST) |
| Area code | 56 + 65 |
| Website | www |
Frutillar is acity andcommune located in southernChile, Chilean Patagonia, inLlanquihue Province, within theLos Lagos Region, the lake district. The bay of Frutillar is placed on the banks ofLake Llanquihue, the largest lake entirely within Chile. Frutillar is known as the "City of Music", and since 2017 is part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN), becoming the first Chilean city to be nominated, as well as the southernmost Creative City of Music in the world.
The name of the city derived fromfrutilla, the Spanish for "fragaria", precisley fromfrutilla chilena, the Spanish term forFragaria chiloensis, also called in Spanish asfrutilla blanca, meaning "white fragaria."
After a period of clearing up the land, the city of Frutillar was founded by German settlers in 1856, among them Christian Winkler, Wilhelm Kaschel, Heinrich Kuschel, Theodor Niklitschek, Christian Nannig, Christian Scheel and Adams Schmidt.
Vicente Pérez Rosales on a later expedition towards the south ofValdivia changed the course of the incoming colony to Lake Llanquihue. Rosales was searching for more land for the German settlers, south of Valdivia, as many sailing ships were arriving to the port of Valdivia from Germany sent by Bernardo Philippi under the official colonisation program of Southern Chile. This program was granted by PresidentManuel Bulnes and executed by president of ChileManuel Montt, officially naming Vicente Perez Rosales the head of the German colonisation of Llanquihue, as a continuation of the initial efforts by Bernard Philippi.
Rosales reached the lake through the dense wild forest and climbed toOsorno Volcano and at the height of 2,000 meters he was able to see the ocean to the south where he saw sailing ships navigating. It was the chilotes fromChiloe that had been sailing in the inner waters ofPuerto Montt since 1550 and came mainly fromGalicia, Spain, which has very similar climate conditions. He immediately informed this issue to the port of Valdivia and thus, from there on, the settlers started coming in throughPuerto Montt and travelled by land toPuerto Varas where other ships would sail the shores of lake Llanquihue to Frutillar andPuerto Octay.
A quote of the time illustrates the discovery of lake Llanquihue during its first sighting by Philippi: "The water of this lake is as clear as that of Geneva in Switzerland, its surface is about seven leagues long and one league wide, so I could not distinguish the opposite bank. On one hand, it has the snowy Alps, the Andes Mountain that rises from its eastern banks of a volcano covered with snow up to half of its height and goes into its waters" (Bernardo Philippi, 1842). This illustrates the period when Philippi discoveredLake Llanquihue and its similarity withLake Geneva in Switzerland. This information was given to the German settler in order to describe them the beauty of the region. It took over 10 years to be able to bring all the settlers from Germany to Chile and establish the first colonisation program inLake Llanquihue.[3]
AlthoughBernhard Eunom Philippi discovered it in 1842, when he was exploring the region with theChilean army, he brought the idea to theChilean government that the Southern Region of Chile would be best developed by bringing German settlers that were having a hard time in Germany due to theIndustrial Revolution and had plans to migrate toAmerica. This opportunity to attract German families to immigrate to Chile had to be done. The combined effort of Bernhard Eunom Philippi with Vicente Pérez Rosales, made the colonisation a reality and proved to be a success, as the region later was very well developed in agricultural and forestry, with European technology. AlsoGermanschools proved to be the best in the Southern region of Chile.
The German Museum, Teatro del Lago, Cofradia Nautica de Frutillar and Patagonia Virgin are today's main attractions in Frutillar.
The German Museum: The museum opens daily and it is located in the centre of the bay of Frutillar, one of the most beautiful touristic villages ofLake Llanquihue. The German Colony that arrived to the city in 1856 built their houses, water mill, warehouse and gardens to live there; the descendants of these settlers decided to leave these buildings for a museum that shows the way they lived. It is composed of a garden, the machine warehouse, the water mill to grind the seeds, and the main house that is located uphill with a great view to the Lake.
Teatro del Lago: Offers concerts all year round and is located in the main coastal road of the bay. The theatre is considered the largest in the country and the best acoustic theatre ever built in South America. Every year the musical festival traditionally conducts a continuous 2 week concert, called Musical Festival or “Semanas Musicales” this takes place at the end of January and the first week of February in the theatre. This cultural activity brings thousand of visitors every year.
Cofradia Nautica de Frutillar - Yacht Club: Is the lake's largest and best equipped yacht club located in the bay 400 m south of Teatro del Lago, along the coastal road of Frutillar Bay. The Club has activity all year; and promotes sailing in all categories. The yacht Club was established in 1986. There are 3 sailing schools in the bay that have been founded and promoted by “Cofradia." Also, during the spring and summer the yacht club makes Regattas on the Bay and around the lake.
Patagonia Virgin: Is a new urban development that will have hotels, commerce, restaurants, golf course Nicklaus, apartments and houses, as well as trekking, polo and tennis. The village, which is at the foot of Patagonia Virgin, will have over 40 stores, shops and restaurants with wild forest and views to all four volcanoes accessing lake Llanquihue through the Frutillar Bay. It is located 200 m south of Cofradia yacht club.[3]
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1875 | 630 | — |
| 1885 | 1,030 | +5.04% |
| 1895 | 1,489 | +3.75% |
| 1907 | 2,291 | +3.66% |
| 1920 | 4,205 | +4.78% |
| 1930 | 5,779 | +3.23% |
| 1940 | 10,380 | +6.03% |
| 1952 | 11,771 | +1.05% |
| 1970 | 12,326 | +0.26% |
| 1982 | 11,954 | −0.26% |
| 1992 | 13,107 | +0.93% |
| 2002 | 15,525 | +1.71% |
| 2017 | 18,428 | +1.15% |
| 2024 | 22,554 | +2.93% |
| Source:"Censo de Población y Vivienda". National Statistics Institute. | ||
According to the 2002census of theNational Statistics Institute, Frutillar spans an area of 831.4 km2 (321 sq mi) and has 15,525 inhabitants (7,948 men and 7,577 women). Of these, 9,118 (58.7%) lived inurban areas and 6,407 (41.3%) inrural areas. The population grew by 18.4% (2,418 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.[2]
As a commune, Frutillar is a third-leveladministrative division of Chile administered by amunicipal council, headed by analcalde (mayor) who is directly elected every four years. The 2016-2020 mayor is Claus Lindemann, independent.[1]
Within theelectoral divisions of Chile, Frutillar is represented in theChamber of Deputies by Fidel Espinoza (PS) and Carlos Recondo (UDI) as part of the 56th electoral district, together withPuyehue,Río Negro,Purranque,Puerto Octay,Fresia,Llanquihue,Puerto Varas andLos Muermos. The commune is represented in theSenate by Camilo Escalona Medina (PS) and Carlos Kuschel Silva (RN) as part of the 17th senatorial constituency (Los Lagos Region).
Previously the area had a German school, the Instituto Alemán Frutillar.[4]
Most common surnames and their frequencies in Frutillar as of 2014:[5]
| Climate data for Frutillar | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 20.0 (68.0) | 19.9 (67.8) | 17.7 (63.9) | 14.8 (58.6) | 12.0 (53.6) | 10.3 (50.5) | 9.8 (49.6) | 10.6 (51.1) | 12.0 (53.6) | 14.4 (57.9) | 16.3 (61.3) | 18.1 (64.6) | 14.7 (58.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 14.8 (58.6) | 14.6 (58.3) | 12.8 (55.0) | 10.5 (50.9) | 8.3 (46.9) | 7.1 (44.8) | 6.5 (43.7) | 6.9 (44.4) | 7.7 (45.9) | 9.8 (49.6) | 11.4 (52.5) | 13.2 (55.8) | 10.3 (50.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9.0 (48.2) | 8.9 (48.0) | 7.5 (45.5) | 6.1 (43.0) | 4.6 (40.3) | 3.7 (38.7) | 3.1 (37.6) | 3.1 (37.6) | 3.6 (38.5) | 5.2 (41.4) | 6.2 (43.2) | 7.9 (46.2) | 5.7 (42.4) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 63.2 (2.49) | 65.8 (2.59) | 117.6 (4.63) | 169.5 (6.67) | 217.3 (8.56) | 226.2 (8.91) | 204.8 (8.06) | 175.6 (6.91) | 137.7 (5.42) | 82.1 (3.23) | 92.8 (3.65) | 106.5 (4.19) | 1,659.1 (65.31) |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 76 | 78 | 82 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 85 | 82 | 79 | 78 | 77 | 82 |
| Source: Bioclimatografia de Chile[6] | |||||||||||||
