Flandreau | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Motto: "The Heart Of South Dakota" | |
 Location inMoody County and the state ofSouth Dakota | |
| Coordinates:44°02′47″N96°35′54″W / 44.04639°N 96.59833°W /44.04639; -96.59833 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | South Dakota |
| County | Moody |
| Incorporated | 1902[1] |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Dan Sutton |
| Area | |
• Total | 1.93 sq mi (4.99 km2) |
| • Land | 1.86 sq mi (4.81 km2) |
| • Water | 0.066 sq mi (0.17 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,565 ft (477 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 2,372 |
| • Density | 1,276.1/sq mi (492.72/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (Central (CST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 57028 |
| Area code | 605 |
| FIPS code | 46-21540[5] |
| GNIS feature ID | 1267391[3] |
| Website | www |
Flandreau/ˈflændruː/FLAN-droo[6] is a city in andcounty seat ofMoody County, South Dakota, United States.[7] The population was 2,372 at the2020 census.[8] It was named in honor ofCharles Eugene Flandrau, a judge in the territory and state of Minnesota. He is credited with saving the community ofNew Ulm, Minnesota, from destruction during conflict with theSioux tribe in 1862.
In 2015, the nearby federally recognizedFlandreau Indian Reservation ofSantee Sioux had planned to open the nation's first recreationalmarijuana lounge in a former bowling alley, close to its existing Royal River Casino and Hotel. Any tourists or non-tribal members using marijuana on tribal land risked state prosecution, so they abandoned the plan.[9][10]
Flandreau is located along theBig Sioux River.[11]
According to theUnited States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.93 square miles (5.00 km2), of which 1.86 square miles (4.82 km2) is land and 0.07 square miles (0.18 km2) is water.[12]
| Climate data for Flandreau, South Dakota (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1893−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 64 (18) | 70 (21) | 87 (31) | 94 (34) | 106 (41) | 105 (41) | 112 (44) | 108 (42) | 104 (40) | 94 (34) | 79 (26) | 65 (18) | 112 (44) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 43.1 (6.2) | 49.0 (9.4) | 65.9 (18.8) | 79.5 (26.4) | 86.7 (30.4) | 91.6 (33.1) | 93.0 (33.9) | 91.1 (32.8) | 87.5 (30.8) | 81.5 (27.5) | 63.7 (17.6) | 46.6 (8.1) | 95.4 (35.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 22.6 (−5.2) | 27.6 (−2.4) | 39.7 (4.3) | 54.4 (12.4) | 67.0 (19.4) | 76.8 (24.9) | 81.3 (27.4) | 79.0 (26.1) | 72.3 (22.4) | 58.2 (14.6) | 41.4 (5.2) | 27.5 (−2.5) | 54.0 (12.2) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 13.1 (−10.5) | 17.3 (−8.2) | 29.5 (−1.4) | 42.9 (6.1) | 55.8 (13.2) | 66.4 (19.1) | 70.6 (21.4) | 68.1 (20.1) | 60.0 (15.6) | 46.2 (7.9) | 31.2 (−0.4) | 18.6 (−7.4) | 43.3 (6.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 3.5 (−15.8) | 7.0 (−13.9) | 19.3 (−7.1) | 31.4 (−0.3) | 44.7 (7.1) | 56.1 (13.4) | 59.9 (15.5) | 57.2 (14.0) | 47.8 (8.8) | 34.2 (1.2) | 21.1 (−6.1) | 9.6 (−12.4) | 32.7 (0.4) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | −20.1 (−28.9) | −14.3 (−25.7) | −4.9 (−20.5) | 17.1 (−8.3) | 30.6 (−0.8) | 44.0 (6.7) | 48.6 (9.2) | 45.6 (7.6) | 32.3 (0.2) | 18.3 (−7.6) | 2.3 (−16.5) | −13.0 (−25.0) | −23.6 (−30.9) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −40 (−40) | −38 (−39) | −24 (−31) | −2 (−19) | 16 (−9) | 29 (−2) | 35 (2) | 32 (0) | 15 (−9) | −12 (−24) | −20 (−29) | −35 (−37) | −40 (−40) |
| Averageprecipitation inches (mm) | 0.54 (14) | 0.76 (19) | 1.32 (34) | 2.67 (68) | 4.12 (105) | 4.53 (115) | 3.81 (97) | 3.60 (91) | 3.07 (78) | 2.21 (56) | 1.01 (26) | 0.85 (22) | 28.49 (724) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 5.8 (15) | 8.2 (21) | 6.2 (16) | 4.8 (12) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.2 (3.0) | 5.6 (14) | 8.5 (22) | 40.4 (103) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.01 in) | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 7.9 | 10.0 | 9.8 | 7.5 | 7.1 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 81.6 |
| Average snowy days(≥ 0.1 in) | 4.9 | 5.0 | 3.1 | 2.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 2.5 | 5.1 | 23.6 |
| Source:NOAA[13][14] | |||||||||||||
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 471 | — | |
| 1890 | 569 | 20.8% | |
| 1900 | 1,244 | 118.6% | |
| 1910 | 1,484 | 19.3% | |
| 1920 | 1,929 | 30.0% | |
| 1930 | 1,934 | 0.3% | |
| 1940 | 2,212 | 14.4% | |
| 1950 | 2,193 | −0.9% | |
| 1960 | 2,129 | −2.9% | |
| 1970 | 2,027 | −4.8% | |
| 1980 | 2,114 | 4.3% | |
| 1990 | 2,311 | 9.3% | |
| 2000 | 2,376 | 2.8% | |
| 2010 | 2,341 | −1.5% | |
| 2020 | 2,372 | 1.3% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[15][4] | |||
As of the2020 census, Flandreau had a population of 2,372. The median age was 39.5 years. 27.3% of residents were under the age of 18 and 22.3% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 96.8 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 91.0 males age 18 and over.[16][17]
0.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 100.0% lived in rural areas.[18]
There were 951 households in Flandreau, of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 36.5% were married-couple households, 21.2% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 32.9% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 36.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 18.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[16]
There were 1,072 housing units, of which 11.3% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.9% and the rental vacancy rate was 15.0%.[16]
| Race | Number | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| White | 1,304 | 55.0% |
| Black or African American | 9 | 0.4% |
| American Indian and Alaska Native | 581 | 24.5% |
| Asian | 81 | 3.4% |
| Native Hawaiian andOther Pacific Islander | 0 | 0.0% |
| Some other race | 152 | 6.4% |
| Two or more races | 245 | 10.3% |
| Hispanic or Latino (of any race) | 248 | 10.5% |
As of thecensus[19] of 2010, there were 2,341 people, 973 households, and 583 families living in the city. Thepopulation density was 1,258.6 inhabitants per square mile (485.9/km2). There were 1,091 housing units at an average density of 586.6 per square mile (226.5/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 64.2%White, 0.5%African American, 27.7%Native American, 2.3%Asian, 1.5% fromother races, and 3.8% from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 3.5% of the population.
There were 973 households, of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.6% weremarried couples living together, 12.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.1% were non-families. 34.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 3.00.
The median age in the city was 38.4 years. 25.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.3% were from 25 to 44; 25.1% were from 45 to 64; and 18.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.3% male and 52.7% female.
As of thecensus[5] of 2000, there were 2,376 people, 986 households, and 605 families living in the city. The population density was 1,370.9 inhabitants per square mile (529.3/km2). There were 1,090 housing units at an average density of 628.9 per square mile (242.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 70.62%White, 0.46%African American, 24.92%Native American, 1.22%Asian, 0.08% fromother races, and 2.69% from two or more races.Hispanic orLatino of any race were 1.05% of the population.
There were 986 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% weremarried couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.6% were non-families. 34.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.96.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.4% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 20.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.1 males.
As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $31,090, and the median income for a family was $40,272. Males had a median income of $26,369 versus $19,738 for females. Theper capita income for the city was $15,895. About 9.8% of families and 12.2% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 18.2% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those age 65 or over.
The British established aHudson's Bay Company trading post in 1763 in this area. Present-day Flandreau developed near there, with people attracted to the community because of trading business.[20]
The town of Flandreau was originally settled in 1857, and named for U.S. Indian AgentCharles E. Flandrau. (In the early years, it was sometimes spelled as 'Flandrau'.)[21] Like other settlements in the region, it was abandoned within a year, as a result of threatening activities of theYankton Sioux during the Indian Wars. They were trying to expel European Americans from their territory.
In 1869, following the American Civil War, the area was resettled by twenty-five families ofChristianized Sioux from theSantee reservation. White settlement resumed in 1872. WhenMoody County was organized in 1873, Flandreau was designated as the county seat.
Richard F. Pettigrew ofSioux Falls, South Dakota, a relative of Pettigrew settlers in Flandreau, promoted establishing an Indian School at Flandreau as part of what was his successful 1889 campaign in the state legislature to be elected for the U.S. Senate. The federal government authorized a school here, and what was first known as the Riggs Institute was opened in 1892. The Bureau of Indian Affairs took over a former Presbyterian Church mission school for the facility.
It has been known as theFlandreau Indian School, an off-reservationIndian boarding school operated by theBureau of Indian Education (BIE) (an agency established in 2006).
TheFlandreau Indian Reservation of the Santee Sioux is in the area.
Flandreau School District 50-3 is the local public school district operated by the state.[22]
Flandreau Indian School is in the area.
Municipalities and communities ofMoody County, South Dakota,United States | ||
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