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Exclusive economic zone of the United States

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

TheUnited States has the world's second largestexclusive economic zone (EEZ) after France. The total size is 11,351,000 km2 (4,383,000 sq mi)2.[1] Areas of its EEZ are located in three oceans, theGulf of Mexico, and theCaribbean Sea. Most notable areas areAlaska,Hawaii, theEast Coast,West Coast andGulf Coast of the United States.

Geography

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Exclusive economic zone map

The EEZ borders withRussia to the north west,Canada to the north,Cuba,Bahamas,Mexico to the south,Dominican Republic,British Virgin Islands,Anguilla to the south east andSamoa,Niue to the south west. Theunincorporated territories ofGuam,Puerto Rico,U.S. Virgin Islands andNorthern Mariana Islands are included.

The EEZ (includingterritorial sea) areas of theterritories of the U.S. (in decreasing size)[2]
TerritoryEEZ area (km2)EEZ area (sq mi)Notes
Alaska3,770,0211,455,613A non-contiguous state in the northwest extremity of the North American continent.
HawaiiNorthwestern Islands1,579,538609,863IncludingMidway Atoll, these islands form the Leeward Islands of the Hawaiian island chain.
U.S. East Coast915,763353,578The mainland coastal states of theEastern United States.
HawaiiSoutheastern Islands895,346345,695These islands form the Windward Islands of the Hawaiian island chain.
U.S. West Coast825,549318,746The mainland coastal states of theWestern United States.
Northern Mariana Islands749,268289,294An organizedunincorporatedCommonwealth of the United States.
U.S. Gulf Coast707,832273,295The mainland coastal states of theSouthern United States.
Johnston Atoll442,635170,902ANational Wildlife Refuge in theU.S. Minor Outlying Islands.
Howland and Baker Islands434,921167,924IncludingHowland Island andBaker Island, both territories are National Wildlife Refuges in the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands.
Wake Island407,241157,237A National Wildlife Refuge in the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands.
American Samoa404,391156,136The only inhabitedunorganizedunincorporatedterritory of the United States.
Palmyra Atoll andKingman Reef352,300136,000Both territories are National Wildlife Refuges in the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands.
Jarvis Island316,665122,265A National Wildlife Refuge in the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands.
Guam221,50485,523An organizedunincorporatedterritory of the United States.
Puerto Rico177,68568,605An organizedunincorporatedCommonwealth of the United States.
U.S. Virgin Islands33,74413,029An organizedunincorporatedterritory of the United States.
Navassa IslandN/A[note 1]N/A[note 1]A National Wildlife Refuge in the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands.
Total11,351,0004,383,000

Disputes

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Active

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Canada

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A wedge-shaped section of theBeaufort Sea is disputed betweenCanada and the United States, because the area reportedly contains substantialoil reserves.[6]

Dominican Republic

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EEZs in theCaribbean Sea, with American zones shaded in blue

Since 2007, theDominican Republic inHispaniola considers itself anarchipelagic state, encroaching the long-established median orequidistance line dividing theEEZ of the Dominican Republic andPuerto Rico, and claiming portion of the EEZ claimed by theUnited States in relation to thearchipelago of Puerto Rico, which is itself anunincorporated U.S. territory.[7] The United States does not accept the archipelagic status and maritime boundaries claimed by the Dominican Republic.[8]Victor Prescott, an authority in the field ofmaritime boundaries, argued that, as the coasts of both states are short coastlines with few offshore islands, anequidistance line is appropriate.[9]

See also

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References

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  1. ^abThe source does not provide any data forNavassa Island[3][4] even though theU.S. government did claim an EEZ area for thisdisputed territory.[5]
  1. ^"UKNDA DISCUSSION PAPER"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2020-11-25. Retrieved2020-09-28.
  2. ^Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ)Archived 2 January 2014 at theWayback Machine. Seaaroundus.org. Retrieved 23 July 2013.
  3. ^EEZ area of Haiti
  4. ^EEZ area of Jamaica
  5. ^MARITIME CLAIMS – Navassa Island
  6. ^"Transnational Issues CIA World Fact Book". Cia.gov. Retrieved2012-01-10.
  7. ^"Sea Around Us | Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity".www.seaaroundus.org. Retrieved2024-10-04.
  8. ^"Limits in the Seas No. 130 Dominican Republic: Archipelagic and other Maritime Claims and Boundaries"(PDF).United States Department of State Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs. Retrieved14 January 2014.
  9. ^"ANALYSIS ON THE LEGITIMACY OF THE DECLARATION OF THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC AS AN ARCHIPELAGIC STATE AND ITS LEGALITY UNDER THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA (UNCLOS) AND THE INTERNATIONAL LAW"(PDF). DIVISION FOR OCEAN AFFAIRS AND THE LAW OF THE SEA, OFFICE OF LEGAL AFFAIRS, THE UNITED NATIONS, NEW YORK, 2018. 15 December 2018. Retrieved11 July 2024.
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