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| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name Ethyl nitrite | |||
| Other names 1-Nitrosooxyethane Ethyl alcohol nitrite Nitrous acid Nitrous ether Ethyl ester Nitrethyl | |||
| Identifiers | |||
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3D model (JSmol) | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.385 | ||
| UNII | |||
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| Properties | |||
| C2H5NO2 | |||
| Molar mass | 75.067 g·mol−1 | ||
| Boiling point | 17 °C (63 °F; 290 K) | ||
| 5.07 g/100 ml | |||
| Hazards | |||
| Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards | [1] | ||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in theirstandard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
Thechemical compoundethyl nitrite is analkyl nitrite with a chemical formula C2H5NO2. It may be prepared fromethanol.[2]
It is used as a reagent withbutanone to yield thedimethylglyoxime end product.
Ethyl nitrite is the main ingredient in a traditional ethanol-based South African remedy for colds and flu known asWitdulsies, which is sold in pharmacies. It is known as a traditional Afrikaans remedy; the same remedy is apparently made by theAmish in the US. However, FDA has blocked over-the-counter sales of this same remedy, known in the US assweet nitrite orsweet spirit of nitre, since 1980.[3] Its use has been associated with fatalmethemoglobinemia.[4]
Methemoglobinemia is the primary toxic effect of ethyl nitrite.[5] Due to ethyl nitrite's high volatility and faint smell, in the presence of ethyl nitrite vapors, it is easy to breathe a high dose of it without realizing, resulting in methemoglobinemia,[6]which may or may not be severe, or even fatal.
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