Eduard Strasburger | |
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| Born | 1 February 1844 |
| Died | 18 May 1912(1912-05-18) (aged 68) |
| Citizenship | Poland Germany |
| Alma mater | University of Warsaw University of Jena University of Bonn |
| Known for | Discovery ofmitosis |
| Spouse | Alexandra Julie |
| Children | 3 (includingJulius Strasburger) |
| Awards | Linnean Medal Darwin-Wallace Medal |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Botany |
| Author abbrev. (botany) | Strasb |
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Eduard Adolf Strasburger (1 February 1844 – 18 May 1912) was aPolish-German[1] professor and one of the most famousbotanists of the 19th century. He discoveredmitosis in plants.
Eduard Strasburger was born inWarsaw,Congress Poland, the son of Anna Karoline (von Schütz) and Eduard Gottlieb Strasburger (1803–1874).[2][3] In 1870, he married Alexandra Julia ("Alexandrine") Wertheim (1847–1902), they had two children: Anna (1870–1942) andJulius (1871–1934).[2]
Strasburger studiedbiological sciences inParis,Bonn andJena, receiving a PhD in 1866 after working withNathanael Pringsheim. In 1868 he taught at theUniversity of Warsaw. In 1869 he was appointed professor ofbotany at theUniversity of Jena. From 1881 he was head of theBotanisches Institut at theUniversity of Bonn.
Strasburger died inBonn,Germany.
Strasburge was a founder of the famousLehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen (Textbook of Botany), which first appeared in 1894. He was the first to provide an accurate description of the embryonic sac ingymnosperms (such asconifers) andangiosperms (flowering plants), along with demonstrating double-fertilization in angiosperms. He came up with one of the modern laws of plantcytology: "New cell nuclei can only arise from the division of other nuclei." and originated the termscytoplasm andnucleoplasm.
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Together withWalther Flemming andEdouard van Beneden, he elucidated chromosome distribution during cell division. His work on the upward movement oftree sap proved that the process was physical and not physiological.[clarification needed]
In 1886 Strasburger was elected an honorary member of theManchester Literary and Philosophical Society.[4] He was awarded theLinnean Medal in 1905, as well as theLinnean Society of London's even more prestigiousDarwin-Wallace Medal in 1908, awarded only once every 50 years.
Strasburger was married to the pianist Alexandra Julie ("Alexandrine") Wertheim (1847–1902, daughter of the banker and councillor Julius Wertheim 1817–1901 from Warsaw, half sister ofCarl Tausig) and aunt of the pianistJuliusz Wertheim(1880−1928); they had three children (the third died early).[3] His son was the internistJulius Strasburger, a grandson was the ancient historianHermann Strasburger.[3]
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