| Durianella | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Collected inMalaysia | |
Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Boletales |
| Family: | Boletaceae |
| Genus: | Durianella A.W.Wilson & Manfr.Binder (2008) |
| Species: | D. echinulata |
| Binomial name | |
| Durianella echinulata (Corner & Hawker) Desjardin, A.W.Wilson & Manfr.Binder | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Durianella is agenus of atypical, superficially puffball-likebolete.[3] It contains the single speciesDurianella echinulata, found inPeninsular Malaysia andBorneo.[4]
The fungus was originally collected in a jungle inKemaman,Trengganu (Malaysia), on 24 June 1932, where it was found growing on soil buried in leaves at a river's edge. It wasdescribed asHydnangium echinulatum byE.J.H. Corner and Lilian Hawker in 1953, although they noted that no other known species ofHydnangium had a spinyperidium.[5] The species was known only from a single specimen until recollected in 2005 and 2006.Genetic analysis suggested it was a member of theBoletales suborderBoletineae, and not related to the genusHydnangium of theAgaricales. The blue-staining suggested a relationship withGyroporus, while the structure of the fruit bodies suggested an affinity withPisolithus.[4]
The genus nameDurianella refers to the fruit bodies' resemblance to a smalldurian.[4]
The fungus's fruit bodies are irregular and globular, measuring 1.7–3.5 cm (0.67–1.38 in) wide and 1.2–2.3 cm (0.47–0.91 in) high, and are covered in 1 mm-high tan conical warts. Under the surface is a white 1–2 mm thickperidium which turns dark blue when cut – the superficial 0.5–1 mm doing so immediately, while the remainder takes 1–2 minutes to do so.[4] The gelatinousgleba is in globules throughout the interior and also stains blue when cut. It is white when young and becomes tinted with orange with age. The white fibrous tissue surrounding the gleba lobules also turns blue on cutting. The fruit body has a well-developed columnella (a sterile column of tissue extending from the base of the gleba into the fruit body). It is egg-shaped, gelatinous, measuring 5–15 mm thick by 5–10 mm long. When injured, it stains grayish blue in 1–2 minutes. On the exterior of the fruit body, it is attached to the soil by orangerhizomorphs.[4]
Thespores are spherical or nearly so, and have a thick wall measuring 0.5–1.5 μm. The spore surface is covered with narrow spines up to 3 μm long; spore dimensions are 9–10 by 8.5–10 um (without spines) or 12–15 by 11.5–13.5 μm (with spines). Thebasidia (spore-bearing cells) are club-shaped, measuring 24–32 by 9–11.5 μm, and have two or foursterigmata up to 13 μm long.Clamp connections are absent from thehyphae.[4]
Durianella echinulata is found underdipterocarp trees of the genusShorea in Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo. It fruits on the ground singly, scattered, or in small clusters.[4]
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