Dr Williams's Library was a small Englishresearch library located inGordon Square,Bloomsbury, London. The collection has now been relocated to Manchester. Historically, it had a strong focus on theEnglish Dissenters. The library has also been known asUniversity Hall.
Daniel Williams (c. 1643 – 1716) was a minister and theologian within the Presbyterian tradition. He left almost his whole estate of £50,000 to charity.[1] He left his books (7,600 volumes) and money to establish a library.
The library was founded as a theological library, intended for the use of ministers of religion, students and others studying theology, religion andecclesiastical history. In addition to its theological holdings, it contains collections of philosophy, history, literature, and other donated collections. The library is known to researchers of history and genealogy for its holdings of pre-19th-century material relating toProtestant nonconformity in England.[2] The library opened in 1729 at Red Cross Street with its original benefaction of around 7,600 books from Williams.[3] Its site moved frequently, until the acquisition of University Hall in Gordon Square,[4] in 1890.
It has always had close ties with theUnitarians and several of its first directors were ministers associated withNewington Green Unitarian Church.[5] After aV-1 flying bomb destroyedEssex Hall, the headquarters of theGeneral Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches, the Library offered a few spare rooms to displaced workers. They stayed for 14 years, until 1958.[6]
In addition to its theological holdings, the library contains collections of philosophy, history, literature, and related subjects. There is also a large collection of works onByzantine history and culture bequeathed byNorman H. Baynes (1877–1961). In 1976, it acquired the library ofNew College London, which until then had trainedCongregationalist ministers.
The library is known to researchers of history and genealogy for its holdings of pre-19th century material relating toProtestant nonconformity in England, including papers by Dissenting ministerJoshua Toulmin. It holds the manuscript of a 17th-century diary written byRoger Morrice (1628–1702), anEnglishPuritan minister and political journalist; it covers the years 1677 to 1691, and in 2007 the Boydell Press published a six volume edition ofRoger Morrice's Entring Book. The library also has many manuscripts ofPhilip Doddridge (1702–1751), a Nonconformist leader, educator, and hymnwriter, including letters between Doddridge and his wife, his wife's diary and some of his artifacts. Among the other Nonconformist texts in its collection are a variety of editions ofUnitarian revisions of theBook of Common Prayer.[7]
On 13 July 2006 the library offered for sale atSotheby's its copy of Shakespeare'sFirst Folio. The book sold for ahammer price of £2.8 million.[8] The library's director, David Wykes, commented:[9]
The library has been proud to own this remarkable copy of Shakespeare's First Folio, but its sale will secure the finances of the library and safeguard our important historic collections of manuscripts and printed books for future generations.
Amongst its aims was that, for a small fee, it kept a central registry of births mainly (but not solely) within non-conformist families, to avoid the necessity of having to have a child baptised in the Anglican church. It had variable success; up to 49,000 births were registered there until after a few months of theGeneral Register Office for England and Wales starting up in 1837, following the Births and Deaths Registration Act the previous year. These registers are now atThe National Archives under class RG5 and indexed in RG4.[10]
Dr Williams’s Library closed in 2025 and transferred its contents to theJohn Rylands Research Institute and Library at the University of Manchester. The new partnership brings together inarguably the two finest collections of non-conformist religious social history in the world and situates them in Manchester, itself a renowned city of dissent and innovation.[citation needed]
51°31′26″N0°07′53″W / 51.5240°N 0.1315°W /51.5240; -0.1315
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |