| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 7,911[citation needed] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Russia | 7,885[1] |
| Languages | |
| Dolgan,Russian | |
| Religion | |
| Russian Orthodoxy,Shamanism | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Yakuts andEvenks | |
Dolgans (Russian:Долганы;Dolgan:долган, дулҕан, Һака,romanized: dolgan, dulğan, haka (Sakha);Yakut:тыа-киһи,romanized: tıa-kihi) are a TurkicizedTungusic ethnic group who mostly inhabitKrasnoyarsk Krai,Russia. They are descended from several groups, particularlyEvenks,[2] one of theIndigenous peoples of the Russian North. Dolgans are the most closely related to theEvenks. They adopted aTurkic language sometime in the early 19th century.[2] The2010 Census counted 7,885 Dolgans. This number includes 5,517 inTaymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District.
Dolgan speak theDolgan language,[3] which is closely related to theYakut language.[2]
In the 17th century, the Dolgans lived in the basins of theOlenyok River andLena River. They moved to their current location,Taymyr, in the 18th century.[4] The Dolgan identity began to emerge during the 19th and early 20th centuries, under the influence of three groups who migrated to the Krasnoyarsk area from the Lena River and Olenyok River region:Evenks,Yakuts,Enets, and so-called tundra peasants (зату́ндренные крестья́не,zatúndrennye krest’jáne).
Originally, the Dolgans werenomadic hunters andreindeer herders. However, they were prevented from following a nomadic lifestyle during theSoviet era and required to formkolkhozy (ruralcollectives) that – in addition to their traditional activities – engaged in reindeer breeding,fishing,dairy farming andmarket gardening. In 1983, the anthropologistShirin Akiner claimed: "Dolgans enjoy full Soviet citizenship. They are found in all occupations, though the majority are peasants and collective farm workers. Their standard of housing is comparable to that of other national groups in the Soviet Union."[4]
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Most Dolgans practice oldshamanistic beliefs; however, most are influenced byEastern Orthodox Christianity.
Cultural area ofChristian traditions that developed sinceEarly Christianity in theMiddle East,Eastern Europe,North andEast Africa,Asia Minor,South India, and parts of theFar East. | ||||||||
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