Crawford County, Illinois | |
|---|---|
 Crawford County Courthouse in Robinson | |
 Location within the U.S. state ofIllinois | |
| Coordinates:39°00′N87°46′W / 39°N 87.76°W /39; -87.76 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Illinois |
| Founded | 1816 |
| Named after | William H. Crawford |
| Seat | Robinson |
| Largest city | Robinson |
| Area | |
• Total | 446 sq mi (1,160 km2) |
| • Land | 444 sq mi (1,150 km2) |
| • Water | 2.2 sq mi (5.7 km2) 0.5% |
| Population (2020) | |
• Total | 18,679 |
• Estimate (2024) | 18,388 [1] |
| • Density | 41.4/sq mi (16.0/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (Central) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
| Congressional district | 12th |
| Website | crawfordcountyil |
Crawford County is acounty located in theU.S. state ofIllinois. As of the2020 census, the population was 18,679.[2] Itscounty seat isRobinson.[3]
Crawford County was formed in theIllinois Territory on December 31, 1816, out ofEdwards County. At the time of its formation, it encompassed about one third of the territory, but it was reduced to its present borders by 1831 as it spawned new counties. It was named in honor ofWilliam H. Crawford,[4] fromGeorgia, who was serving asSecretary of War andSecretary of the Treasury at the time. Crawford County was home to several battles between the settlers and Indians, and also the location of the only woman ever hanged in Illinois.
In 1818, the town of Palestine was designated as the county seat. After elections in 1843, a new site was chosen, which would become the town ofRobinson.[5]
According to theU.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 446 square miles (1,160 km2), of which 444 square miles (1,150 km2) is land and 2.2 square miles (5.7 km2) (0.5%) is water.[6] Some of the county's eastern border is defined by theWabash River.
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In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Robinson have ranged from a low of 21 °F (−6 °C) in January to a high of 89 °F (32 °C) in July, although a record low of −23 °F (−31 °C) was recorded in December 1989 and a record high of 114 °F (46 °C) was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.45 inches (62 mm) in January to 4.67 inches (119 mm) in May.[7]
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1820 | 3,022 | — | |
| 1830 | 3,117 | 3.1% | |
| 1840 | 4,422 | 41.9% | |
| 1850 | 7,135 | 61.4% | |
| 1860 | 11,551 | 61.9% | |
| 1870 | 13,889 | 20.2% | |
| 1880 | 16,197 | 16.6% | |
| 1890 | 17,283 | 6.7% | |
| 1900 | 19,240 | 11.3% | |
| 1910 | 26,281 | 36.6% | |
| 1920 | 22,771 | −13.4% | |
| 1930 | 21,085 | −7.4% | |
| 1940 | 21,294 | 1.0% | |
| 1950 | 21,137 | −0.7% | |
| 1960 | 20,751 | −1.8% | |
| 1970 | 19,824 | −4.5% | |
| 1980 | 20,818 | 5.0% | |
| 1990 | 19,464 | −6.5% | |
| 2000 | 20,452 | 5.1% | |
| 2010 | 19,817 | −3.1% | |
| 2020 | 18,679 | −5.7% | |
| 2024 (est.) | 18,388 | −1.6% | |
| U.S. Decennial Census[8] 1790-1960[9] 1900-1990[10] 1990-2000[11] 2010-2020[12][13] | |||
As of the2020 census, the county had a population of 18,679. The median age was 43.1 years. 20.3% of residents were under the age of 18 and 21.0% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 109.9 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 110.5 males age 18 and over.[14][15]
The racial makeup of the county was 91.2%White, 3.3%Black or African American, 0.2%American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.5%Asian, <0.1%Native Hawaiian andPacific Islander, 1.4% from some other race, and 3.4% fromtwo or more races.Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 2.4% of the population.[15]
32.8% of residents lived in urban areas, while 67.2% lived in rural areas.[16]
There were 7,471 households in the county, of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 50.8% were married-couple households, 18.4% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 23.9% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[14]
There were 8,471 housing units, of which 11.8% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 79.9% were owner-occupied and 20.1% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.8% and the rental vacancy rate was 13.5%.[14]
| Race / Ethnicity(NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 1980[17] | Pop 1990[18] | Pop 2000[19] | Pop 2010[20] | Pop 2020[21] | % 1980 | % 1990 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White alone (NH) | 20,610 | 19,235 | 18,925 | 18,216 | 16,941 | 99.00% | 98.82% | 92.53% | 91.92% | 90.70% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 32 | 62 | 920 | 923 | 608 | 0.15% | 0.32% | 4.50% | 4.66% | 3.25% |
| Native American orAlaska Native alone (NH) | 27 | 34 | 51 | 42 | 36 | 0.13% | 0.17% | 0.25% | 0.21% | 0.19% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 49 | 47 | 70 | 100 | 76 | 0.24% | 0.24% | 0.34% | 0.50% | 0.41% |
| Native Hawaiian orPacific Islander alone (NH) | x[22] | x[23] | 2 | 7 | 2 | x | x | 0.01% | 0.04% | 0.01% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 23 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 29 | 0.11% | 0.03% | 0.02% | 0.04% | 0.16% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | x[24] | x[25] | 128 | 160 | 540 | x | x | 0.63% | 0.81% | 2.89% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 77 | 80 | 351 | 362 | 447 | 0.37% | 0.41% | 1.72% | 1.83% | 2.39% |
| Total | 20,818 | 19,464 | 20,452 | 19,817 | 18,679 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the2010 United States census, there were 19,817 people, 7,763 households, and 5,154 families living in the county.[26] The population density was 44.7 inhabitants per square mile (17.3/km2). There were 8,661 housing units at an average density of 19.5 per square mile (7.5/km2).[6] The racial makeup of the county was 92.8% white, 4.7% black or African American, 0.5% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.8% from other races, and 0.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.8% of the population.[26] In terms of ancestry, 25.0% wereGerman, 14.4% wereAmerican, 12.4% wereIrish, and 9.9% wereEnglish.[27]
Of the 7,763 households, 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.6% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.6% were non-families, and 29.1% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.88. The median age was 41.7 years.[26]
The median income for a household in the county was $41,434 and the median income for a family was $51,218. Males had a median income of $40,050 versus $30,870 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,545. About 11.1% of families and 16.9% of the population were below thepoverty line, including 27.0% of those under age 18 and 8.2% of those age 65 or over.[28]
Crawford County is divided into tentownships:
Although Crawford County was solidly Democratic before thePopulist-backed candidacy ofWilliam Jennings Bryan in 1896, it has since become strongly Republican. The last Democrat to gain a majority in the county wasLyndon Johnson in his 1964 landslide, althoughBill Clinton won a plurality in 1992. Like all the ruralUpland South, Crawford County has shown dramatic swings against the Democratic Party in recent elections, withHillary Clinton’s 22.8 percent in 2016 the worst performance ever by a Democrat.
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party(ies) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
| 1892 | 1,790 | 45.44% | 1,875 | 47.60% | 274 | 6.96% |
| 1896 | 2,172 | 47.66% | 2,342 | 51.39% | 43 | 0.94% |
| 1900 | 2,301 | 49.11% | 2,299 | 49.07% | 85 | 1.81% |
| 1904 | 2,296 | 51.85% | 1,850 | 41.78% | 282 | 6.37% |
| 1908 | 3,090 | 49.42% | 2,890 | 46.23% | 272 | 4.35% |
| 1912 | 1,266 | 22.30% | 2,691 | 47.41% | 1,719 | 30.29% |
| 1916 | 5,084 | 46.28% | 5,570 | 50.71% | 331 | 3.01% |
| 1920 | 5,188 | 55.02% | 4,092 | 43.39% | 150 | 1.59% |
| 1924 | 4,830 | 51.25% | 4,223 | 44.81% | 372 | 3.95% |
| 1928 | 5,989 | 62.90% | 3,495 | 36.70% | 38 | 0.40% |
| 1932 | 4,550 | 42.13% | 6,081 | 56.31% | 169 | 1.56% |
| 1936 | 5,823 | 48.13% | 6,164 | 50.95% | 112 | 0.93% |
| 1940 | 7,036 | 54.95% | 5,703 | 44.54% | 66 | 0.52% |
| 1944 | 6,056 | 57.04% | 4,482 | 42.22% | 79 | 0.74% |
| 1948 | 5,111 | 54.58% | 4,150 | 44.32% | 103 | 1.10% |
| 1952 | 6,768 | 63.11% | 3,947 | 36.81% | 9 | 0.08% |
| 1956 | 6,747 | 63.28% | 3,906 | 36.63% | 9 | 0.08% |
| 1960 | 6,809 | 61.58% | 4,245 | 38.39% | 4 | 0.04% |
| 1964 | 4,834 | 46.22% | 5,624 | 53.78% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1968 | 5,870 | 58.13% | 3,383 | 33.50% | 845 | 8.37% |
| 1972 | 6,568 | 65.32% | 3,477 | 34.58% | 10 | 0.10% |
| 1976 | 5,522 | 51.99% | 5,007 | 47.14% | 93 | 0.88% |
| 1980 | 5,894 | 60.70% | 3,372 | 34.73% | 444 | 4.57% |
| 1984 | 6,261 | 66.44% | 3,130 | 33.21% | 33 | 0.35% |
| 1988 | 4,951 | 57.76% | 3,555 | 41.48% | 65 | 0.76% |
| 1992 | 3,606 | 37.29% | 3,964 | 40.99% | 2,101 | 21.72% |
| 1996 | 3,965 | 45.61% | 3,627 | 41.72% | 1,101 | 12.67% |
| 2000 | 4,974 | 58.52% | 3,333 | 39.21% | 193 | 2.27% |
| 2004 | 6,083 | 65.18% | 3,194 | 34.23% | 55 | 0.59% |
| 2008 | 5,070 | 55.39% | 3,883 | 42.42% | 200 | 2.19% |
| 2012 | 5,585 | 64.69% | 2,858 | 33.11% | 190 | 2.20% |
| 2016 | 6,277 | 71.83% | 1,992 | 22.79% | 470 | 5.38% |
| 2020 | 7,043 | 74.60% | 2,202 | 23.32% | 196 | 2.08% |
| 2024 | 6,727 | 75.13% | 2,048 | 22.87% | 179 | 2.00% |
Places adjacent to Crawford County, Illinois | ||||||||||||||||
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Municipalities and communities ofCrawford County, Illinois,United States | ||
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| Other unincorporated communities | ||
| Ghost town | ||
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties | |
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