Chen Chih-hsiung | |||||||||||||||
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| Born | (1916-02-18)18 February 1916 | ||||||||||||||
| Died | 28 May 1963(1963-05-28) (aged 47) Taipei, Taiwan | ||||||||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 陳智雄 | ||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 陈智雄 | ||||||||||||||
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Chen Chih-hsiung (Chinese:陳智雄;Pe̍h-ōe-jī:Tân Tì-hiông; 18 February 1916 – 28 May 1963)[1] was aTaiwanese independence activist.
Chen was born in what was known asAkō Chō, a division ofJapanese Taiwan, in 1916. He studied Dutch at theTokyo University of Foreign Languages, and was also fluent in English, Japanese, Malay,Taiwanese and Mandarin. He was sent by the Japanese government to the Dutch East Indies in 1942, shortly after Japan had begun itsoccupation of the territory, to serve as a translator. Chen stayed inIndonesia after the end ofWorld War II and found work designing jewelry.[2][3] He sided withSukarno in the subsequentIndonesian National Revolution and was imprisoned by the Dutch for a year. After the revolution, Sukarno named Chen an honorary citizen of Indonesia.[4] Chen later joinedThomas Liao's Formosa Democratic Independence Party and helped secure Liao a trip to theBandung Conference held in 1955. The next year, Liao appointed Chen the ambassador to Southeast Asia upon the formation of the Japan-basedRepublic of Taiwan Provisional Government [zh]. The Indonesian government eventually arrested Chen and rescinded his passport before deporting him. Chen then traveled to Switzerland and was granted citizenship there before moving to Japan to see Liao. TheKuomintang forced Chen's return to Taiwan[5][6] and asked him to cease his pro-independence advocacy. Despite the Kuomintang authorities' request, Chen founded another pro-independence organization in 1961. TheTaiwan Garrison Command arrested Chen for his actions the next year and imprisoned him in a facility on Qingdao Road in Taipei. In 1963, Chen became the first independence activist to be executed in Taiwan.[3][7]
Chen was survived by his wife Chen Ying-niang, whom he met in Indonesia, and three children.[5][2]
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