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| Country | Italy |
|---|---|
| Broadcast area | Italy Vatican City San Marino |
| Headquarters | Milan,Italy |
| Programming | |
| Language | Italian |
| Picture format | 1080iHDTV |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Mediaset (MFE - MediaForEurope) |
| Sister channels | Rete 4 Italia 1 20 Iris 27 Twentyseven La5 Cine34 Focus Top Crime Boing Boing Plus Cartoonito Italia 2 TGcom24 Mediaset Extra |
| History | |
| Launched | 11 November 1980 (1980-11-11) |
| Former names | TeleMilano 58 (1978–1980) |
| Links | |
| Website | Canale 5 |
| Availability | |
| Terrestrial | |
| Digital terrestrial television | Channel 5 (HD) |
| Streaming media | |
| Mediaset Infinity | Canale 5 |
Canale 5 (Italian:[kaˈnaːleˈtʃiŋkwe]) is an Italianfree-to-air television channel owned byMediaset. In 1980, it became the first private television network to achieve national coverage in Italy. The channel is aimed mainly at an adult audience and its programming is geared towards entertainment, including movies andTV series.
In 1974,Giacomo Properzj andAlceo Moretti founded the private cable television stationTelemilanocavo in asuburb ofMilan. It begancable transmission on 24 September, following a verdict of theConstitutional Court of Italy in July of that year[citation needed], which liberalised regulations pertaining to this type of television broadcasting. Approximately 5,000 households were connected to the cable system, which corresponded to about 20,000 viewers.
In 1976, the Constitutional Court further liberalised broadcasting regulations, allowing forterrestrial broadcasting. The competition from the new terrestrial channels led to a fall in revenues forTelemilanocavo, causing the owners to sell the station in 1976 for the symbolic price of onelira to a company belonging to theBerlusconi group.[1]
The new owners moved the studios to thePalazzo dei Cigni and changed the channel name toTelemilano 58. 58 was theUHF frequency that the channel was broadcast over. It was previously used byTVI Television International of Milan, which Berlusconi had purchased.[citation needed] Further investments in technology were made with the help ofAdriano Galliani, an entrepreneur who specialised in television equipment. The 1979-1980 season led to the popularity of the station, with programmes hosted by well-known presenters likeMike Bongiorno,Claudio Lippi,Claudio Cecchetto andI Gatti di Vicolo Miracoli, among others.[citation needed]
On 23 February 1979, the trademarkCanale 5 was registered in Milan. A few months later, on 12 November, the trademarkCanale 5 Music S.r.l was also registered in the same city. The name was chosen by Berlusconi and Galliani "as a matter ofeuphony," as well as due to the broadcaster's national aspirations, which did not jibe with the fact of having "Milan" in the name. During this time, Berlusconi had acquired several local private broadcasters scattered throughout Italy, including theFiat Group'sTele Torino International.[citation needed]
In January 1980, with a view to creating a national network, Berlusconi reached an agreement with 25 private broadcasters across the country, including those not owned by him, to broadcast the same programmes in the same time slots. The experiment officially began with the game showI sogni nel cassetto (Dreams in the Drawer), hosted by Mike Bongiorno and produced by Reteitalia. This show, together with other Reteitalia productions, achieved a significant viewership thanks to the "pizzone" technique which allowed Reteitalia's shows to be broadcast nationwide.[2] The technique consisted of recording the programmes onvideocassettes, with the advertising already inserted, and distributing them via courier (daily or weekly depending on the programme) from the operations centre in Milan to the consortium of local private broadcasters distributed across the whole national territory.[3] Thus began Canale 5's activities as an extra-regional broadcaster throughout northern Italy.
In the region ofLombardy, where the operations centre was located, programming ran throughout the day, while in other regions, it could only be broadcast in the late morning or in the evening due to the nature of the distribution of tapes. In central-southern Italy, meanwhile, Canale 5 initially went by the name Canale 10.[4][5] However, on 11 November 1980, Canale 10 was officially replaced by Canale 5.[6] The opening and closing theme of the programmes began with the songRondò Veneziano byGian Piero Reverberi, chosen by Berlusconi under the advice ofBaby Records.
The first major sporting event broadcast by Canale 5 was the1980 World Champions' Gold Cup, afootball tournament inUruguay which ran from 30 December 1980 to 10 January 1981. Reteitalia had initially secured the European television rights for the tournament, but they ultimately decided to sell them toRAI. In exchange for the sale, Reteitalia was allowed to broadcast the tournament, with a few exceptions for national matches and the final match. The matches were broadcast live in Lombardy and at a delay in the rest of the country, reaching 8 million viewers.
In 1981, Canale 5 obtained legal recognition as a unitary circuit that broadcast over the following stations:[a]
In 1981,Hello Goggi, the firstvariety show produced by Fininvest, aired. The show was presented byLoretta Goggi, who was the first RAI personality to leave public TV to join Canale 5. However, the programme did not reach its anticipated ratings due to the network's inexperience in the production of variety shows and the lack of live coverage, then reserved for public and local broadcasters.
With the advent of the morning showBuongiorno Italia, presented byMarco Columbro and Antonella Vianini, Canale 5's scheduling was extended to the morning; previously, morning broadcasts had been restricted to Lombardy. In the evening, meanwhile, Canale 5 started broadcasting a news programme calledSpeciale Canale 5 - News, though it was not live. Also in 1981, Canale 5 bought the rights to broadcast the American soap operaDallas, which, in the following years, was the subject of an "audience war" against rival showDynasty, airing on their competitor network,Rete 4. In the early 1980s, Canale 5 also started usingblock programming, airing shows such asPomeriggio Con Five andOkay, which featured a variety ofcartoons from the United States, Europe and Japan. The afternoon schedule was filled with American series and soap operas, while quiz shows and game shows, such asEncore, hosted by Mike Bongiorno, ran in the morning. In addition, the network had 6,000 hours' worth of cinema in its warehouse.
Between 1980 and 1981, advertising revenues increased from 13 to 75 billionlire. From 1981 to 1983, it increased further to 110 billion, representing about 20% of the total share.
Between September and December 1981, the average daily audience was 1,400,000, equal to about 10% of the total audience. In 1983, the percentage rose to 13%.
In 1982, in the footsteps of Loretta Goggi and Mike Bongiorno, many other Italian television personalities from RAI signed a contract with Canale 5. Among them wereCorrado Mantoni, who presented the new morning quiz showIl Pranzo è Servito, and the coupleSandra Mondaini andRaimondo Vianello, who presented the variety showAttenti a noi due.
In 1982, theSpeciale Canale 5 - News segment changed its name toCanale 5 News and began to broadcast in the late evening. In 1983, the evening television audience amounted to over 8 million, equal to almost 30% of the total; in 1984, according to the ISTEL survey, it exceeded 9 million, equal to 33%. Among the successes of the period were the television seriesDallas and miniseriesThe Thorn Birds, both attracting 15 million viewers each.
In 1982, Fininvest boughtItalia 1 fromEdilio Rusconi. Later, in 1984, it also took over former competitorRete 4. Following this acquisition, some programmes first seen on Rete 4 moved to Canale 5, such asThe Maurizio Costanzo Show, which would go on to be broadcast for over twenty years, andNonsolomoda.
In October 1984, the National Independent Radio Association filed a complaint against Fininvest, claiming that it had violated the RAI monopoly law. As a result, the group's three networks, including Canale 5, were shut down in theLazio,Abruzzo andPiedmont regions. However, theCraxi government intervened, issuing a decree later known as theBerlusconi Decree, which repealed the RAI monopoly law. In December 1984, following the blackout, new information-based programmes hosted byArrigo Levi, Guglielmo Zucconi,Giorgio Bocca andPeter Nichols debuted.
In 1985, the two longest-running programmes on the Mediaset network,Buona Domenica andForum, started airing.
On 14 January 1987, Canale 5 achieved a historic record, with the prime-time premiere of the filmThe Woman in Red reaching nearly 13 million viewers, or about 48% of the total audience share.
Following theMammì law [it] of 1990, Canale 5 and other private national networks obtained permission to broadcast live. The first live broadcasts on the network wereCos'è cos'è, directed byJocelyn Hattab,Non è la Rai, directed by Gianni Boncompagni andBuona Domenica. Overall, however, Canale 5's programming in the 1990s was similar to that of the previous decade.
Some programmes that aired on Italia 1 were promoted on Canale 5, such asPaperissima - Errori In TV andScherzi A Parte. However, during this period, much of Canale 5's schedule was self-produced, includingOre 12,Stranamore,Beato Tra Le Donne andTira & Molla.
There was no shortage of programmes for children and teenagers on Canale 5, such asBim Bum Bam, broadcast from 1991 to 1997, which featured animated shows from the U.S. and Japan. In the 1993-94 season,A Tutto Disney replacedBim Bum Bam on Saturday afternoons, offering classic Disney cartoons interspersed with segments and games presented byIrene Ferri andRiccardo Rossi. However, the programme was not very successful, and was eventually cancelled and replaced byBim Bum Bam. Live-action children's TV series were also broadcast.
In April 1996, Fininvest's various television activities were consolidated under the Mediaset brand.[7]
In 2000,reality shows came to Italy withGrande Fratello, which proved a huge success, with its final episode reaching 16 million viewers, thanks in part to the show's numerous controversies.
Many programmes destined for a long life on the channel first aired during the 2000s, includingC'è Posta Per Te presented byMaria De Filippi andChi vuol essere milionario? (English:Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?), presented byGerry Scotti.Striscia la notizia, a satirical news program, was also highly lucrative, resulting in the program being repeatedly renewed. Other hits of the period includeStranamore andLa Corrida.
On 22 May 2001, Canale 5 updated its logo. This new logo appeared for the first time at the end of an episode ofStriscia la notizia. On the same day, the American seriesThe Sopranos premiered in Italy exclusively on Canale 5.
All the network's flagship programmes from previous years were renewed in the 2010s with no change in hosts. In addition, the late evening showChiambretti Night, hosted byPiero Chiambretti, was moved from Italia 1 to Canale 5.
On 19 September 2012, Canale 5 aired the first match of theUEFA Champions League inHD, using Mediaset's HD channel, which was used generally by Italia 1. Three months later, on 5 December 2012, Canale 5 got its own HD channel,Canale 5 HD.
On 16 April 2018, the channel's logo and branding were updated ahead of the2018 FIFA World Cup, which was broadcast on the Mediaset networks.
Canale 5 secured the exclusive rights to broadcast theCoppa Italia from 2021 to 2027, starting from the round of 16. They also secured the exclusive rights to broadcast theSupercoppa Italiana from 2021 to 2026.
Since 2003, the channel has beenfree-to-air overdigital terrestrial signals.
In the early 2000s, anyone with aset-top box orMultimedia Home Platform could accessCanale 5 Plus, which offeredinteractive features transmitted through the broadcaster's signal.
During the airing of the movieRemember Me, My Love on 12 May 2009, Canale 5 broadcast in16:9 format for the first time. However, programmes were still transmitted in 4:3, usingletterboxing, on analog terrestial television andsatellite television until 18 July 2012.
Since 1 October 2009, access to Canale 5 over satellite has been encrypted viaMediaguard 2.
Canale 5, being the flagship channel ofMediaset, has long broadcast a diverse selection of content, including major events such asfilm festivals and holiday celebrations, as well as news, entertainment, children's shows, and more.
In addition, theCatholic Holy Mass is broadcast every Sunday at 10 am.
Canale 5's background music from 1980 to 1993 was composed byAugusto Martelli. From 1993 to 2005, it was composed by Alessandro Radici. The latter tune was released for digital download by Mediaset.
Canale 5 has had severalcontinuity announcers over its history. The first such announcer wasEleonora Brigliadori, who was active from September 1980 to May 1984. She was replaced byFiorella Pierobon, who would go on to be Canale 5's longest-serving announcer, occupying this role for 19 years, from May 1984 to June 2003. Pierobon, in turn, was replaced by Lisa Gritti, who presented from September 2003 to December 2005.
Other announcers on Canale 5 have includedBarbara D'Urso (back when Canale 5 was still Telemilano 58), Fabrizia Carminati,Alba Parietti,Paola Perego, Susanna Messaggio, Michela Rocco di Torrepadula and Daniela Castelli.
The current logo of the network is a number 5 overlapped by the stylized head ofBiscione (a reference to theVisconti family and the city ofMilan), from whose mouth, unlike the original, emerges a flower. There is also a second interpretation, according to which the queue of theBiscione is placed at five (even if the 5 is written with a typographical font).
| Name | Period |
|---|---|
| Giorgio Gori | 10 June 1991 – 11 May 1997 |
| Gianpaolo Sodano | 12 May 1997 – 28 October 1997 |
| Maurizio Costanzo | 29 October 1997 – 3 November 1999 |
| Giorgio Gori | 4 November 1999 – 29 April 2001 |
| Giovanni Modina | 30 April 2001 – 15 October 2006 |
| Massimo Donelli | 16 October 2006 – 31 December 2012 |
| Giancarlo Scheri | since 1 January 2013 |
| Year | January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December | Average per year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 16.73% | 16.62% | 17.00% | 16.78% | 15.62% | 12.86% | 11.80% | 11.03% | 15.50% | 15.93% | 15.96% | 14.85% | 15.05% |
| 2013 | 16.00% | 15.69% | 15.62% | 14.76% | 14.18% | 13.39% | 12.66% | 11.88% | 15.35% | 16.34% | 16.20% | 15.14% | 14.76% |
| 2014 | 15.22% | 16.07% | 17.32% | 15.55% | 16.18% | 13.20% | 12.28% | 11.69% | 14.58% | 16.69% | 17.32% | 15.15% | 15.10% |
| 2015 | 16.10% | 16.48% | 17.46% | 16.21% | 16.53% | 14.75% | 13.59% | 12.04% | 14.92% | 15.65% | 15.56% | 13.97% | 15.27% |
| 2016 | 15.56% | 15.52% | 16.60% | 17.19% | 17.06% | 13.85% | 13.71% | 11.90% | 15.48% | 16.80% | 16.89% | 15.25% | 15.48% |
| 2017 | 16.04% | 16.06% | 16.73% | 16.48% | 16.63% | 14.46% | 13.60% | 11.73% | 14.64% | 16.87% | 17.10% | 15.20% | 15.60% |
| 2018 | 16.32% | 16.21% | 16.92% | 16.63% | 16.25% | 13.53% | 15.46% | 11.07% | 13.88% | 16.16% | 17.06% | 14.81% | 15.47% |
| 2019 | 15.52% | 15.93% | 17.04% | 16.21% | 16.71% | 14.80% | 13.78% | 12.00% | 14.63% | 16.04% | 16.03% | 14.86% | 15.42% |
| 2020 | 15.77% | 15.82% | 14.19% | 14.20% | 12.12% | 14.07% | 13.50% | 12.22% | 13.13% | 16.39% | 16.26% | 14.54% | 14.89% |
| 2021 | 15.42% | 16.01% | 16.18% | 16.54% | 15.99% | 13.01% | 12.53% | 12.91% | 15.23% | 16.67% | 17.11% | 15.73% | 15.09% |
| 2022 | 16.53% | 16.31% | 17.16% | 15.32% | 16.50% | 16.08% | 14.57% | 14.63% | 17.61% | 18.41% | 18.09% | 16.46% | 16.74% |
| 2023 | 17.62% | 17.59% | 19.16% | 19.09% | 17.65% | 16.14% | 16.31% | 15.47% | 17.55% | 17.68% | 17.76% | 17.47% | 17.56% |
| 2024 | 18.09% | 17.26% | 18.01% | 17.73% | 17.60% | 15.67% | 15.72% | 14.85% | 17.03% | 17.65% | 17.24% | 16.87% | 17.07% |
| 2025 | 17.12% | 16.15% | 16.97% | 16.59% | 16.38% | 15.71% | 18.06% | 17.38% | 17.86% | 19.04% | 19.07% | 18.41% | 17.39% |
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