 A calung musical instrument fromIndonesia. | |
| Percussion instrument | |
|---|---|
| Classification | Idiophone |
| Hornbostel–Sachs classification | 111.232 (Sets of percussion tubes) |
| Inventor | Baduy people |
| Developed | Java (inBanten by bothBaduy andBantenese, inWest Java bySundanese, inBanyumas byBanyumasan) andBali (byBalinese) |
| Indonesian Angklung | |
|---|---|
| Country | Indonesia |
| Reference | 00393 |
| Region | Asia and the Pacific |
| Inscription history | |
| Inscription | 2010 (5th session) |
| List | Representative |
| TraditionalAngklung (Pentatonic –Slendro Scale:Angklung Kanekes, Angklung Dogdog Lojor, Angklung Gabrag, Angklung Badeng, Angklung Bungko, Angklung Badud, Angklung Buncis, andangklung Calung) andModernAngklung (Diatonic/Chromatic -Slendro,Pelog, andMadenda Scale:Angklung Padaeng) | |
TheCalung (Sundanese:ᮎᮜᮥᮀ) is a type ofIndonesianbambooxylophone originating fromBaduy culture and commonly used inBaduy,Bantenese,Sundanese,Banyumasan, andBalinese performances.[1][2] The calung (instrument) consists of multiple bamboo tubes which are struck at the base to produce a woody sound.
In theBalineseGamelan gong kebyar, themetallophonejublag can also be known asCalung, it has a one-octave range, and is generally utilized to play mid-range melodies.
InBanyumas, southwesternCentral Java inIndonesia, when Calung is referred to as an ensemble, it uses multiple bamboo instruments and is composed of singers and dancers.[3] The ensemble is characterized by a variety of traits that include: interlocking melodies andrhythm, abrupt changes intempo, as well as syncopated rhythm and humorous vocals. Calung (the ensemble) is present at many celebratory gatherings, and its dancers are sometimes related to prostitution.[4][dubious –discuss][page needed]
On November 18, 2010,UNESCO officially recognized the Indonesianangklung which includes a musical instrument of calung as aMasterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, and encouraged the Indonesian people and the Indonesian government to safeguard, transmit, promote performances and to encourage the craftsmanship of theangklung.[5] In 2011, calung traditions are recognized asNational Intangible Cultural Heritage of Indonesia by theIndonesian Ministry of Education and Culture.[6]
Calung is actually the name for theDiospyros macrophylla tree inSundanese language (ki calung, literally: calung wood),[7][8] as a musical instrument, according to theA Dictionary of the Sunda language by Jonathan Rigg (1862), calung is a rude musical instrument so called, being half a dozen slips of bambu fastened to a string, like the steps of a ladder, and when hung up, tapped with a bit of wood.[9]
The calung works by cutting away multiple pieces ofbamboo tubes to create apitch when struck.[10] To make the Calung in the Sundanese tradition, a set of bamboo tubes are strung together through holes cut into the tubes. You are then able to play the Calung either suspended; you play the tubes while they are in hanging in front of you, or you can put them across a bamboo frame and play it like axylophone.
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