| Bungandidj | |
|---|---|
| Buwandik | |
| Region | South-eastSouth Australia South-westVictoria |
| Ethnicity | Bungandidj |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
| Revival | by 2017 |
Pama–Nyungan
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | xbg |
| Glottolog | bung1264 |
| AIATSIS[2] | S13 |
| ELP | Buandig |
Bungandidj is a language ofAustralia, spoken by theBungandidj people,Indigenous Australians who lived in an area which is now in south-easternSouth Australia and in south-westernVictoria. According toChristina Smith and her book on the Buandig people, the Bungandidj called their languagedrualat-ngolonung (speech of man), orBooandik-ngolo (speech of the Booandik).[3] As of 2017, there is a revival and maintenance programme under way for the language.[4]
Historical variants of the name include:Bunganditj,Bungandaetch,Bunga(n)daetcha,Bungandity,Bungandit,Buganditch,Bungaditj,Pungantitj,Pungatitj,Booganitch,Buanditj,Buandik,Booandik,Boandiks,Bangandidj,Bungandidjk,Pungandik,Bak-on-date,Barconedeet,Booandik-ngolo,Borandikngolo,Bunganditjngolo, andBurhwundeirtch.
Bungandidj phonology is typical of Australian languages generally, sharing characteristics such as a single series of stops (no voicing contrast) at six places of articulation, a full corresponding set of nasals, laminals at all four coronal places of articulation and two glides.[5] Extrapolating from historical written sources and knowledge of surrounding languages, Blake posits the following consonant inventory:[5]
| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bilabial | Velar | Dental | Palatal | Alveolar | Retroflex | |
| Plosive | p[p] | k[k] | th[t̪] | tj[c] | t[t] | rt[ʈ] |
| Nasal | m[m] | ng[ŋ] | nh[n̪] | ny[ɲ] | n[n] | rn[ɳ] |
| Flap/Trill | rr[r] | |||||
| Lateral | lh[l̪] | ly[ʎ] | l[l] | rl[ɭ] | ||
| Approximant | w[w] | y[j] | r[ɻ] | |||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i[i] | u[u] | |
| Open | a[a] |
Smith (1880), on pages 138–139, records a poem written in Bungandidj :[3]
yul-yul, thumbal (Fly beetle, bat, night)
kallaball, moonarerebul (Fly, march-fly, beetle)
nana nan molanin (parrot, little parrot.)
korotaa, king nal (wattle bird,)
yongo birrit. (minah bird.)