| österreichischer Schilling (German) | |
|---|---|
 20 schilling note, issued in 1986 | |
| ISO 4217 | |
| Code | ATS |
| Unit | |
| Plural | Schilling |
| Symbol | S or öS |
| Denominations | |
| Subunit | |
| 1⁄100 | groschen |
| Plural | |
| groschen | Groschen |
| Banknotes | |
| Freq. used | 20, 50, 100, 500 & 1000 schilling |
| Rarely used | 5000 schilling |
| Coins | |
| Freq. used | 10 & 50 groschen, 1, 5 & 10 schilling |
| Rarely used | 1, 2 & 5 groschen, 20 & 50 schilling |
| Demographics | |
| Replaced | Austrian krone |
| User(s) | None, previously: Austria |
| Issuance | |
| Central bank | Oesterreichische Nationalbank |
| Website | www |
| Mint | Austrian Mint |
| Website | austrian-mint |
| Valuation | |
| Inflation | 2% |
| Source | CIA World Factbook 2001 |
| EU Exchange Rate Mechanism(ERM) | |
| Since | 19 June 1989 |
| Fixed rate since | 31 December 1998 |
| Replaced by euro, non cash | 1 January 1999 |
| Replaced by euro, cash | 1 March 2002 |
| 1 € = | S 13.7603 |
| This infobox shows the latest status before this currency was rendered obsolete. | |
Theschilling (German:Schilling;German pronunciation:[ˈʃɪliŋ]ⓘ) is a formercurrency ofAustria from 1925 to 1938 and from 1945 to 1999, and the circulating currency until 2002. Theeuro was introduced at a fixed parity of €1 = 13.7603 schilling to replace it. The schilling was divided into 100Groschen.
Following theCarolingian coin reform in 794 AD, new units of account were introduced, including theschilling, which consisted of 12 silverpfennige. It was initially only a coin of account but later became an actual coin produced in many European countries.
The currencies preceding the schilling include:
Inmediaeval Austria, there were short and longschilling coins, valued at 12 and 30Pfennige respectively. Until 1857, theSchilling was a currency unit for 30Pfennige or7+1⁄2Kreuzer. The AustrianGroschen (also known as theKaisergroschen,lit. 'emperor'sgroschen' or'emperor'sgroat') was a silver coin worth 12Pfennige = 3Kreuzer =2⁄5Schilling.[1]
The schilling was established by the Schilling Act (Schillingrechnungsgesetz) of 20 December 1924, at a rate of one schilling to 10,000kronen and issued on 1 March 1925. The schilling was abolished in the wake ofGermany's annexation of Austria in 1938, when it was exchanged at a rate of 1.50 schilling for oneReichsmark.
The schilling was reintroduced afterWorld War II on 30 November 1945 by the Allied Military, who issued paper money (dated 1944) in denominations of 50 groschen, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100, and 1000 schilling. The exchange rate to theReichsmark was 1:1, limited to 150 schilling per person. The Nationalbank also began issuing schilling notes in 1945 and the first coins were issued in 1946.
With a second "schilling" law on 21 November 1947, new banknotes were introduced. The earlier notes could be exchanged for new notes at par for the first 150 schilling and at a rate of 1 new schilling for 3 old schillings thereafter. This reform did not affect coins. The currency stabilised in the 1950s, with the schilling being tied to theU.S. dollar at a rate of $1 = 26 schilling. Following the breakdown of theBretton Woods system in 1971, the schilling was initially tied to a basket of currencies until July 1976, when it was coupled to theGerman mark.
Although theeuro became the official currency of Austria in 1999,euro coins and notes were not introduced until 2002. Old schilling denominated coins and notes were phased out from circulation because of theintroduction of the euro by 28 February of that year. Schilling banknotes and coins which were valid at the time of the introduction of the euro will indefinitely remain exchangeable for euros at any branch of theOesterreichische Nationalbank.
In 1925, bronze 1 and 2 groschen, cupro-nickel 10 groschen, and silver1⁄2 and 1 schilling coins were introduced, followed by cupro-nickel 5 groschen issues in 1931. In 1934, cupro-nickel 50 groschen and 1 schilling were introduced, together with silver 5 schilling. Coins were issued until 1938.
Also issued gold and silver coins: 2 schillings (1937) – 64% silver, 5 schillings (1934) – 83% silver, 25 schillings (1926) – 90% gold, 100 schillings (1924) – 90% gold.[2]
Between 1947 and 1952, coins in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 groschen; and 1, 2, and 5 schilling were introduced. The 1, 5, 10, and 50 groschen were initially made from leftover blanks from the wartime pfennig issues. The 2 and 50 groschen; 1, 2, and 5 schilling were struck in aluminium, as was the second type of 10 groschen coin. The 1 and 5 groschen and the first type of 10 groschen were in zinc, with the 20 groschen struck in aluminium-bronze. The 1 groschen was only struck in 1947, while the 20 groschen and 2 schilling coins were suspended from production in 1954 and 1952, respectively. In 1957, silver 10 schilling coins were introduced, followed in 1959 by aluminium-bronze 50 groschen and 1 schilling, and in 1960 by silver 5 schilling coins. As a result, the composition of the 5 Schilling coins changed from aluminum to silver in the 1950s, which was a highly unusual event. Cupro-nickel replaced silver in the 5 and 10 schilling coins in 1969 and 1974, respectively. An aluminium-bronze 20 schilling coin was introduced in 1980.
Silver coins were in the value of 25, 50, 100, 200 and 500 schilling, but gold coins also existed for 500 and 1,000 schilling. They were considered legal currency, but were rarely found in actual transactions. Coins under 10 groschen were rarely seen in circulation during their final years.
At the time of the changeover to the euro, the coins in circulation were the following:
| Coins of the Second Schilling[3][4][5] | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Technical parameters | Description | Issued from | First issued | Withdrawn | ||||||
| Diameter (mm) | Mass (g) | Composition | Edge | Obverse | Reverse | |||||||
| 1 gr. | 17.00 | 1.80 | Zinc | Smooth | Value; year of issue | Coat of arms; lettering: Republik Österreich | 1947–1950 | 5 Apr 1948 | 31 Dec 2001 | |||
| 2 gr. | 18.00 | 0.90 | Aluminium: 98.5% Magnesium: 1.5% | Value; year of issue; lettering: Republik Österreich | Coat of arms | 1950–1991 | 15 Jul 1950 | |||||
| 5 gr. | 19.00 | 2.50 | Zinc | Reeded | Value; year of issue | Coat of arms; lettering: Republik Österreich | 1948–1992 | 17 Jun 1948 | ||||
| 10 gr. | 21.00 | 3.50 | Smooth | 1947–1949 | 1 May 1947 | 31 Oct 1959 | ||||||
| 20.00 | 1.10 | Aluminium: 98.5% Magnesium: 1.5% | Coat of arms; value; lettering: Republik Österreich | 1951–1998 | 27 Nov 1951 | 31 Dec 2001 | ||||||
| 20 gr. | 22.00 | 4.50 | Copper: 91.5% Aluminium: 8.5% | Value; year of issue; lettering: Republik Österreich | Coat of arms | 1950–1954 | 23 Dec 1950 | 31 Jul 1959 | ||||
| 50 gr. | 22.00 | 1.40 | Aluminium: 98.5% Magnesium: 1.5% | Smooth | Value; year of issue | Coat of arms; lettering: Republik Österreich | 1946–1955 | 11 Dec 1947 | 31 Dec 1961 | |||
| 19.50 | 3.00 | Copper: 91.5% Aluminium: 8.5% | Reeded | Gentian; value; year of issue | 1959–1997 | 1 Oct 1959 | 31 Dec 2001 | |||||
| S 1 | 25.00 | 2.00 | Aluminium: 98.5% Magnesium: 1.5% | Smooth | Sower; value; year of issue; lettering: Republik Österreich | Coat of arms | 1946–1957 | 11 Dec 1947 | 31 Dec 1961 | |||
| 22.50 | 4.20 | Copper: 91.5% Aluminium: 8.5% | Value; year of issue; lettering: Republik Österreich | Edelweiss; value | 1959–1998 | 1 Sep 1959 | 31 Dec 2001 | |||||
| S 2 | 28.00 | 2.80 | Aluminium: 98.5% Magnesium: 1.5% | Coat of arms | Value, year of minting | 1946–1952 | 11 Dec 1947 | 30 Jun 1958 | ||||
| S 5 | 31.00 | 4.00 | Aluminium: 98.5% Magnesium: 1.5% | Reeded | Value; year of issue; lettering: Republik Österreich | Coat of arms | 1952–1957 | 25 Oct 1952 | 31 Dec 1961 | |||
| 23.50 | 5.20 | Silver: 64% Copper: 36% | Coat of arms; value | Horse rider; lettering: Republik Österreich | 1960–1968 | 2 Jan 1961 | 30 Dec 1970 | |||||
| 4.80 | Cupronickel: Cu: 75%;Ni: 25% | Smooth | 1968–1998 | 15 Jan 1969 | 31 Dec 2001 | |||||||
| S 10 | 26.00 | 7.50 | Silver: 64% Copper: 36% | Reeded | Woman; value; year of issue | Coat of arms; lettering: Republik Österreich | 1957–1973 | 1 Jul 1957 | 31 Mar 1977 | |||
| 6.20 | Cupronickel: Cu: 75%;Ni: 25% | 1968–1998 | 15 Jan 1969 | 31 Dec 2001 | ||||||||
| S 20 | 27.70 | 8.00 | Aluminium bronze: Cu: 92% Al: 6% Ni: 2% | 19 dots | Value; year of issue | Allegory ofstates; lettering: Republik Österreich | 1980–1992 | 10 Dec 1980 | ||||
| Smooth | 1993 | |||||||||||
| 19 dots | Coat of arms; value; year of issue; lettering: Republik Österreich | Various commemorative subjects | 1982–1993 | 27 Mar 1982 | ||||||||
| Smooth | 1994–2001 | |||||||||||
| S 50 | 26.50 | 8.15 | Outer: Aluminium bronze | States' coats of arms; value; lettering: Republik Österreich | 1996–2001 | 23 Oct 1996 | ||||||
| 18.50 | Inner:Magnimat | |||||||||||
| For table standards, see thecoin specification table. | ||||||||||||
In 1925, theOesterreichische Nationalbank issued notes in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 100 and 1,000Schillinge (note the different spelling of the plural on this first 1925-series of notes). The one-schilling notes were overprints of 10,000Krone notes.
In 1927–1929 a second series was added with 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 schilling notes. The one schilling was substituted by a coin.
In 1945, theAllies introduced notes (dated 1944) in denominations of 50 groschen, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100 and 1,000 schilling.[6] TheOesterreichische Nationalbank also introduced notes in 1945, in denominations of 10, 20, 100 and 1,000 schilling and the allied currency with small values up to 5 schilling remained valid until 1947. With the banknote reform of 1947, new notes were issued in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 1,000 schilling. Until 1957, the first 500 schilling banknote was issued and the 5 and 10 schilling notes were replaced by coins. However, although 20 schilling coins were issued from 1980, the 20 schilling note continued to be produced, with 5,000 schilling notes added in 1988.
| Penultimate series (1983–1989)[7] Designer:Robert Kalina | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image | Value | Euro equivalent | Dimensions (mm) | Main colour | Description | First printed | First issued | Withdrawn | Lapse | ||
| Obverse | Reverse | ||||||||||
| [8] | S 20 | €1.45 | 123 × 62 | Olive | Moritz Daffinger | Albertina | 1 Oct 1986 | 19 Oct 1988 | 28 Feb 2002 | Unlimited | |
| S 50 | €3.63 | 130 × 65 | Purple | Sigmund Freud | Josephinum | 2 Jan 1986 | 19 Oct 1987 | ||||
| S 100 | €7.27 | 137 × 68 | Green | Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk | Academy of Sciences | 2 Jan 1984 | 14 Oct 1985 | ||||
| S 500 | €36.34 | 144 × 72 | Red | Otto Wagner | Postal Savings Bank | 1 Jul 1985 | 20 Jun 1986 | 20 Apr 1998 | 20 Apr 2018 | ||
| S 1000 | €72.67 | 152 × 76 | Blue | Erwin Schrödinger | University of Vienna | 3 Jan 1983 | 14 Nov 1983 | ||||
| S 5000 | €363.36 | 160 × 80 | Brown | Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | Vienna State Opera | 4 Jan 1988 | 17 Oct 1989 | 28 Feb 2002 | Unlimited | ||
| Last series (1997) Designer:Robert Kalina | |||||||||||
| [8] | S 500 | €36.34 | 149 × 72 | Orange | Rosa Mayreder | Women's Associations meeting, Vienna(1911) | 1 Jan 1997 | 20 Oct 1997 | 28 Feb 2002 | Unlimited | |
| S 1000 | €72.67 | 154 × 72 | Blue | Karl Landsteiner | Landsteiner in a laboratory | ||||||
| For table standards, see thebanknote specification table. | |||||||||||
| Preceded by: Austrian krone Reason: inflation Ratio: 1 Schilling = 10,000 Kronen | Currency ofAustria 1925 – 1938 | Succeeded by: German Reichsmark Reason: German annexation (Anschluss) Ratio: 1 Reichsmark = 1.5 Schilling |
| Preceded by: German Reichsmark Reason: restoration of sovereignty, under allied occupation Ratio: at par, limited to 150 schilling per person | Currency ofAustria 30 November 1945 – November 1947 | Succeeded by: New Schilling Reason: inflation Ratio: at par for the first 150 schilling per person, then 1 new Schilling = 3 Allied Military Schilling |
| Preceded by: Allied Military Schilling Reason: inflation Ratio: at par for the first 150 Schilling per person, then 1 Schilling = 3 allied military sSchilling | Currency ofAustria 1947 – 31 December 2001 Note:euro existed as anaccounting currency since 1 January 1999 | Succeeded by: Euro Reason: deployment of euro cash Ratio: 1 euro = 13.7603 Schilling |
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