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Antiochus III Epiphanes (Greek:Ἀντίοχος ὀ Ἐπιφανής, flourished 1st century BC and 1st century AD) was the ruler of theKingdom of Commagene from 12 BC to 17 AD. He was the son and successor of KingMithridates III of Commagene andIotapa, and of mixedIranian,^[1]Armenian,^[2]Greek andMedian descent – the last through his mother. His parents were first cousins.^{[citation needed]}

When Antiochus died in 17 AD, his death created major issues for the kingdom, which was in political turmoil at the time.^[3] The reasons for this situation are unclear, but it may have been the consequence of his children,^{[citation needed]} Antiochus and Iotapa, being too young to succeed their father.^{[citation needed]} This may have meant that there was no effective authority to prevent civil unrest and unite the citizens of Commagene.^{[citation needed]}

Very little is known on his life and his reign as King.^{[citation needed]} After Antiochus' death, two factions appeared: One faction was led by noblemen, who wanted Commagene to be placed under the rule of theRoman Empire; the other was led by citizens who wanted Commagene's independence to be retained under the rule of their own king.

Both factions sent embassies toRome, seeking the advice and assistance of EmperorTiberius to decide the future of Commagene. Tiberius decided to make Commagene a part of theRoman province ofSyria. That decision was welcomed by many of the citizens by Commagene, which remained under Roman rule untilCaligula restored the kingdom to Antiochus’ children in 38 AD.

Antiochus III and his son are honoured on thePhilopappos Monument inAthens,Greece, dedicated to his great-grandson, PrinceGaius Julius Antiochus Epiphanes Philopappos, who was a prominent and respected citizen in Athens. In the left figure of the monument is a statue of Antiochus III's son, Antiochus IV. Below Antiochus IV is an inscription that statesKing Antiochus son of King Antiochus.^{[citation needed]}

• Kings of Commagene
• 17 deaths
• 1st-century BC monarchs in Asia
• 1st-century monarchs in Asia

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• CS1: long volume value
• Year of birth unknown