Lu Hsiu-lien | |
|---|---|
呂秀蓮 | |
 Official portrait, 2005 | |
| 8th Vice President of the Republic of China | |
| In office 20 May 2000 – 20 May 2008 | |
| President | Chen Shui-bian |
| Preceded by | Lien Chan |
| Succeeded by | Vincent Siew |
| Chair of Democratic Progressive Party | |
| Acting 8 December 2005 – 15 January 2006 | |
| Preceded by | Su Tseng-chang |
| Succeeded by | Yu Shyi-kun |
| 10thMagistrate of Taoyuan | |
| In office 28 March 1997 – 20 May 2000 | |
| Preceded by | Liau Pen-yang (acting) Liu Pang-yu |
| Succeeded by | Hsu Ying-shen (acting) Eric Chu |
| Member of the Legislative Yuan | |
| In office 1 February 1993 – 31 January 1996 | |
| Constituency | Taoyuan County constituency |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1944-06-07)7 June 1944 (age 81) Tōen Town,Shinchiku Prefecture, Japanese Taiwan (nowTaoyuan District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan) |
| Nationality | Taiwanese |
| Party | Democratic Progressive Party (after 1986) |
| Other political affiliations |
|
| Education | National Taiwan University (LLB) University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (LLM) Harvard University (LLM) |
| Annette Lu | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 呂秀蓮 | ||||||||||||
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Lu Hsiu-lien (Chinese:呂秀蓮;pinyin:Lǚ Xiùlián;Pe̍h-ōe-jī:Lū Siù-liân; born 7 June 1944), also known by her English nameAnnette, is a Taiwanese politician and lawyer. A feminist active in theTangwai movement, she joined theDemocratic Progressive Party (DPP) in 1990 and was elected to theLegislative Yuan in 1992. Subsequently, she served asTaoyuan County Magistrate between 1997 and 2000, and wasvice president of the Republic of China (Taiwan) from 2000 to 2008, under PresidentChen Shui-bian.
Before entering politics, Lu graduated fromNational Taiwan University and earned law degrees from theUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and fromHarvard University. She announced her intentions to run for the presidency on 6 March 2007, but withdrew to support eventual DPP nomineeFrank Hsieh. Lu ran again in2012, but withdrew for a second time, ceding the nomination to DPP chairwomanTsai Ing-wen.[citation needed]
Lu lost the DPP's Taipei mayoral nomination toPasuya Yao in 2018, and stated that she would leave the party. However, by the time Lu announced in September 2019 that she would contest the2020 presidential election on behalf of theFormosa Alliance, she was still a member of the Democratic Progressive Party.
Lu was born on June 7, 1944,[1] in Tōen Town (nowTaoyuan City) duringJapanese rule. She has bothHoklo andHakka ancestry, with her paternal ancestor arriving in Taiwan fromNanjing County,Zhangzhou,Fujian in 1740.[2] She has one older brother, Lu Chuan-seng, and three older sisters; her older brother became a local lawyer and her three sisters became housewives.[3] Theirancestral home is inFujian.[3]
After graduating fromTaipei First Girls' High School, Lu sat the competitive law school college entrance examinations and, after placing first on the exam in 1963, was admitted to attend law school atNational Taiwan University. After graduating with anLL.B. in 1967, she won a scholarship to complete graduate studies in the United States. She earned aMaster of Laws (LL.M.) from theUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign incomparative law in 1971 and a second LL.M. fromHarvard Law School, where she was a student of professorJerome Cohen, in 1978.[4] As a graduate student at Harvard, Lu was classmates with future Taiwanese presidentMa Ying-jeou.[5]
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During the 1970s, Lu established herself as a prominentfeminist advocate in Taiwan, which included writing forNew Feminism orXin Nüxing Zhuyi (新女性主義). She renounced her KMT membership,[6] joined thetangwai movement, and worked on the staff ofFormosa Magazine. Lu then became increasingly active in the movement, calling for democracy and an end to authoritarian rule.
In 1979, Lu delivered a 20-minute speech criticizing the government at anInternational Human Rights Day rally that later became known as theKaohsiung Incident. Following this rally, virtually the entire leadership of Taiwan's democracy movement, including Lu, was imprisoned. She was tried, found guilty of violent sedition, and sentenced by a military court to 12 years in prison. She was named byAmnesty International as aprisoner of conscience, and, due to international pressure, coupled with the work ofMa Ying-jeou andJerome A. Cohen, was released in 1985, after approximately five and a half years in jail.[7][8]
In the 1990s, Lu worked to have Taiwan reenter the United Nations, not under the name "Republic of China" but as "Taiwan".[9]
Lu joined theDemocratic Progressive Party in November 1990,[10] and was elected to theLegislative Yuan in 1992.[11][12] In 1997, she won an election to be theMagistrate of her hometown ofTaoyuan,[13][14] a post she held until Chen Shui-bian selected her as his running mate in the 2000 presidential elections.
Lu completed her novel entitledThese Three Women while in prison. To evade the surveillance of the detention facility, she wrote part of the novel on toilet paper[15] using a washbasin as a desk. In 2008, the novel was adapted into a screenplay for TV drama of the same name. The drama was broadcast on 24 November 2008 on the Chinese Television System.
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On 18 March 2000, Lu waselected vice president. She was awarded theWorld Peace Corps Mission'sWorld Peace Prize in 2001.[16] Controversy erupted over this in Taiwan, with Lu's political opponents accusing her of vastly overstating the significance and value of that award. She was also the ROC's first elected vice president to adopt a Western first name. In her interview withTIME Asia Magazine, she said theKMT never thought they would transfer their regime to her on behalf of the freedom fighters.[clarification needed][17]
Lu was a contender for the2008 presidential election; she announced her candidacy on March 6 and facedYu Shyi-kun,Frank Hsieh, andSu Tseng-chang for the nomination. After receiving only 6.16% of the votes cast in the DPP primary, Lu withdrew from the race.[18][19]
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On 19 March 2004, Lu was shot in the rightkneecap while campaigning inTainan. Chen was shot in the abdomen at the same event. Both survived the shooting and left Chi-mei Hospital on the same day. ThePan-Blue Coalition suggested that the shooting was not an assassination attempt but that it was staged to a self-inflicted wound in order to gain sympathy votes. The Chen/Lu ticket won the election on the following day with a 0.228% margin, a figure significant to those who related it to the assassination incident.
In 2004, Lu stressed that the mountain and rivers in central Taiwan have been overcultivated, and the entire area needs rest; she suggested that Taiwanese, includingIndigenous people, could move to Taiwan allies inLatin America to build new careers and help develop land resources in those countries. She also claimed that Aboriginal people are not Taiwan's original inhabitants. These comments have led to her being accused ofHan-centered "racist" by some, including Indigenous people.[20][21][22]
Lu announced in March 2018 that she would contest the Democratic Progressive Party mayoral primary for Taipei.[23] Soon after the DPP nominatedPasuya Yao as its candidate, Lu stated her intention to leave the party.[24][25]
She remained a DPP member through 2019, and announced in September 2019 that she would contest the2020 presidential election on behalf of theFormosa Alliance, withPeng Pai-hsien as her running mate.[26][27] On 2 November 2019, Lu suspended her presidential campaign.[28][29]
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In terms ofCross-Strait relations with China, Lu has been more outspoken in favor ofTaiwan independence than PresidentChen Shui-bian, and as such has been more heavily attacked than Chen both by the government of thePeople's Republic of China and by supporters ofChinese unification. Her remarks have led state newspapers in mainland China to accuse her of provoking "animosity between the people on both sides of the Taiwan Straits".[30] PRC state media has also labeled Lu as "insane" and as "scum of the earth".[citation needed]
In 2010 Lu visitedSouth Korea and advocated Taiwan's use of what she called "soft power," meaning peaceful economic and political development, as a model for the resolution of international conflicts.[31] In mid-April 2013 speaking atGeorge Washington University, Lu called for the DPP to better understand Mainland China, because Taiwan's future depends on development on the mainland. She stated that cross-strait relations should be defined as not only between distant relatives, but between near neighbors. She also stressed that there should be neither hatred nor war between Taiwan and Mainland China, and that both sides should pursue peaceful coexistence, industrial cooperation, and cultural exchanges.[32]
Speaking at the founding ceremony of Anti-One China Principle Union inTaipei on 29 April 2013, Lu warned against silent annexation of Taiwan by China since the introduction ofAnti-Secession Law in 2005 and the gradual erosion ofTaiwan's sovereignty. However, she said Taiwan is not opposed to oneChina existing in the world, just that Taiwan is not part of China. She criticizedROC PresidentMa Ying-jeou for making Taiwan more and more dependent on China. She reiterated her 1996 Consensus (in opposition to theKuomintang's1992 Consensus) for dealing with thePRC, in which she said Taiwan has been an independent sovereign country since the1996 ROC presidential election.[33]
On September 21, 2007, Lu, along with DPP chairmanYu Shyi-Kun and National Security Office secretary-generalMark Chen, were separately indicted on charges of corruption by the Supreme Prosecutor's Office of Taiwan.[34] Lu was accused of embezzlement and special fund abuse of about US$165,000.[34] On July 2, 2012, all three were acquitted of all charges.[35]
Media from Commons
Quotations from Wikiquote
Data from Wikidata| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Liau Pen-yang Acting | Magistrate ofTaoyuan County 1997–2000 | Succeeded by Hsu Ying-shen Acting |
| Preceded by | Vice President of the Republic of China 2000–2008 | Succeeded by |
| Party political offices | ||
| Preceded by | DPP nominee for Vice President of the Republic of China 2000,2004 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Chairperson of the Democratic Progressive Party(acting) 2005–2006 | Succeeded by |
Names in brackets indicate accompanying candidate for theVice Presidency. Winners shown inbold. |
| Beiyang government (1913–1928) |
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| Constitutional government indirect elections(1948–1996) | ||
| Constitutional government direct elections(since 1996) | ||
| International | |
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| National | |
| Academics | |
| People | |
