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Andrés Ignacio Menéndez | |
|---|---|
 | |
| President of El Salvador | |
| In office 9 May 1944 – 21 October 1944 Provisional President | |
| Preceded by | Maximiliano Hernández Martínez |
| Succeeded by | Osmín Aguirre y Salinas (provisional) |
| In office 29 August 1934 – 1 March 1935 Provisional President | |
| Preceded by | Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (provisional) |
| Succeeded by | Maximiliano Hernández Martínez |
| 30thMinister of War, the Navy, and Aviation of El Salvador | |
| In office 1 March 1935 – 9 May 1944 | |
| Preceded by | Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (acting) |
| Succeeded by | Fidel Cristino Garay (acting) |
| In office 1 April 1934 – 29 August 1934 Acting Minister | |
| Preceded by | Joaquín Valdés (acting) |
| Succeeded by | Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (acting) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1879-02-01)1 February 1879 Santa Ana, El Salvador |
| Died | 7 or 13 June 1962(1962-06-13) (aged 83) New York City, United States |
| Spouse | Catalina Carballo |
| Occupation | Military officer, politician |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  El Salvador |
| Branch/service | Salvadoran Army |
| Years of service | 1898–1944 |
| Rank | Brigadier general |
Andrés Ignacio Menéndez (1 February 1879 – 7 or 13 June 1962) was a Salvadoran military officer and politician who served as provisionalpresident of El Salvador from 1934 to 1935 and in 1944. He also served asEl Salvador's defense minister from 1935 to 1944.
Andrés Ignacio Menéndez was born on 1 February 1879 inSanta Ana, El Salvador. He married Catalina Carballo. Menéndez rose through the ranks in theSalvadoran Army, becomingsub-lieutenant on 18 October 1898;lieutenant on 24 March 1904;captain on 1 August 1906; major captain on 24 May 1907;lieutenant colonel on 20 May 1911;colonel on 21 May 1915; andbrigadier general on 10 August 1920.[1]
On 2 April 1934, President Brigadier GeneralMaximiliano Hernández Martínez appointed Menéndez asMinister of War, the Navy, and Aviation (minister of war). On 29 August, Menéndez became the provisionalpresident of El Salvador after Martínez resigned to run in the1935 presidential election. Martínez won the election and he assumed office on 1 March 1935. That day, Martínez reappointed Menéndez as minister of war.[1]
Menéndez became thefirst presidential designate in April 1944 after the failedPalm Sunday Coup. Martínez resigned during theStrike of Fallen Arms on 9 May and Menéndez became provisional president. Menéndez was overthrown in a coup led by ColonelOsmín Aguirre y Salinas on 21 October.[2]
Menéndez died on 7 or 13 June 1962 in theMount Sinai Hospital inNew York City, United States. His remains were returned to El Salvador and he was buried in the General Cemetery ofSan Salvador.[3]
The following is a list of Menéndez's military ranks during his career.[1]
| Insignia | Rank | Service branch | Date of promotion |
|---|---|---|---|
.svg) | Sub-lieutenant | Army | 18 October 1898 |
.svg) | Lieutenant | Army | 24 March 1904 |
.svg) | Captain | Army | 1 August 1906 |
.svg) | Major captain | Army | 24 May 1907 |
.svg) | Lieutenant colonel | Army | 20 May 1911 |
.svg) | Colonel | Army | 21 May 1915 |
.svg) | Brigadier general | Army | 10 August 1920 |
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Joaquín Valdés (acting) | Minister of War, the Navy, and Aviation of El Salvador 1934 | Succeeded by Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (acting) |
| Preceded by Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (provisional) | President of El Salvador 1934–1935 (provisional) | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (acting) | Minister of War, the Navy, and Aviation of El Salvador 1935–1944 | Succeeded by Fidel Cristino Garay (acting) |
| Preceded by | President of El Salvador (provisional) 1944 | Succeeded by Osmín Aguirre y Salinas (provisional) |
| Post-independence (1821–1823) |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Federal Republic of Central America (1823–1841) | ||
| Republic of El Salvador (1841–1931) |
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| Military presidents (1931–1979) | ||
| Salvadoran Civil War (1979–1992) | ||
| Post-Civil War (since 1992) | ||
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