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Ancamna

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Water deity
Depiction of Ancamna and MarsSmertrius fromFreckenfeld in the ancient territory of theNemetes.

InGallo-Roman religion,Ancamna was a goddess worshipped particularly in the valley of the riverMoselle. She was commemorated atTrier andRipsdorf as the consort ofLenusMars,[1] and atMöhn as the consort of MarsSmertulitanus.[2][3] At Trier, altars were set up in honour of Lenus Mars, Ancamna and thegenii of variouspagi of theTreveri, giving the impression of Lenus Mars and Ancamna as tribal protectors honoured in an officially organized cult.[4][5] Among the few statuettes left asvotive offerings at the sanctuary of Mars Smertulitanus and Ancamna at Möhn is one of agenius cucullatus like those offered to the Xulsigiae at the Lenus Mars temple complex in Trier.[6]

Inciona is also apparently invoked along with Lenus MarsVeraudunus on a bronzeex voto from Luxembourg;[7] it is unclear what connection, if any, exists between Inciona and Ancamna. Jufer and Luginbühl link Ancamna with two other consorts of the Gaulish Mars,Litavis andNemetona, noting that none of these appear to be warrior goddesses themselves; instead, they suggest that Ancamna might have been associated with aspring.[3] Edith Wightman considers the couple MarsLoucetius andNemetona to be "closely similar to if not identical with, Lenus and Ancamna".[8]

Works cited

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  1. ^H. Finke (1927). "Neue Inschriften,"Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission 17, inscriptions 12 (=AE1915, 00071), 13 (= EDCS-11201739), 20 (=AE1915, 00070), 254 (=CILXIII, 07778).
  2. ^CILXIII, 04119.
  3. ^abNicole Jufer & Thierry Luginbühl. 2001.Les dieux gaulois : répertoire des noms de divinités celtiques connus par l'épigraphie, les textes antiques et la toponymie. Editions Errance, Paris. pp.14, 21.(in French)
  4. ^Wightman (1970), p. 214.
  5. ^Two such surviving inscriptions were published in Finke (1927) "Neue Inschriften,"Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission 17: inscriptions 12 and 13.
  6. ^Wightman (1970), p. 224.
  7. ^Musée d'histoire et d'art, Luxembourg. 1974.Pierres sculptées et inscriptions de l'époque romaine, catalogued by Eugénie Wilhelm, p.71.(in French)
  8. ^Wightman (1970), p. 219.

Further reading

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  • Ellis, Peter Berresford (1994).Dictionary of Celtic Mythology (Oxford Paperback Reference), Oxford University Press, Oxford.ISBN 0-19-508961-8
  • MacKillop, James (1998).Dictionary of Celtic Mythology. Oxford University Press, Oxford.ISBN 0-19-280120-1.
  • Wightman, Edith Mary (1970).Roman Trier and the Treveri. London: Rupert Hart-Davis.
  • Wood, Juliette (2002).The Celts: Life, Myth, and Art. Thorsons Publishers.ISBN 0-00-764059-5

External links

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  • Media related toAncamna at Wikimedia Commons
Ancient deities ofGaul,Britain andGallaecia by region
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The Celtic god Cernunnos on the Gundestrup cauldron
The Celtic god Esus felling a tree on the Pillar of the Boatmen
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Gallia Belgica
Gallia Celtica
Gallia Cisalpina
Gallia Narbonensis
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