30°59′13.3″N87°56′14.34″W / 30.987028°N 87.9373167°W /30.987028; -87.9373167
| Alabama's 1st congressional district | |
|---|---|
.svg)  Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2025 | |
| Representative | |
| Area | 7,182 mi2 (18,600 km2) |
| Distribution |
|
| Population (2024) | 760,389[1] |
| Median household income | $71,253[1] |
| Ethnicity |
|
| Cook PVI | R+27[2] |
Alabama's 1st congressional district is a United Statescongressional district inAlabama, which elects a representative to theUnited States House of Representatives. It includes the entirety ofBaldwin,Coffee,Covington,Dale,Escambia,Geneva,Henry, andHouston counties, as well as parts ofMobile County.
It is currently represented byRepublicanBarry Moore.
Timber production remains the biggest source of contributions to the local economy, however recently Gulf Coast condominium developments in Baldwin County represent new economic possibilities.
Politically, this area was one of the first in Alabama to shake off its Democratic roots. It was one of five districts to swing Republican in1964, whenBarry Goldwaterswept the state. TheGOP has held the district in every House election since then, usually by landslide margins; indeed, a Democrat has only managed 40 percent of the vote once since the current GOP run began in the district. However,conservative Democrats continued to hold most state and local offices well into the 1990s.
It supportedGeorge W. Bush with 60% of the vote in 2000, and with 64% in 2004. In 2008,John McCain received 61.01% of the vote in the district while 38.38% supportedBarack Obama.
The 1st district traditionally gives its representatives very long tenures in Washington: only nine people have represented the seat in Congress since 1897, with all but two holding the seat for at least 10 years.
TheAllen v. Milligan ruling reshaped the 1st and 2nd districts; rather than splitting the southern border to an east and west district, 1st was changed to represent all south border counties as well asCoffee,Dale, andHenry Counties.
For the119th and successive Congresses (based on the districts drawn following the Supreme Court's decision inAllen v. Milligan), the district contains all or portions of the following counties and communities.[3]
Baldwin County(20)
Covington County(14)
Dale County(13)
Henry County(4)
Houston County(12)
Mobile County(16)
The following chart shows the result of recent federal and statewide races in the 1st district.[4]
| Year | Office | Winner | D % | R % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | President | John McCain (R) | 38.3% | 60.6% |
| Redistricted for the 2012 cycle | ||||
| 2012 | President | Mitt Romney (R) | 37.3% | 61.7% |
| 2016 | President | Donald Trump (R) | 33.8% | 63.0% |
| Senate | Richard Shelby (R) | 34.5% | 65.3% | |
| 2017 | Senate (special) | Roy Moore (R) | 48.2% | 50.1% |
| 2018 | Governor | Kay Ivey (R) | 39.3% | 60.6% |
| Lieutenant Governor | Will Ainsworth (R) | 37.6% | 62.3% | |
| Attorney General | Steve Marshall (R) | 40.2% | 59.7% | |
| 2020 | President | Donald Trump (R) | 35.2% | 63.5% |
| Senate | Tommy Tuberville (R) | 39.0% | 60.9% | |
| Redistricted for the 2022 cycle | ||||
| 2022 | Senate | Katie Britt (R) | 28.6% | 69.0% |
| Governor | Kay Ivey (R) | 27.2% | 68.3% | |
| Secretary of State | Wes Allen (R) | 29.3% | 67.3% | |
| Attorney General | Steve Marshall (R) | 30.0% | 69.9% | |
| Redistricted for the 2024 cycle | ||||
| 2024 | President | Donald Trump (R) | 22.0% | 77.0% |
These are the results from the previous thirteen election cycles in Alabama's 1st district.[6]
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jo Bonner (incumbent) | 108,102 | 60.50 | |
| Democratic | Judy McCain Belk | 67,507 | 37.78 | |
| Libertarian | Dick Coffee | 2,957 | 1.65 | |
| Write-in | 121 | 0.07 | ||
| Total votes | 178,687 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jo Bonner (incumbent) | 161,067 | 63.12 | |
| Democratic | Judy McCain Belk | 93,938 | 36.81 | |
| Write-in | 159 | 0.06 | ||
| Total votes | 255,164 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jo Bonner (incumbent) | 112,944 | 68.10 | |
| Democratic | Vivian Beckerle | 52,770 | 31.82 | |
| Write-in | 127 | 0.08 | ||
| Total votes | 165,841 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jo Bonner (incumbent) | 210,660 | 98.27 | |
| Write-in | 3,707 | 1.73 | ||
| Total votes | 214,367 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jo Bonner (incumbent) | 129,063 | 82.58 | |
| Constitution | David M. Walter | 26,357 | 16.87 | |
| Write-in | 861 | 0.55 | ||
| Total votes | 156,281 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jo Bonner (incumbent) | 196,374 | 97.86 | |
| Write-in | 4,302 | 2.14 | ||
| Total votes | 200,676 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Bradley Byrne | 36,042 | 70.66 | |
| Democratic | Burton LeFlore | 14,968 | 29.34 | |
| Total votes | 51,010 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Bradley Byrne (incumbent) | 103,758 | 68.16 | |
| Democratic | Burton LeFlore | 48,278 | 31.71 | |
| Write-in | 198 | 0.13 | ||
| Total votes | 152,234 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Bradley Byrne (incumbent) | 208,083 | 96.38 | |
| Write-in | 7,810 | 3.62 | ||
| Total votes | 215,893 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Bradley Byrne (incumbent) | 153,228 | 63.16 | |
| Democratic | Robert Kennedy, Jr. | 89,226 | 36.78 | |
| Write-in | 163 | 0.07 | ||
| Total votes | 242,617 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jerry Carl | 211,825 | 64.37 | |
| Democratic | James Averhart | 116,949 | 35.54 | |
| Write-in | 301 | 0.09 | ||
| Total votes | 329,075 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Jerry Carl (incumbent) | 140,592 | 83.61 | |
| Libertarian | Alexander Remrey | 26,369 | 15.68 | |
| Write-in | 1,189 | 0.71 | ||
| Total votes | 168,150 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Barry Moore | 258,619 | 78.40 | |
| Democratic | Tom Holmes | 70,929 | 21.50 | |
| Total votes | 329,854 | 100.00 | ||
| Republicanhold | ||||
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