During most of the division's history it served withAir Defense Command as a regionalcommand and control headquarters. Between 1955 and 1967 the division controlledair defense units in the central United States. It controlled a slightly differentareas of the midwestern US from 1955 to 1960 and again from 1966 to 1967. Its area of responsibility shifted to the east coast if the United States from 1969 to 1983. It was shifted to its final station on paper in 1983 and was immediately inactivated.
The division was initially activated as an intermediate command organization underCentral Air Defense Force atGrandview Air Force Base (later Richards-Gebaur Air Force Base) in June 1955.[2] The division was responsible for the interceptor and radar units within an area that covered parts of Nebraska, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Illinois, Iowa, and virtually all of Kansas and Missouri.[3]
On 1 October 1959 ADC activated theSioux City Air Defense Sector and itsSemi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) DC-22 Direction Center and assigned it to the division.[4] The 20th also operated a Manual Control Center (MCC-2) at Richards-Gebaur. The division was inactivated in 1960 when ADC reorganized its regional air defense units, and the33d Air Division assumed command of most of its former units.[2][5]
20th Air Division ADC AOR 1966–1967
The division was reactivated in 1966 underTenth Air Force as a SAGE organization, replacing theChicago Air Defense Sector when ADC discontinued its air defense sectors and replaced them with air divisions.[6] The 20th provided air defense from theTruax Field, Wisconsin DC-7/CC-2 SAGE blockhouse for parts of Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana, and all of Illinois.[3] The division also acted as the 20th NORAD Region after activation of theNorth American Air Defense Command (NORAD) Combat Operations Center at theCheyenne Mountain Complex, Colorado. Operational control of the division was transferred to NORAD from ADC.[citation needed]
In addition to the active duty interceptor and radar units, the division supervisedAir National Guard units that flew interception sorties using (among other aircraft)McDonnell F-101 Voodoos andConvair F-106 Delta Darts. At the same time the division controlled numerous radar squadrons. It was inactivated in 1967[1] as part of an ADC consolidation of intermediate level command and control organizations, driven by budget reductions required to fund USAF operations in Southeast Asia.[citation needed]
20th Air Division/NORAD Region ADC AOR 1969–1983
The 20th Air Division was activated for a third time in November 1969 under Aerospace Defense Command (ADCOM).[2] The division provided air defense for virtually all of the southeastern United States, except for most of Louisiana from the SAGE DC-4 blockhouse atFort Lee Air Force Station, Virginia.[7] The division also controlled aCIM-10 Bomarc surface-to-air anti-aircraft missile squadron nearLangley Air Force Base until the squadron's inactivation in October 1972.[8]
ADCOM was inactivated on 1 October 1979. The atmospheric defense resources (interceptors and warning radars) of ADCOM were reassigned toTactical Air Command, which formedAir Defense, Tactical Air Command as the headquarters to control them.[9] After 1981, the division controlled units equipped withMcDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle aircraft. Its subordinate units continued to participate in intensive academic training, numerous multi-region simulated (non-flying)exercises, and flying exercises.[1]
^abcdLineage, Including assignment, components, stations and aircraft in AFHRA Factsheet. except as noted
^Robertson, Patsy (24 February 2009)."Factsheet 53 Wing (ACC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived fromthe original on 4 January 2013. Retrieved18 June 2013.
Redmond, Kent C.; Smith, Thomas M. (2000).From Whirlwind to MITRE: The R&D Story of The SAGE Air Defense Computer. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.ISBN978-0-262-18201-0.
United States
United States Air Force
This article incorporatespublic domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency