Events from the1090s in England.

• Monarch –William II

• 1090
  • After buying the allegiance of several local barons, King William II takes control of easternNormandy.^[1]
• 1091
  • 2 February – William II invades westernNormandy with a large army.^[1] His brothers,Henry andRobert Curthose, mobilise mercenary forces to resist him during a siege atMont-Saint-Michel. Under terms of theTreaty of Caen, estates on theCotentin Peninsula of Normandy are surrendered to William, matters being concluded in August.^[1]
  • July –Malcolm III of Scotland invades England reaching as far south asDurham.^[2] The Normans led by William and Robert march north to oppose the Scots, but a conflict is averted. Malcolm is obliged to accept the terms of theTreaty of Abernethy (1072) and payshomage to William.^[1]
  • 17 October –London tornado of 1091: AT8/F4tornado is recorded inLondon, which destroysLondon Bridge and badly damagesSt Mary-le-Bow church.
• 1092
  • May – William II annexesCumbria from the Scottish Celtic kingdom ofStrathclyde and buildsCarlisle Castle.^[3]
  • 9 May –Lincoln Cathedral is consecrated.^[4]
  • 18 October –Walcher of Malvern correctly predicts the time of alunar eclipse.^[1]
• 1093
  • 6 March –Frankish monk, philosopher and theologianAnselm is nominated asArchbishop of Canterbury;^[2] he isconsecrated on 4 December.
  • 8 April – the newWinchester Cathedral, constructed by BishopWalkelin, becomes operational.
  • 11 August – construction ofDurham Cathedral begins.^[2]
  • 13 November – KingMalcolm III of Scotland is killed at theBattle of Alnwick during an attempted invasion of England.^[1]
  • Durham Priory re-establishes a monastic house on the Holy Island ofLindisfarne.^[5]
  • Normans continue their occupation of southernWales, constructingPembroke Castle.^[1]
• 1094
  • February – William II and Anselm quarrel aboutinvestiture and the overlordship of Church lands.^[1]
  • 19 March – William II unsuccessfully invades Normandy.^[1]
  • Welsh expel theMarcher Lords and destroy all Norman strongholds in Wales, except Pembroke Castle.^[1]
• 1095
  • January –Robert de Mowbray,Earl of Northumberland, rebels. William II besieges his stronghold ofBamburgh Castle which is surrendered by Robert's wife after he has been captured.^[1]
  • 25 February – a council atRockingham is held to resolve the dispute between Anselm and William II, but fails to do so.^[6]
  • May – Papal legate forces a reconciliation between William II and Anselm.^[1]
• 1096
  • Teaching at what will become theUniversity of Oxford is recorded.^[2]
  • King William II takes control of theDuchy of Normandy while his brother Robert II, Duke of Normandy is on theFirst Crusade.^[2]
  • Construction ofNorwich Cathedral begun.^[1]Herbert de Losinga, firstBishop of Norwich, establishes aBenedictinepriory atNorwich and, shortly afterwards, an episcopalgrammar school,Norwich School.
• 1097
  • October –Edgar Ætheling overthrowsDonald III of Scotland and places his nephewEdgar on the Scottish throne.^[6]
  • 8 November – Anselm leaves England following disagreements with William II.^[2]
  • Construction ofWestminster Hall.^[1]
• 1098
  • June or July – in theBattle of Anglesey Sound, a fleet led byMagnus Barefoot,King of Norway, reverses anAnglo-Norman invasion of north Wales.^[1]
• 1099
  • 11 November – flooding aroundNorth Sea andMount's Bay,Cornwall.^[7]

• 1095
  • Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (died1177)
• 1096
  • KingStephen of England (died1154)

• 1091
  • Approximate date –Robert D'Oyly, Norman nobleman and landowner
• 1092
  • 7 May –Remigius de Fécamp,Bishop of Lincoln
• 1094
  • 21 November –Simeon,Abbot of Ely (born c.994)
• 1095
  • 19 January –Wulfstan,Bishop of Worcester (born1008)
  • 26 June –Robert the Lotharingian,Bishop of Hereford
• 1096
  • 2 January –William de St-Calais,Bishop of Durham and counsellor of William II
• 1097
  • January/February –Odo of Bayeux, Earl of Kent (born c. 1030s in Normandy; died on First Crusade)
  • c. 1097/8 –Baldwin,Abbot of Bury St Edmunds and royal doctor
• 1098
  • 3 January –Walkelin,Bishop of Winchester
• 1099
  • 3 December –Saint Osmund,Bishop of Salisbury andLord Chancellor

• 1090s in England

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