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      Standard library header <future> (C++11)

      From cppreference.com
      <cpp‎ |header
       
       
      Standard library headers
       

      This header is part of thethread support library.

      Contents

      Classes

      (C++11)
      stores a value for asynchronous retrieval
      (class template)[edit]
      packages a function to store its return value for asynchronous retrieval
      (class template)[edit]
      (C++11)
      waits for a value that is set asynchronously
      (class template)[edit]
      waits for a value (possibly referenced by other futures) that is set asynchronously
      (class template)[edit]
      (C++11)
      specifies the launch policy forstd::async
      (enum)[edit]
      specifies the results of timed waits performed onstd::future andstd::shared_future
      (enum)[edit]
      reports an error related to futures or promises
      (class)[edit]
      identifies the future error codes
      (enum)[edit]
      specializes thestd::uses_allocator type trait
      (class template specialization)[edit]
      specializes thestd::uses_allocator type trait
      (class template specialization)[edit]

      Functions

      (C++11)
      runs a function asynchronously (potentially in a new thread) and returns astd::future that will hold the result
      (function template)[edit]
      identifies the future error category
      (function)[edit]
      specializes thestd::swap algorithm
      (function template)[edit]
      specializes thestd::swap algorithm
      (function template)[edit]

      [edit]Synopsis

      namespace std{enumclass future_errc{    broken_promise=/* implementation-defined */,    future_already_retrieved=/* implementation-defined */,    promise_already_satisfied=/* implementation-defined */,    no_state=/* implementation-defined */}; enumclass launch:/* unspecified */{    async=/* unspecified */,    deferred=/* unspecified */,/* implementation-defined */}; enumclass future_status{    ready,    timeout,    deferred}; template<>struct is_error_code_enum<future_errc>:public true_type{};  error_code make_error_code(future_errc e)noexcept;  error_condition make_error_condition(future_errc e)noexcept; const error_category& future_category()noexcept; class future_error; template<class R>class promise;template<class R>class promise<R&>;template<>class promise<void>; template<class R>void swap(promise<R>& x, promise<R>& y)noexcept; template<class R,class Alloc>struct uses_allocator<promise<R>, Alloc>; template<class R>class future;template<class R>class future<R&>;template<>class future<void>; template<class R>class shared_future;template<class R>class shared_future<R&>;template<>class shared_future<void>; template<class>class packaged_task;// not definedtemplate<class R,class...ArgTypes>class packaged_task<R(ArgTypes...)>; template<class R,class...ArgTypes>void swap(packaged_task<R(ArgTypes...)>&, packaged_task<R(ArgTypes...)>&)noexcept; template<class F,class...Args>    future<invoke_result_t<decay_t<F>, decay_t<Args>...>>      async(F&& f, Args&&...args);template<class F,class...Args>    future<invoke_result_t<decay_t<F>, decay_t<Args>...>>      async(launch policy, F&& f, Args&&...args);}

      [edit]Classstd::future_error

      namespace std{class future_error:public logic_error{public:explicit future_error(future_errc e); const error_code& code()constnoexcept;constchar*       what()constnoexcept; private:    error_code ec_;// exposition only};}

      [edit]Class templatestd::promise

      namespace std{template<class R>class promise{public:    promise();template<class Allocator>      promise(allocator_arg_t,const Allocator& a);    promise(promise&& rhs)noexcept;    promise(const promise&)= delete;    ~promise(); // assignment    promise& operator=(promise&& rhs)noexcept;    promise& operator=(const promise&)= delete;void swap(promise& other)noexcept; // retrieving the result    future<R> get_future(); // setting the resultvoid set_value(/* see description */);void set_exception(exception_ptr p); // setting the result with deferred notificationvoid set_value_at_thread_exit(/* see description */);void set_exception_at_thread_exit(exception_ptr p);}; template<class R>void swap(promise<R>& x, promise<R>& y)noexcept; template<class R,class Alloc>struct uses_allocator<promise<R>, Alloc>;}

      [edit]Class templatestd::future

      namespace std{template<class R>class future{public:    future()noexcept;    future(future&&)noexcept;    future(const future&)= delete;    ~future();    future& operator=(const future&)= delete;    future& operator=(future&&)noexcept;    shared_future<R> share()noexcept; // retrieving the value/* see description */ get(); // functions to check statebool valid()constnoexcept; void wait()const;template<class Rep,class Period>      future_status wait_for(const chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time)const;template<class Clock,class Duration>      future_status wait_until(const chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& abs_time)const;};}

      [edit]Class templatestd::shared_future

      namespace std{template<class R>class shared_future{public:    shared_future()noexcept;    shared_future(const shared_future& rhs)noexcept;    shared_future(future<R>&&)noexcept;    shared_future(shared_future&& rhs)noexcept;    ~shared_future();    shared_future& operator=(const shared_future& rhs)noexcept;    shared_future& operator=(shared_future&& rhs)noexcept; // retrieving the value/* see description */ get()const; // functions to check statebool valid()constnoexcept; void wait()const;template<class Rep,class Period>      future_status wait_for(const chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time)const;template<class Clock,class Duration>      future_status wait_until(const chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& abs_time)const;};}

      [edit]Class templatestd::packaged_task

      namespace std{template<class>class packaged_task;// not defined template<class R,class...ArgTypes>class packaged_task<R(ArgTypes...)>{public:// construction and destruction    packaged_task()noexcept;template<class F>explicit packaged_task(F&& f);    ~packaged_task(); // no copy    packaged_task(const packaged_task&)= delete;    packaged_task& operator=(const packaged_task&)= delete; // move support    packaged_task(packaged_task&& rhs)noexcept;    packaged_task& operator=(packaged_task&& rhs)noexcept;void swap(packaged_task& other)noexcept; bool valid()constnoexcept; // result retrieval    future<R> get_future(); // executionvoid operator()(ArgTypes...);void make_ready_at_thread_exit(ArgTypes...); void reset();}; template<class R,class...ArgTypes>  packaged_task(R(*)(ArgTypes...))-> packaged_task<R(ArgTypes...)>; template<class F> packaged_task(F)-> packaged_task</* see description */>; template<class R,class...ArgTypes>void swap(packaged_task<R(ArgTypes...)>& x, packaged_task<R(ArgTypes...)>& y)noexcept;}
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