(C++17) | ||||
Sequence | ||||
(C++11) | ||||
(C++26) | ||||
(C++26) | ||||
(C++11) | ||||
Associative | ||||
Unordered associative | ||||
(C++11) | ||||
(C++11) | ||||
(C++11) | ||||
(C++11) | ||||
Adaptors | ||||
(C++23) | ||||
(C++23) | ||||
(C++23) | ||||
(C++23) | ||||
Views | ||||
(C++20) | ||||
(C++23) | ||||
Tables | ||||
Iterator invalidation | ||||
Member function table | ||||
Non-member function table |
Member types | ||||||
Member functions | ||||||
Non-member functions | ||||||
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Helper classes | ||||||
Deduction guides(C++17) |
reference back(); | (1) | (since C++11) (constexpr since C++17) |
const_reference back()const; | (2) | (since C++11) (constexpr since C++14) |
Returns a reference to the last element in the container.
Ifempty() istrue, the behavior is undefined. | (until C++26) |
Ifempty() istrue:
| (since C++26) |
Contents |
Reference to the last element.
Constant.
For a non-empty containerc, the expressionc.back() is equivalent to*std::prev(c.end()).
#include <cassert>#include <array> int main(){std::array<char,4> letters{'a','b','c','d'};assert(letters.back()=='d');}
access the first element (public member function)[edit] | |
returns a reverse iterator to the beginning (public member function)[edit] | |
returns an iterator to the end (public member function)[edit] |